高中被動語態(tài)精心制作編輯(非比制作)

1、高一語法被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)Warming upLove To Be Loved By You是一首旋律優(yōu)美的英文歌曲，演唱者是美國流行歌手馬克特倫茨（Marc Terenzi）。2005年，Marc與德國歌手莎拉寇娜（Sarah Connor）結(jié)婚時，將這首歌作為愛的禮物獻(xiàn)給妻子。Task 1 Fill the blank by the song Baby, tell me how can I tell you That I you more than life Show me how can I show you That Im by your light When you touch me

2、I can touch you To find out the dream is true I to be loved I need to be I to be by youloveblindedlovelovedlovelovedSummary: 主動 or 被動？ 主動被動That I love you more than lifeThat Im blinded by your light I love to be loved I need to be lovedI love to be loved by you(五五 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)： 英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，

3、英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)和和被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。如：示主語是動作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主動主動) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被動被動) 漢語中常用漢語中常用“被被”、“給給”、“由由”、“受受”等詞用來表示被動，而英語用：等詞用來表示被動，而英語用： 構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 主要體現(xiàn)在主要體現(xiàn)在bebe的變化上，其形式與系動詞的變化上，其形式與

4、系動詞bebe的變化形式完全的變化形式完全一樣。以一樣。以 為例，列表如下：為例，列表如下： 一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時： 一般過去時：一般過去時： 一般將來時：一般將來時： 一般過去將來時：一般過去將來時： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時： 過去進(jìn)行時：過去進(jìn)行時： 現(xiàn)在完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時： 過去完成時：過去完成時： 將來完成時：將來完成時： 過去將來完成時：過去將來完成時： am / is / are + done am / is / are + done was / were + was / were + done shall / will + be shall / will + be done s

5、hould / would + be should / would + be done am / is / are + being + am / is / are + being + done was / were + being + was / were + being + done have / has + been + have / has + been + done had + been + had + been + done shall / will + have been + shall / will + have been + done should / would + have

6、 been + should / would + have been + done 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. (2)The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. .If he_ enough time, he will come up with an idea.A. gives B. will give C. is given D. will be given.A new film is go

7、ing to _ this Sunday.A. show B. showing C. be shown D. be showing. Many bridges _ over the river since liberation.A. are built B. Have built C. built D. have been built.The radio says a wild animal zoo is to _ in our city.A. be building B. build C. be built D. built2. 一般過去時：一般過去時： (1)They agreed on

8、the building of a new car factory last month. (2)The students didnt forget his lessons easily. . I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I_invited. A.am not B.havent been C.was not D.will not be析：析：should/would like to have done sth.意意“本本想做某事想做某事”，例如：，例如：I should like to have seen the

9、film,but it wasnt possible.由于這種句式由于這種句式表示表示“過去想過去想”，所以，所以but后的句子也應(yīng)該是后的句子也應(yīng)該是過去時態(tài)與之相配合，故此題答案是過去時態(tài)與之相配合，故此題答案是C。3. 一般將來時：一般將來時： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. . I promise that the matter will_. (NMET) A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take

10、care D.take care of析：析：take care of是固定短語，若無是固定短語，若無of則不可帶賓語，則不可帶賓語，只能跟只能跟that從句。所以此題答案為從句。所以此題答案為B。 4. 過去將來時：過去將來時： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. 5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時： (1)The radio is broadca

11、sting English lessons. (2) We are painting the rooms. . Have you got the result of the last examination?Not yet. Weve been told that the papers _. A. are marked B. are being markedC. have been marked D. were marked此題答案應(yīng)為此題答案應(yīng)為B。.We cant use the bridge now, because it _.A. has been repaired B. is rep

12、airing C. is repaired D. is being repaired 6. 過去進(jìn)行時：過去進(jìn)行時： (1)The workers were mending the road. (2)This time last year we were planting trees here. 7. 現(xiàn)在完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時： (1)Someone has told me (2)He has brought his book here. 8. 過去完成時：過去完成時： (1)When I got to the theatre, I found (2) The whole country was

13、 very sad at the news of his death; . Have you got the result of the last examination?Not yet. Weve been told that the papers _. A. are marked B. are being markedC. have been marked D. were marked此題答案應(yīng)為此題答案應(yīng)為B。.A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China.A. must B. must be C. has D. have .His ca

14、r _ tomorrow.A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)： 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)是由含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)是由“情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ be+ 及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。 (1)You must hand in your compositions after class. (2)He can write a great many letters with the computer. Ask and ans

15、wer waterevery day at homemy grandmaA: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home eve

16、ry day? B: yes, they are.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered ever

17、y day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day? B: yes, they are.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Wh

18、ere are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.When WhereWho.Do you like the material? Yes,it_very soft. (NMET) A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt析：觀察題干，空白線后無賓語，可知析：觀察題干，空白線后無賓語，可知feel是是不及物動詞，表不及物動詞，表“（某物）摸起來（某物）摸起來”意思意思,是連系動詞，不能用于被動式，也不用進(jìn)是連系動詞，不能用于被動式，也不用進(jìn)行時。根據(jù)此題對話情景，是指某種材料行時。根據(jù)此

19、題對話情景，是指某種材料的常規(guī)特性，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，不能用過的常規(guī)特性，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，不能用過去時，故答案為去時，故答案為C。feel作作“感覺感覺”、“認(rèn)認(rèn)為為”、“摸摸”等意時是及物動詞，可帶賓等意時是及物動詞，可帶賓語，有時態(tài)，語態(tài)等變化。語，有時態(tài)，語態(tài)等變化。Great changes_in the city,and a lot of factories_. (NMET) A.have been taken placehave been set up B.have taken placehave been set up C.have taken placehave set up D

20、.were taken placewere set up析：析：take place（發(fā)生）是不及物動詞，不可用于被（發(fā)生）是不及物動詞，不可用于被動語態(tài)，于是可排除動語態(tài)，于是可排除A、D，又因，又因set up(建造建造)是及是及物動詞，在此題中應(yīng)該用被動式，故排除物動詞，在此題中應(yīng)該用被動式，故排除C，答案，答案為為B。n1、，?？嫉挠谢蛴?happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等n Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.2022-3-16第一，一些不及物動詞

21、短語沒有被動語態(tài)，如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。如： The fire broke out in the capital building. 誤：The fire was broke out in the capital building. 第二，不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen. 誤：

22、The sun had already been risen. After the earthquake, few houses remained. 誤：After the earthquake, few houses were remained. 2022-3-162.open, break, drop等不強調(diào)動作發(fā)出者時常用主動語態(tài) The shop opens till 12 oclock at night. 3.感官系動詞一般用感官系動詞一般用意義，如：意義，如：feel, sound, taste, look, feel, get, turn, become等。等。 (1) Do y

23、ou like the material? Yes, it feels very soft. 誤：誤：It is felt very soft. (2)The food tastes delicious. 誤：誤：The food is tasted delicious. (3)The pop music sounds beautiful. 誤：誤：The pop music is sounded beautiful. .This music _ the Moonlight Sonata .A. is listened to B. is heard C. is sounded like D.

24、sounds like.This car _ a used car.A. doesnt look like B. isnt liked like C. does look D. looks 4.有些動詞既是及物又是不及物，當(dāng)它們和有些動詞既是及物又是不及物，當(dāng)它們和well, badly, easily等副詞連用時，等副詞連用時，表示表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能，是不及，是不及物動詞，用物動詞，用主動表示被動主動表示被動，這時不用被動語態(tài)，常見的有：，這時不用被動語態(tài)，常見的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。等。如：如： (1)The

25、 cloth washes easily. 這布很好洗。這布很好洗。 (2)The new product sells well. 這新產(chǎn)品很暢銷這新產(chǎn)品很暢銷。 對比：對比： The books sell well. (主動句主動句) The books were sold out. (被動句被動句) The meat didnt cook well. (主動句主動句) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被動句被動句)2022-3-165.5.在在need，want，require, deserve等等+ doing，動名詞，動名詞用主動形式用主動形

26、式表示被動表示被動意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式。定式的被動形式。如如need doing=need to be doneneed doing=need to be done1). 樹需要澆水。The trees need watering.= The trees need to be watered.2). 孩子需要照顧。Children want looking after.=Children want to be looked after.3). 電視機需要修理。The TV needs repairing.=The TV needs to be repa

27、ired.4). 這電影值得一看。The film deserves seeing.=The film deserves to be seen.The film deserves seeing.=The film deserves to be seen.2022-3-166.6.形容詞形容詞worth后面跟動名詞的后面跟動名詞的主動主動形式形式表表示被動示被動含義，但不能跟動詞不定式；而含義，但不能跟動詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。 The novel is well worth readingThe novel is very worthy t

28、o be read注：be well worth doing為固定搭配，表示非常值得做，只用well修飾，不用其它修飾，不用其它2022-3-167.7.動詞不定式動詞不定式在名詞后面作定語，不定式和其所修飾的在名詞后面作定語，不定式和其所修飾的名詞之間有名詞之間有動賓關(guān)系動賓關(guān)系，又和，又和句中主語構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系句中主語構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系, 不不定式的主動形式表示被動含義定式的主動形式表示被動含義。 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon （動詞不定式to do修飾 things, 與 things構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，又與句子主語I構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，此時用不定式

29、的主動形式表被動）同理：同理：He has several tasks to complete.試比較：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? (動詞不定式to be posted修飾a letter，與a letter構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，但與句子主語you不是主動關(guān)系，因此需用不定的的被動語態(tài))2022-3-168.“be+under/in等介詞等介詞+名詞名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可結(jié)構(gòu)可表示現(xiàn)在表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)含義進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)含義常用的這種結(jié)構(gòu)有：under consideration正在被考慮中 under co

30、nstruction 正在被建設(shè)中under discussion 正在被考慮中 under examination 正在被檢查中under protection 正在被保護(hù)中 under repair 正在被修理中 The problem is under discussion at the meeting.（問題正在會議上被討論）=The problem is being discussed at the meeting.9.9.含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時，可分別將其中的一個含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時，可分別將其中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個不動，一般變間接賓語為主語時比賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另

31、一個不動，一般變間接賓語為主語時比較多。較多。 如如, ,雙賓語動詞雙賓語動詞My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接賓語如果把直接賓語( (指物指物sthsth) )改為主語，則在間接賓語改為主語，則在間接賓語( (指人指人sbsb) )前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，如上句還可以說：前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，如上句還可以說： A present was given to me yesterday. My mum bought a shirt for me. 你會改嗎？你會改嗎？一般在下

32、列動詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞一般在下列動詞后，常在間接賓語前用介詞 toto，如：如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 一般一般在下列動詞后，間接賓語前用介詞在下列動詞后，間接賓語前用介詞 forfor, , 如：如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix

33、, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 2022-3-1610.10.在使役動詞在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)?/p>

34、被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，要要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加加to。1). The boss 1). The boss mademade the child the child work work 12 hours a day.12 hours a day. The child was made The child was made to to work 12 hours a day.work 12 hours a day.2). I2). I saw saw the man the man enterenter the building. the building. The man was seen The

35、 man was seen toto enter the building. enter the building.3). Dr. Lee 3). Dr. Lee heardheard the man the man singsing last night. last night. The man was heard The man was heard toto sing last night. sing last night.They _ day and night.A.are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are

36、 making to work 2022-3-1611.11.謂語動詞帶有，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)介詞或副詞需保留1) We should make full use of time. Time should be made full use of.2) My aunt will look after Dabao when my mother is not at home.Dabao will be looked after by my aunt when my mother is not at home. 由由動詞動詞+ + 介詞介詞或或副詞副詞構(gòu)成的短語動詞，要把它們作為整體看，構(gòu)成的短語動詞，要把

37、它們作為整體看，即把它們看成一個及物動詞，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉。這類即把它們看成一個及物動詞，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉。這類動詞有：動詞有： agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。等。 bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, tu

38、rn out 等等。 .That kind of shirts _ cotton.A. is made from B. are made from C. is made of D. are made of.My suit are made _ cotton and _ Shanghai.A.from ,in B. of, in C. of, by D. from ,by 12.12.在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可在漢語中，有一類句子不出現(xiàn)主語，在英語中一般可用被動結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，例如：用被動結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，例如： 據(jù)說據(jù)說It is said that 據(jù)報導(dǎo)據(jù)報導(dǎo)It is repo

39、rted that 據(jù)推測據(jù)推測It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 眾所周知眾所周知 It is well known that 普遍認(rèn)為普遍認(rèn)為 It is generally considered that 有人建議有人建議 It is suggested that 1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.2022-3-16句型句型“Itbe過去分詞

40、過去分詞that從句從句” = =“主語主語be過去分詞過去分詞to do sth.” the boy has passed the national exam. The boyhave passed the national exam. 2022-3-16注意1.1.當(dāng)不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時，常用被動語態(tài)，這時當(dāng)不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時，常用被動語態(tài)，這時往往不用往往不用by 短語。短語。 2.2.突出或強調(diào)動作的承受者，如果需要說出動作的執(zhí)行者，用突出或強調(diào)動作的承受者，如果需要說出動作的執(zhí)行者，用by 短語。短語。 3.3.當(dāng)漢語句子的主語既不是動作的執(zhí)行者，也不是

41、動作的承受者時，當(dāng)漢語句子的主語既不是動作的執(zhí)行者，也不是動作的承受者時，這時常用這時常用in + + 名詞作狀語，而代替名詞作狀語，而代替 by 短語。短語。 2022-3-164.賓語是反身代詞，相互代詞，同源賓語，不定賓語是反身代詞，相互代詞，同源賓語，不定式，式，v-ing形式及抽象名詞等，不能變?yōu)楸恍问郊俺橄竺~等，不能變?yōu)楸粍泳渥拥闹髡Z，如：動句子的主語，如： I taught myself English. 誤：誤：Myself was taught English. We love each other. 誤：誤：Each other is loved. 2022-3-16謂語

42、是及物動詞謂語是及物動詞leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。如：等。如： He entered the room and got his book. 誤：誤：The room was entered and his book was got. She had her hand burned. 誤：誤：Her hand was had burned. 2022-3-165 5 把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，其謂語動詞的時把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，其謂語動詞的時態(tài)要與原句時態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動態(tài)要與原句時態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動 詞的數(shù)要詞的數(shù)要與