高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解與練習(xí)主謂一致2

1、高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之主謂一致1 并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)當(dāng)意義為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)注意: 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由and連結(jié)時(shí),如果它表示一個(gè)單一的概念,即指同一人或同一物時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù), and此時(shí)連接的兩個(gè)詞前只有一個(gè)冠詞.The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.The League secretary and monitor was asked to make a speech at the meeting.The singer and dancer is my neighbor.2 主謂一致中的靠近原則there be 句型 not on

2、lybut also, eitheror, neithernor 就近原則 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week. Either you or she is to go.3 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)一致 with, together with, as well as, but, except與前面的主語(yǔ)一致. The teacher together with some students is visiting the

3、 factory. He as well as I wants to go boating.4 謂語(yǔ)需用單數(shù)1)代詞each, every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù).Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2) and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞前若用each,every,no修飾,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式. No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.書包里沒(méi)有書和鋼筆.Every boy and every girl i

4、s asked to answer the same question.3) 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是一本書或一條格言時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù).The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 是英語(yǔ)愛(ài)好者熟悉的一本好書.4) 表示金錢,時(shí)間.距離.價(jià)格或度量衡的名詞作主語(yǔ),常看作一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù). Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough. 5) more than one +名詞用單數(shù).例如:More than one

5、teacher gets the flowers. 不止一個(gè)教師得到了花.6) many a +名詞用單數(shù).例如:Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多學(xué)生被派去植樹(shù).7)動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù).例如:Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚飯后出去散步是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣.8) 以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞,如politics,physics,mathematics謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù). 以-s結(jié)尾的名詞news, works, plastics等同屬此類.謂語(yǔ)

6、用單數(shù) Politics is now taught in all schools. 現(xiàn)在各學(xué)校都開(kāi)設(shè)政治課.5 謂語(yǔ)需用復(fù)數(shù)a number of, a variety of, a group of, masses of, quantities of短語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用復(fù)數(shù)A number of students are from the south.6 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)情況不定1) what, which, who, none of, some of, more, most of, all of等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由其指代的詞單復(fù)數(shù)決定. All is right. (一切順利.) All are p

7、resent. (所有人都到齊了.)*一般all指人時(shí),動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù); all指物時(shí),動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).例如:All are present and all is going well. 所有人全部到場(chǎng)了,一切進(jìn)展順利2) 集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的意思來(lái)決定.如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等詞 用復(fù)數(shù)表示集體中的各個(gè)成員, 單數(shù)表示該個(gè)集體. His family isnt very large. 他家不是一個(gè)大家庭.His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者.peo

8、ple, police, cattle, poultry(家禽).militia(民兵).vermin（害蟲）等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形式. Are there any police around3) 與后接名詞或代詞保持一致half of, the rest of, part of, most of, a portion of, all of，百分?jǐn)?shù)，分?jǐn)?shù)，of the following等后接名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式根據(jù)of后的名詞而定.Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三為水所覆蓋

9、. The following are good examples下面是一些好例子4) trousers, glasses, shoes，scissors（剪刀），等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),前面若有一條,一副,一把之類的單位詞,動(dòng)詞用單數(shù); 若沒(méi)有單位詞或單位詞是復(fù)數(shù),則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).arms（武器）.clothes謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)The shoes are all right. 這些鞋子都很合適.One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work.派一兩個(gè)人到那兒去給他們幫忙.6）one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ 定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

10、詞要用復(fù)數(shù); the only one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).He is one of the students who get there on time.他是準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里的學(xué)生之一.He is the only one of the students who gets there on time.他是唯一一個(gè)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里的學(xué)生之一.練習(xí)2. All but one _ here. All that I want to say _ this.A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are3. A number

11、of students _ gone for an outing. The number of the students _increasing year. A. have; has B. is; have C. has; have D. have; is 4. Some of the oranges _ bad. Some of the milk _ sour (酸).A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 5. Each student -_ got an English- Chinese dictionary. All students _

12、 dictionarise.A. have; has B. has; have C. have; have D. has; has6. There _ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There _ some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is 7. Either the judge or the lawyers _ wrong. Either you or he _ to blame.A. is; are B. are;

13、is C. are; are D. is; is 8. His family _ all very well. His family _ a “ five good” one.A. are; is B. is; is C. are; are D. is; are9. My blue trousers _ worn out. One pair of trousers _ not enough.A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; is 10. Our League secretary and English teacher _ the lead in

14、everything. Our League secretary and the English teacher _ good friends.A. take; are B. take; is C. takes; is D. takes; are11. The girl as well as his parents _ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor _ surprised at Marys answer.A. have; was B. have; were C. has; was D. has; were12. Who

15、 _ the girl singing in the next room? Who _ these people over there?A. are; are B. are; is C. is; are D. is; is 13. Most of the students _ boys. Most of his money _ spent on books.A. are; is B. is ; is C. are; are D. is; are14. The policeman _ standing at the street corner. The police _ searching fo

16、r him.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 15. The glasses _ mine. That pair of glasses _ my brothers.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 16. The news at six oclock _ not true. Those pieces of news _ to be broadcasted.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 17. Grandpa Wang and hi

17、s two grandsons _ taking a walk in the park now. Grandpa Wang, together with his two grandsons, _ taking a walk in the park now. A. are; are B. is; are C. is; is D. are; is 18. No one but Jane _ the secret. Nobody but Mary and I _ in the classroom at that time.A. know; was B.knows; was C. know; were

18、 D. knows; were19. There _nothing but two desks in the room. There _ something wrong with the machine.A. is; is B. is; are C. are; is D. are; are20. He is one of the boys who _ never late for school. He is the only one of the boys who _ never late for school.A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is;

19、is 21. What they have done _ of great use to us. What he says and what he does _ agree.A. is; not B.is; do not C. are; does not D. are; not22. Every picture except these two _. Everything around us _ good.A. have been sold; is B. have been sold; are C. has been sold; is D. has been sold; are23. A wo

20、man with two children _ coming to us. Mary, along with her parents, _ gone to Paris.A. is; has B. is; have C. are; have D. are; has24. one sixth of our classmates _ from peasant families. One fifth of her time _ devoted to writing.A. comes; is B.come; are C. come; is D. comes; are25. Only 10 percent

21、 of the students in the class _ League members. About 40% of Jims income _ to the rent (租金). A. are; goes B. are; go C. is; goes D. is; go26. It is this teacher who _ leaving for London. It is you who _ next. A. are; are B. is; are C. are; is D. is; is27. The population of the earth _ increasing fas

22、t. One third of the people here _ workers.A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are28. This kind of snakes _ very dangerous. These kinds of metal _ hard to find.A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are29. Half of the visitors _ from Europe. Half of the fruit _ bad.A. is; are B. is; is C. are; i

23、s D. are; are30. Every man worker and every woman worker _ free medical care. At Christmas each boy and each girl _ given a present. A. enjoy; is B. enjoy; are C.enjoys; is D. enjoys; are31. Many a man _ seen the wonderful film. Many men _ seen the wonderful film.A. has; has B. has; have C. have; ha

24、s D. have; have32. Going to bed early and getting up early _ a good habit. Singing and dancing _ two of the things that he likes best.A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are35. If anybody _, ask him to wait. _ there anything I can do for you?A. come; Is B. come; Are C. comes; Are D.comes; Is36.

25、Chinese _ not so difficult to learn. The Chinese people _ brave and hard working.A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are37. Little _done to prevent the air from being polluted. Much_ done to against pollution.A. has been; have been B. have; has C. has been; has been D. have been; have been38. Do you know the singer and dancer who _standing at the gate? China has thousands of islands, the largest of which _ Taiwan.A. is; are B. is ; is C. are; is D. are; a