2020年全國統(tǒng)一高考英語試卷(新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)(解析版)

1、2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國卷I）英語注意事項(xiàng)：1 .答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2 .回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改 動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在 本試卷上無效。3 .考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。版本一（適用地區(qū)：河南、山西）第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂 到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有

2、一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A B C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。 每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。 例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是Co1 .Where are the speakers?A. At a swimming pool.B. In a clothing shop.C. At a school lab.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。2 .What will Tom do next?A. Turn down the music.B. Postpo

3、ne the show.C. Stop practicing.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。3 .What is the woman busy doing?A. Working on a paper.B. Tidying up the office.C. Organizing a party.【答案】C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。4. When will Henry start his vacation?A. This weekend.B. Next week.C. At the end of August.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。5. Wh

4、at does Donna offer to do for Bill?A. Book a flight for him.B. Drive him to the airport.C. Help him park the car.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。第二節(jié) （ 共 15 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分22.5 分 ）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6. W

5、hy does Pete call Lucy?A.To say thathe ll be late. B.To tell her abouthis work.C. To invite her to dinner.7. When is Pete going to see Lucy?A.At 6:00 pm.B.At 6:45 pm.C. At 8:00 pm.【答案】6. A 7. B【解析】【原文】本題聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8. Why does Cathy want to quit her job ？A. She ll join another firm.B. S

6、he ll run her own business.C. She s fed up with it.9. What is Mark s attitude towards Cathy s decision?Supportive.Recommend an engineer.A. Forgiving.B. Sympathetic.C.10. What might Cathy do for the present company?A. Apply for a project.B. Train a new person.C.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽

7、下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11. How did the man feel about his performance today?A. Greatly encouraged.B. A bit dissatisfied.C. Terribly disappointed.12. What did the man say helped him overcome the problem?A. Patience.B. Luck.C. Determination.13. What is the woman doing?A. Conducting an interview.B. Holding a

8、press conference.C. Hosting a ceremony.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14. What is next to the apartment building ？A. A restaurant.B. A laundry.C. A grocery store.15. Which is included in the rent ？A. Electricity.B. The Internet.C. Satellite TV.16. What does the woman think

9、of the apartment ？A. It s quite large.B. It s well furnished.C. It s worth the money.【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17. Where is Jeff from ？A. Liverpool.B. Coventry.C. Newcastle.18. Where do young men go to watch big games according to Jeff ？A. Pubs.B. Stadiums.C. Friends hom

10、es.19. Why does Jeff have to pick a team to support ？A. To avoid being bothered.B. To open a conversation.C. To earn respect from others.20. What does Jeff mainly talk about ？A. England s moment of success.B. English flag as a symbol of hope.C England s a-ltlime favourite sport.【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A

11、 20. C【解析】聽力題，解析略。【解析】版本二（適應(yīng)地區(qū)：湖北，河北，江西，安徽，福建，湖南，廣東及全國n、田卷地區(qū)）第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A B C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。 每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.答案是CoB. 9.18. C. 9.15.1.Where do

12、es the conversation probably take place?A. In a supermarket.【答案】C【解析】B. In the post office.C. In the street.【原文】本題為聽力，解析略。2 .What did Carl do?A. He designed a medal.【答案】B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。3 .What does the man do?A. He' s a tailor.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力，解析略。4 .When will the flight arrive?A. At 18:20

13、.【答案】CB. He fixed a TV set.B. He' s a waiter.B. At 18:35.C. He took a test.C. He' s a shop assistantC. At 18:50.【原文】本題為聽力，解析略。5.How can the man improve his article?A. By deleting unnecessary words.B. By adding a couple of points.C. By correcting grammar mistakes.【答案】A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。第二節(jié) （

14、 共 15 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分22.5 分 ）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6. What does Bill often do on Friday night?A. Visit his parents.B. Go to the movies.C. Walk along Broadway.7. Who watches musical plays most often

15、?A. Bill.B. Aarah.C. Bill s parents.【答案】6. B 7. B【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8. Why does David want to speak to Mike?A. To invite him to a party.B. To discuss a schedule.C. To call off a meeting.9. What do we know about the speakers?A. They are colleagues.B. They are close friends.C. They ve

16、 never met before.【答案】8. C 9. C【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10. What kind of camera does the man want?A. A TV camera.B. A video camera.C. A movie camera.11. Which function is the man most interested in?A. Underwater filming.B. A large memory.C. Auto-focus.12. How much would the man pay for the se

17、cond camera?A. 950 euros.B. 650 euros.C. 470 euros.【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C【解析】【原文】本題聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13. Who is Clifford?A. A little girl.B The man s pet.C. A fictional character.14. Who suggested that Norman paint for children s books?A. His wife.B. Elizabeth.C. A publisher.15. What is Norman

18、 s story based o?nA. A.book.B. A painting.C. A young woman.16. What is it that shocked Norman?A. His unexpected success.B. His efforts made in vain.C. His editor s disagreement.【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17. Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker

19、?A. Relatives.B. Strangers.C. Visitors.18. Why do people have small talk?A. To express opinions.B. To avoid arguments.C. To show friendliness.19. Which of the following is a frequent topic in small talk?A. Politics.B. Movies.C. Salaries.20. What does the speaker recommend at the end of his lecture?A

20、. Asking open-ended questions.B. Feeling free to change topics.C. Making small talk interesting.【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A【解析】【原文】本題為聽力，解析略。第二部分閱讀理解（ 共兩節(jié)，滿分40 分 ）第一節(jié) （ 共 15 小題；每小題2 分，滿分30 分 ）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、R C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)Train InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in p

21、ossession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information , please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled , there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost

22、 property（失物招領(lǐng)）Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located（ 位于）at Roma Street station.Public holidaysOn public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On cer

23、tain major event days , i.e.Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable , Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devices

24、Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains （outbound）DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9:5

25、2pm11:02pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22am21. What would you do get ticker information?A. Call 13 16 17.B. Visit translink .com.au.C. Ask at the local station.D. Check the train schedule.22. At which station can you find the lost property office?A. Altandi.B. Roma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude

26、 Valley.23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A. 6:42 pm.B. 7:29 pm.C. 8:57 pm.D. 11:02 pm.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些火車信息，包括失物招領(lǐng)、公共假期安排以及列車出發(fā)時(shí)間等信息?！?21 題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30. 可知查詢車票信息， 請(qǐng)

27、向您當(dāng)?shù)氐能囌驹儐柣驌艽?31230。 由此可知，你可以詢問當(dāng)?shù)剀囌净驌艽?31230 來獲得車票信息。故選C。【 22 題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lost property 部分中 The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm andis located at Roma Street station可知失物招領(lǐng)處周一至周五早上 7:30到下午5:00營業(yè)，位于羅馬街車站。由 此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招領(lǐng)辦公室。故選B。【 23 題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Guardian trans部

28、分中信息，可知從起始地Central出發(fā)，開往目的地 Varsity Lakes的火車是下午 7:29開車。 由此可知，如果你要從Central 去往 Varsity Lakes， 你應(yīng)當(dāng)乘坐下午7:29的火車。故選 B。BReturning to a book you ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. Therefamiliarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the re

29、lationship. But books don t change, people do. And that s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. Ittrue, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading

30、, it s all about the present. Itwhat one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningway Moveable Feast. Published in 19

31、64, it' s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almos玲noxicating （陶醉的）， an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard s Holy the Fher poetic 1975 ramble （ 隨筆 ） about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar s Save TwSelected

32、Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attachto them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author currency a reader can pay them. The best books

33、are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.24. Why does the author like rereading?A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.B. It ' s a window to a whole new world.C. It ' s a substitute

34、 for drinking with a friend.D. It extends the understanding of oneself.25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?A. It ' s a brief account of a trip.B. It ' s about Hemingway ' s life as a young man.C. It ' s a record of a historic event.D. It ' s about Hemingway '

35、s friends in Paris.26. What does the underlined word " currency" in paragraph 4 refer to?A. DebtB. Reward.C. Allowance.D. Face value.27. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He loves poetry.B. He' s an editor.C. He' s very ambitious.D. He teaches reading.【答案】24. D 25

36、. B 26. B 27. A【解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了重新閱讀的意義和益處并向讀者介紹了作者每年重讀的三本書。作者鼓勵(lì)讀者去重新閱讀書籍。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句"But books don' tchange, people do. And that ' what makes the act ofrereading so rich and transformative但是書沒變，人變了。那就是使重新閱讀行為如此豐富和富于變化之處)'和第二段 “The beauty of rereading lies in that our bon

37、d with the work is based on our present register. It is true, theolder I get, the more I feel time has wings.（重新閱讀的美妙之處在于我們與作品的聯(lián)系是基于我們現(xiàn)在的心理狀態(tài)。真的，我年紀(jì)越大，就越覺得時(shí)光飛逝。/可推知，作者喜歡重新閱讀是因?yàn)橹匦麻喿x可以擴(kuò)展對(duì)自己的理解。故選 D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Publishedin 1964, it ' his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.及“anaging writer

38、 looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time可知，這本書出版于 1964年，這是他關(guān)于 20世紀(jì)20年代在巴黎的經(jīng)典回憶錄，是他老年時(shí)對(duì)那些野心勃勃卻更簡單的日子的回顧。由此可判斷出A Movable Feast是關(guān)于海明威年輕時(shí)的生活。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中的）”可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,“while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,俚然金錢確實(shí)是美妙而必要根據(jù)上下文的語境可推知，"rereading an author ' s work is the

39、higcuesency areader can pay them.意為"但是但重新閱讀作品是讀者能支付給他們的最高回報(bào)”，由此判斷出劃線詞的意思 是回報(bào)”。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Thethird book is Julio Cort a zar 'Save Twilight: selected poems, because poetry.（第三本書是胡里奧 科塔扎的拯救暮光之城：詩歌精選，因?yàn)樵姼鑿S可知，作者是由于喜歡詩歌而 喜歡這本書。故選 A項(xiàng)。Race walking shares many fitness benefits wi

40、th running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.s rulesRace walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the maratho

41、n. But the sport walker ' s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact觸）with the ground at all times. It ' stithisgs form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Sal

42、em State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories（卡路里）per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although f

43、ewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who

44、 do notleave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner s knee, arace walkers. But the sport s strange form does place considerablehestarensksleosnatnd hips, so people with a history of

45、such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?A. They must run long dista

46、nces.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good at swinging their legs.29. What advantage does race walking have over running?A. It s more popular at the Olympics.B. It s less challenging physically.C. It s more effective in body building.D. It s les

47、s likely to cause knee injuries.30. What is Dr. Norberg s suggestion for someone trying race walking?A. Getti ng experts opinions.B. Having a medical checkup.C. Hiring an experienced coach.D. Doing regular exercises.s attitude to race walking?B. Objective.D. Conservative.31. Which word best describe

48、s the authorA. Skeptical.C. Tolerant.28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B【解析】 這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了競走相比跑步有諸多的優(yōu)勢(shì)，但是之前受過傷的人，要想從事這樣運(yùn)動(dòng)要謹(jǐn) 慎，最好咨詢專家的建議?！?28 題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“But the sport s rules require that a race walker s knees stay straight through most of th leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all t

49、imes. ”可知，但這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)則要求競走者的膝 蓋在擺動(dòng)腿的大部分時(shí)間保持伸直，一只腳始終與地面接觸。由此可知，競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員是需要具備某些條件的運(yùn)動(dòng)員是因?yàn)檫\(yùn)動(dòng)員需要遵守特殊的規(guī)則。故選C 項(xiàng)。【 29 題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runnerknee, are uncommon among race walkers. 可知，一些與跑步有關(guān)的損傷，比如跑步者的膝蓋，在競走者中并 ”不常見。由此可知，競走與跑步相比的優(yōu)勢(shì)是不太可能導(dǎo)致

50、膝蓋受傷。故選D 項(xiàng)?！?30 題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Dr. Norberg 說的話 “ In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably firstconsult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique（ 事實(shí)上，任何想嘗試競走的人都應(yīng)該首先咨詢教練或有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的競走運(yùn)動(dòng)員，學(xué)習(xí)適當(dāng)?shù)募记?。?”可知， Dr. Norberg 建議想嘗試競走的人征詢專家的建議。故選 A 項(xiàng)?！?31 題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ Race walking sh

51、ares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while mostlikely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. 可知，研究表明，競走和跑步一樣”有很多健身益處，而且它還很少導(dǎo)致受傷。不過，它也有自己的問題。由此判斷出作者對(duì)于競走的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選B 項(xiàng)。DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific

52、research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown ， Ohio， for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another， employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers

53、at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse ， even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they re short of water and a plant t

54、hat can detect harmful chemigroundwater. We re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day, explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow（ 發(fā)光 ）in experiments using so

55、me common vegetables. Strano s team found that they could create a faint light for th-raened-a-half hours. The light ， about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by， is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered s

56、treet lamps.in the future ， the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant s lifetime. The engineers ardeevaelsloptrayningontoand offswitch where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accoun

57、ts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（ 電源 ）-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission（ 傳輸 ）.Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help s