動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)狀語從句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考查比例較大的幾點(diǎn)歷年高考題練習(xí) 表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去 發(fā)生的某一發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)動(dòng)作作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。一般過去。一般過去時(shí)僅僅說明時(shí)僅僅說明動(dòng)作在過去動(dòng)作在過去，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。影響。 常與一些時(shí)間狀語連用：如：常與一些時(shí)間狀語連用：如：already; yet; by this time; just; ever; never; now; before; lately 等。等。 例一： -Where _you_ the key? I _ it yet.A. did,put; d

2、idnt findB. did,put;havent foundC.have,put;havent foundD. have,put; didnt find B 例二：NMET97 上海 19題-Oh, its you! I _ you.-Ive just had my hair cut and Im wearing new glasses. didnt recognize B. hadnt recognizedA.C. havent recognized D. dont recognize A2. It is the first/secondtime that 從句。的從句中 一般用 現(xiàn)在完

3、成時(shí)。另外：“It is/ has been + 一段時(shí)間+ since 從句”中，從句動(dòng)詞通常用過過去時(shí)去時(shí)，主句用完成時(shí)完成時(shí)。3. 有些瞬間性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。要連用時(shí)須用狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。成對(duì)的詞有：Become/be; die/be dead; leave/ be away; join the army/serve the army 例三：NMET 92-Do you know our town at all?- No, this is the first time I _ here. was B. have been A.C. came D. have goneB 例四

4、： NMET84年 She _ Robert for a year. A.married B. married with C. has been marrying D. has been married toDMarry是瞬間性動(dòng)作，不能和for +時(shí)間段的狀語連用。要表示狀態(tài)的用has been married to sb.“和某人結(jié)婚”是marry to sb. 1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這一特定的時(shí)間可用時(shí)間狀語連用。如：at that time; at 8 oclock; when也可用上下暗示可用上下暗示。 例五：NMET 1997 第10題 I first m

5、et Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. has worked B. was working A.C. had been working D. had workedB 例六：NMET 2001第 35題 _such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B.Suffering C. To suffer D. SufferedA 例七：NMET 1999 第 24 題- Hey,

6、look where you are going!- Oh, Im terribly sorry,_. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticing A.C. I havent noticed D. I dont noticeB2.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常用于由when、while、as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，表示背景，引出由一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表示的新動(dòng)作。或：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（表示背景）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（表示背景）+when+ +when+ 一般過去時(shí)（新發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）一般過去時(shí)（新發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）。此時(shí)when 相當(dāng)于at that time; just then. 例八：NMET

7、2000 第25 題The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it. was travelling B. travelled A.C.had been travelling D. was to travelA在if 、unless等詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句條件狀語從句，when till/until 、as soon as 、the time等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句，以及the more the more 結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的程度狀語從句程度狀語從句中，當(dāng)主句主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用

8、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)間。 例 九：NMET94年 38題I need one more stamp before my collection _. has completed B. completes A.C. has been completed D. is completedD 例十：NMET86 If it _tomorrow, the sports meet will not be held. A. rains B. will rain C. goes to rain D. shall rainA 總結(jié)性練習(xí)1. When I was at college I _three foreign languages,but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten 2. - I havent heard from Henry for a long time. - What do you suppose _ to him? A. was happening B.