高一英語必修一Unit1-Friendship-Grammar

1、The shoes are too big for me.What did he say?He said the shoes were too big for him.直接引語和間接引語直接引語和間接引語 (Direct and Indirect Speech)直接引語和間接引語都是賓語。一字不改的引述直接引語和間接引語都是賓語。一字不改的引述別人的話，叫做直接引語；用說話人自己的話轉(zhuǎn)別人的話，叫做直接引語；用說話人自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語通常在句述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語通常在句中以賓語從句的形式出現(xiàn)。中以賓語從句的形式出現(xiàn)。1.人稱的變化和時態(tài)的變化人稱的變化和

2、時態(tài)的變化Jane said, Im very fond of travelling.Jane said that she was very fond of travelling.2. 指示代詞的變化指示代詞的變化this that, these those ; 疑疑問句要變成陳述句問句要變成陳述句, 一般疑問句用一般疑問句用whether/ if 引導引導賓語從句。賓語從句。 (a) “Is this your umbrella, Mary?” asked John. John asked Mary if that was her umbrella. (b) “Mary, when will

3、 you return me the book?” asked John. John asked Mary when she would return him the book. 3.直接引語為祈使句時：直接引語為祈使句時：“Sit down ,please. ”the teacher said to the students.=The teacher asked the students to sit down.“Please help me to carry this box,” she said to John.=She asked John to help her to carry t

4、hat box. 直接引語變間接引語時，時態(tài)變化直接引語變間接引語時，時態(tài)變化1. 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時 “I know it,” he said. He said that he knew it.2. 現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時過去進行時 “Im making coffee for you all.” she said. She said she was making coffee for us all.3. 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時過去完成時 “I have seen her before.” said he. He said he had seen he

5、r before.4. 一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時 “I saw her last Monday,” he said. = He said he had seen her the previous Monday.5. 過去完成時過去完成時 過去完成時過去完成時 “She had left for Shanghai before you came” He said.He said that she had left for Shanghai before you came.6. 一般將來時一般將來時 過去將來時過去將來時 He said, “We shall start tomor

6、row.” He said they would start the next day. 下列情況時態(tài)不變下列情況時態(tài)不變1. 不變的真理不變的真理 The teacher said to the students, “The earth goes around the sun.”=The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun.2. 經(jīng)常的習慣經(jīng)常的習慣He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”= He told the doctor that h

7、e smokes two packs every day. 3. 歷史事件或歷史事件或 時間狀語是具體的時間時間狀語是具體的時間 The teacher said, “World War II ended in 1945. =The teacher said that World War II ended in 1945.” He said , “I Joined the army in 1934. ” =He said (that) he joined the army in 1934. 4. 部分情態(tài)動詞，如：部分情態(tài)動詞，如：must, ought to, used to, had be

8、tter 等。等。 She said to me, “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry. 時間狀語的變化時間狀語的變化 now- then ago- before today- that day tomorrow-the next day/ the following day yesterday- the day before/ the previous day the day before yesterday-two days before the day after tomorrow- two days later 地點的變化地點

9、的變化 here- there1Anne said that she was going to hide from the Germans2Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home3She said that she could not ask her father because it was not safe to know4The girl said that she had to pack up her things very quickly5Dad asked her why she chose her dia

10、ry and old letters6“Are you very hot with so many clothes on?” Mum asked her7“What else have you got?” Margot asked her8“When shall we go back home?” Anne asked her father9“How can I see my friends?” Anne asked her sister10“Why did you go to bed so late last night?” Mother asked AnneListening TaskJust now we gave Lisa some advice to help her with her problem on making friends. And h