CTO下載SAN基礎(chǔ)培訓(xùn)文檔(Legato公司)

1、 Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc117 August 1999 A Foundation for Understanding Storage Area Networks SAN 101Special thanks to our SAN 101 sponsors whose support helped bring you this course: Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc217 August 1999ObjectivesThis training prepares students to: Use and u

2、nderstand basic SAN terminology Distinguish SAN from NAS and other storage network technologies Understand where SANs can help users the most Describe the configuration of SANs in the point-to-point, arbitrated loop, and switched fabric topologies Cite the performance gains available through use of

3、SAN technology Recognize the distinguishing features of the main SAN products in todays market Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc317 August 1999AgendanIntroduction to SANsnSAN connectivitynSAN componentsnSAN applications Basic terms and concepts Advantages of SANs SAN and NAS“A Fibre Channel Primer

4、” Products and features High-performance backup Storage consolidation/expansion Disaster protection Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc417 August 1999What is a Storage Area Network?A dedicated network for servers and storage systemsSANLAN Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5Why Give Storage Its Own

5、Network?A good LAN does not make a good SAN !nLANs use different protocols, different toolsnLANs are physically insecure at the desktop and potentially vulnerable at the servernLANs seldom have spare capacity for storage networkingnLANs are tuned to favor short, “bursty” user transmissions vs large,

6、 continuous data transfers Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc617 August 1999SAN StoragenRAID: “Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks”wFault-tolerant grouping of disks that server sees as a single disk volumewCombination of parity-checking, mirroring, stripingwSelf-contained, manageable unit of stora

7、genJBOD: “Just a Bunch of Disks”wDrives independently attached to the I/O channelwScaleable, but requires server to manage multiple volumeswDo not provide protection in case of drive failure Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc717 August 1999SAN ComponentsnServers with host bus adaptersnStorage syste

8、ms wRAIDwJBODwTapewOpticalnHubs and switchesnBridges and extendersnSAN management software Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc817 August 1999Promise of SANn Massively extended scalabilityn Greatly enhanced device connectivityn Storage consolidationn LAN-free backupn Serverless (active-fabric) backup

9、n Server clusteringn Heterogeneous data sharingn Disaster recovery - Remote mirroring Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc9Scalability and PerformancenStorage expansionwNo impact on serversnServer expansionwNo impact on storagenLoad balancingwActive parallel pathsnBandwidth on demandwRobust topology

10、Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc10High AvailabilitynMultiple levels of redundancy are configurable throughout data pathnMultiple access paths allow failover cluster configurationsnDe-coupling of storage from application service allows it to be managed independentlynData vaulting and disaster reco

11、very configurations can address loss of service due to site failureFAILOVER Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc1117 August 1999Network Attached Storage (NAS)Attached directly to networkDedicated, multi-protocol filerNASFile I/OFile I/O Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc12SAN and NASSAN nRemote stor

12、age accessnPrivate net for storagenStorage protocolsnCentralized managementNASnRemote file accessnShares user netnNetwork protocolsnDistributed managementGood for simple, scalable file sharingGood for hosting large databases Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc1317 August 1999Summary and QuestionsSAN

13、 BenefitsnSANs fully exploit high-performance, high-connectivity network technologiesnSANs expand easily to keep pace with fast growing storage needsnSANs allow any server to access any data nSANs help centralize management of storage resourcesnSANs reduce total cost of ownership Copyright 2000, Leg

14、ato Systems, Inc1417 August 1999SAN Connectivity “A Fibre Channel Primer” Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc1517 August 1999Fibre ChannelChannel transport ideal for SANsMultiple protocol supportNetworking capability and functionalityHeterogeneous interconnectbandwidth - availability - reliability -

15、 integrity - scalability Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc1617 August 1999Closed, structured High performanceError-freeLarge data transferHardware intensiveNetworkOpen, unstructuredError-free secondaryPeer to peerData, voice, videoSoftware intensiveTraditional ConnectivityProcessorMemoryDiskChanne

16、l Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc1717 August 1999ChannelClosed, structuredHigh performanceError-freeLarge data transferHardware intensiveNetworkOpen, unstructuredError-free secondaryPeer to peerData, voice, videoSoftware intensiveFibre ChannelFibre Channel Connectivity Copyright 2000, Legato Sys

17、tems, Inc1817 August 1999SAN TopologiesPoint-to-Point100MB 10 KM Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4017 August 1999Bridges and ExtendersnFeatureswAllow use of SCSI devices on a FC networkwAllow use of Fibre Channel peripherals by SCSI-only hosts (running the router in “initiator” mode)wSNMP and MIB

18、 compliancewAvailable in multiport unitsu1 FC to 2 SCSIu2 FC to 4 SCSITapeLibraryArbitratedLoop126 IDsSCSI Bus15 IDsRouterHostServer Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4117 August 1999Storage SystemsnFeatureswFC-attached to the SANwHigh RPM, fibre driveswSupport for multiple RAID levelswSNMP and MIB

19、-compliantwMultiple storage processors for load-balancingwN+1 hot-swappable componentswGUI configuration management tools with utilization monitoring Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4217 August 1999Summary and QuestionsSAN Componentsn Cablesn Interfaces/Adaptersn Hubsn Switchesn Bridges and Exten

20、dersn Storage Systems. Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4317 August 1999SAN Applications Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4417 August 1999SAN ApplicationsnHigh Performance BackupwMultiple servers using SAN to backup to a shared backup resourcenStorage Consolidation and ExpansionwConsolidating st

21、orage for easy managementwScaling storage to meet business needsnDisaster Protection wClustering for fault tolerancewRemote real-time mirroring of data Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4517 August 1999The Backup DilemmanProblemwIncreasing amounts of data to backupwDecreasing daily backup windowwIn

22、creasing backup costsnSolutionwCentralized backup hardwareReduced equipment and management costswHigh bandwidth I/O channel to offload LANImproved backup performancewScaleable connectivityCost effective deployment Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4617 August 1999Network Backup TodayDiskStorageDisk

23、StorageDiskStorageTapeNetworkServerBackupServerNetworkServerNetworkServerLANClientClientClient Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4717 August 1999LAN-Free BackupSANNetworkServer (backup node)NetworkServerNetworkServerLANClientTapeClientClientDiskStorage Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4817 August

24、 1999Serverless BackupDiskStorageSANBackupServerNetworkServerNetworkServerLANClientTapeClientClient Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc4917 August 1999Storage Consolidation and ExpansionnSAN provides economies of scale in storage allocationwPurchase driven by cost, not capacitywAllocation on demand,

25、 no wastenSAN provides increased configuration flexibilitywMultiple InitiatorswMultiple RAID levelsnSAN provides improved expansion capabilitieswAdd storage as requiredwAdd I/O bandwidth Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5017 August 1999Storage ConsolidationDiskStorageDiskStorageDiskStorageTapeSAND

26、iskStorageClientNetworkServerLANNetworkServerNetworkServerClient Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5117 August 1999Expansion - Cascading FC-ALnHubs can be cascaded to widen the loop up to 126 devicesnLogically all devices are on the same loop Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5217 August 1999Expan

27、sion - Scaling Fabric CapacityServerFCHost Adapter Scaling storage does not require additional controllers, so a SAN allows flexible scaling as needs grow Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5317 August 1999Expansion - Multiple LoopsCascaded SwitchesSeparate LoopsLoop #1Loop #2Loop #5Loop #3Loop #4Mu

28、ltiple switches are used between loops to create a larger SAN Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5417 August 1999Fibre Channel WorkgroupNT File ServerShared StorageWorkstationsFC-ALw/SCSIFC-AL w/IPFC-AL is used to create a high-bandwidth client/server workgroup Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc551

29、7 August 1999Disaster ProtectionnServer clusteringwApplication-level failover between nodes in the clusterwServer-level failover between nodes in the clusternData mirroringwWriting or replicating data to remote storage nodes Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5617 August 1999Server ClusteringJBOD or

30、 RAIDServersFC Switch/HubFC is used tocreate a high availability server and storage cluster Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5717 August 1999Small High-Availability ClusterFC Hubs/SwitchesLoop BLoop AServer 1Server 2Mirrored RAID Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5817 August 1999Data Mirroring10K

31、m Long-wave Fiber OpticsLow-latency area switching enables full server and storage mirroring across up to 120Km distanceFC Switch/HubFC Switch/Hub Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc5917 August 1999Implementation Lessons LearnednConsider your enterprise storage requirements before beginning implemen

32、tationwCapacity - Availability - Speed of AccessnCreate enterprise storage standardsnConsider a phased implementation approachwAssessment - Design - Pilot - Test - RolloutnWork with a single vendor or make sure all vendors approve your SAN design nMake sure host OSes are at right patch/sp levels nCo

33、nsider the effect of SAN and Disaster Protection implementations on hosted applications Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc6017 August 1999Summary and QuestionsSAN Applicationsn High-performance backupsn Storage consolidation and expansionn Disaster protection Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc6117

34、 August 1999ConclusionnReview of SAN Terms and ConceptsnA Look Ahead: SAN Trends nQuestionsnCourse EvaluationnSAN 101 Student GuidenFarewell Copyright 2000, Legato Systems, Inc6217 August 1999Review: SAN Terms and ConceptsSANNASnetwork for servers and storage systemsmulti-protocol network filerRAIDredundant array of inexpensive disksJBOD“just a bunch of disks”P(pán)oint-to-Pointthe simplest SAN, a dedicated connection between server and storageAr