高一必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world-Grammar課件

1、Unit 1 Festivals around the worldGrammar：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞高一必修3概述表示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的語(yǔ)氣或情緒；不可單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ),必須和動(dòng)原連用，否定+not；無(wú)人稱(chēng)、數(shù)的變化?；居梅ㄅ袛嗤茰y(cè)MV+動(dòng)原MV+have donecan/couldmay/mightshallshouldmustwill/would基本用法can/could 表示能力。I can speak English.She can lift her husband up with one hand.Tips： 如果表示過(guò)去某人有能力做某事，而且做成了某事，要用were/was able to

2、 = succeeded in.而could一般只表示過(guò)去有能力做, 但做了與否未知。The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.can B. could C. was able to D. were able toC表示請(qǐng)求(request)The kid: Can/could I watch TV for a while?”Tips：此時(shí)could 不是過(guò)去式，而是表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。表示許可(permission) 。The mother: “You can watch TV for 5 minut

3、es.”表示驚訝，懷疑或不相信，主要用于否定句, 疑問(wèn)句, 感嘆句。(doubt)How can you watch TV? Can the woman be his wife ?表示理論或邏輯上的可能性。Everyone can be No.1An elephant can be put into a fridge.can 可表示一時(shí)或偶爾的可能性。She had a bad temper(脾氣)，but she can be gentle(溫柔) sometimes.It is warm in March in my hometown, but sometimes it can be ve

4、ry cold.Tips：此時(shí)句中一定有表示一時(shí)或偶爾的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。此時(shí)句中一定有表示一時(shí)或偶爾的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。may, might 表示請(qǐng)求(request)What award did you get from the sports competition?May I have a look?表許可(permission)You may leave home.She said you might watch TV .Tips：在一般疑問(wèn)中，can/could/may/might都可表示請(qǐng)求，但給予許可只可用can/may。Can/could/may/might I watch Happy Cam

5、p?Yes, you can/may.may 表示現(xiàn)實(shí)的可能性(possibility)Damao may be a millionaire someday. Our football team didnt play very well today, but we might do better tomorrow.may 可表示祝福，祝愿May you succeed! May God be with you! May happiness and health always follow you.句型：May+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)原!May your dream come true.must表示：必須，一

6、定 否定：mustntYou mustnt speak ill of others behind his back .Tips：在回答must的一般疑問(wèn)時(shí),肯定時(shí),用must；否定時(shí),如想表達(dá)不必之意,用neednt/dont have to。Must I clean the dishes now?Yes, you must. /No, you neednt. /you dont have to.語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng),不準(zhǔn)、禁止表示一個(gè)人的固執(zhí)堅(jiān)持，偏偏，一定, 非得Why must you sing at night?Must you go to the film when you are one? 用

7、于一，三人稱(chēng)的疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話(huà)者征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求指示Shall we go out for lunch？ Shall he come in or wait outside?When shall he leave the hospital?用于二，三人稱(chēng)的陳述句中，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩，如: 命令，警告，威脅，允諾等Everyone shall wear uniform.If you dont work hard, you shall fail in exam. You shall pay for it.shall 用在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定，意為“應(yīng)該，必須”。No

8、person shall carry a mobile phone into the examination room during the College Entrance Examination. should表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任)應(yīng)該,應(yīng)當(dāng)You should do as the teacher says. 用于一些表示感情的從句中，意為“竟然”Im surprised that he should have been cheated by a 3-year-old boy. will, would 用在第二人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中，征求意見(jiàn)Will you drink some milk tea?Wou

9、ld you drink some milk tea? 表示更加委婉的語(yǔ)氣,更加客氣表示主語(yǔ)的意愿、決心，即：主語(yǔ) 自愿做某事 = 愿意I will come up and help you in a moment.- Will you lend me a hand?- Id love to. /Yes, I will.will 可表示現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或行為，譯為 “常常，就會(huì)”；would可表示過(guò)去的經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或行為，譯為“過(guò)去常?！薄g. If nobody is at home, we will have dinner outside. We would enjoy a cup o

10、f coffee after work when we worked in WS.不要迷戀哥，嫂子會(huì)生氣的。Dont be crazy about the brother; the sister-in-law will be angry.基本用法can/couldmay/mightshallshouldmustwill/would能力；請(qǐng)求；許可；理論或邏輯上的可能性；一時(shí)或偶爾的可能性（sometimes, at times）請(qǐng)求；許可；現(xiàn)實(shí)的可能性；祝福，祝愿；may/might as well do(還是的好，不妨) ；may well do (很可能做)用于一，三一，三人稱(chēng)的疑問(wèn)句中，

11、表示說(shuō)話(huà)者征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求指示；用于二，三二，三人稱(chēng)的陳述句中，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩，如：警告，威脅，允諾，規(guī)定等應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)；竟然；必須，一定是(否定：mustnt, neednt/dont have to, cant)；偏偏，非得，一定 ( Why must you sing at night? )第二人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中，征求意見(jiàn)(would更加委婉)；主語(yǔ)的意愿、決心，自愿做某事；will 常常、就會(huì)；would 過(guò)去常常判斷推測(cè)MV + 動(dòng)原must 表示判推時(shí)，意為：一定、必定， 只用于肯定句 Eg. The light in her room is still on; she mu

12、st be at home now. can 表示判推時(shí)，只用于否、疑問(wèn)中(cant)，是比較肯定的否定，意為：不可能， 可能嗎？ Eg. She cant be at home. I saw her leave home ten minutes ago. She forgot to turn off the light.could 表示判推時(shí)，意為：可能、也許， 可用于各種句式，此時(shí)，could不是表示過(guò)去，而是一種不肯定的語(yǔ)氣。 Eg. Xiao Shenyang could be from Liaoning Province. Where could he be from?may, mi

13、ght 表示判推時(shí)，均為：可能、也許，此時(shí),might不表示過(guò)去,而表示可能性比may小,更無(wú)把握。 Tips： a. 在表示判推時(shí)，must的否定式為：cant/couldnt, 疑問(wèn)句時(shí)使用can/could b. 在表示判推時(shí), cant/couldnt = 不可能 may not/ might not = 可能不eg. He must be a student. He may be a student. He cant be a student. He may not be a student.c. 在肯中，could/may/might 都可表示可能should/ ought to

14、在表示判推時(shí)，均意為：應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)，是按照常理推斷，具有一定的依據(jù)，語(yǔ)氣比must弱When can I come for the photo? I need it tomorrow.It _ be ready by 12:00.A. should B. must C. may DmightMV + have + doneshould/ought to + have done過(guò)去本應(yīng)做某事，但并沒(méi)有做否定：should not/ought not to + have doneEg. You should/ ought to have been kind to your husband.你不應(yīng)該與

15、你老公打架的.You shouldnt/ought not to have fought with your husband.must have done 過(guò)去一定做過(guò)或完成過(guò)某事，只用于肯定句中。 You must have heard of Xiaoshenyangs English name. He must have been mad last night.cant have done 只用于否定、疑問(wèn)句中，表示不可能做過(guò)某事 must have done 的否定形式 The moon cant have been full last night. He cant have finis

16、hed his homework today.could have done 可用于各種句式在否、疑中: couldnt have done = cant have done在肯中，有兩種含義：a.過(guò)去可能做過(guò)或完成某事： He could have been mad.b. 本能夠做某事，但沒(méi)做，有時(shí)含有委婉批評(píng) He could have married the girl he wanted to. You could have asked me for help.may have done 表示過(guò)去可能做過(guò)或者可能已經(jīng)完成了某事，只用于肯定句、否定句中：You may have heard

17、 of Xuriyanggang.You may not have heard of Xuriyanggang.neednt have done 表示過(guò)去本來(lái)沒(méi)必要做,但做了，譯為“本不必要”didnt need to do 表示過(guò)去沒(méi)必要做，也沒(méi)做We neednt have learnt so much English grammar.We didnt need to learn so much English grammar.判斷推測(cè)Mv+動(dòng)原(現(xiàn)在or將來(lái))Mv+have done(過(guò)去)mustcancouldmay/mightshouldought toneed一定、必定，只用于肯定句用于否、疑問(wèn)中，比較肯定的否定，cant意為：不可能，疑問(wèn)句中:可能嗎？可能、也許,可用于各種句式，could不是表示過(guò)去，而是不肯定的語(yǔ)氣?？赡?、也許，只用于肯定和否定句，不用于疑問(wèn)句，might不表示過(guò)去,而表示可能性比may小,更