(精校版)動詞不定式和分詞

1、編輯整理:尊敬的讀者朋友們：這里是精品文檔編輯中心，本文檔內(nèi)容是由我和我的同事精心編輯整理后發(fā)布的，發(fā)布之前我們對文中內(nèi)容進行仔細校對，但是難免會有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（完整word版,動詞不定式和 分詞）的內(nèi)容能夠給您的工作和學習帶來便利。同時也真誠的希望收到您的建議和反饋，這將是我 們進步的源泉，前進的動力。本文可編輯可修改,如果覺得對您有幫助請收藏以便隨時查閱,最后祝您生活愉快業(yè)績進步,以 下為完整word版，動詞不定式和分詞的全部內(nèi)容。2不定式在句子中可做主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語和賓語補語.1)不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。To comp Iete the 30 stor

2、ied bu iId i ng in one year was quite a difficuIt task。當主語較長，謂語較短時，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面.It is important for modern young peopIe to master at least two foreign languages It做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之后常用于下列結構中：a)It is +形容詞(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong。)+ (for/of

3、sb)+不定式11 is not easy to catch fish with your hands only。It is important for us young peopIe to learn EngIi sh and master it。b)It is +名詞(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, ones duty) +不定式It is a pity to have to go without heroc) It takes (sb。 )some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patien

4、ce。)+不定式11 takes me three hours to learn EngI ish each day。11 took them ha If the night to get home in the snow。2)不定式作表語不定式作表語常表示將來的動作， 主語常常是表示意向、 打算、 計劃的詞， 如wish,idea, task, purpose, duty, job等The most important thing for one，s heaI th i s to have pienty of exercise。What I wanted was to get the wor

5、k done as quickly as possible。3)不定式作賓語不定式常在下列動詞后面作賓語：afford, agree.rask, beg in,care, choose, des i gn decide, expect, fail, hope, , hateF,3I earn, like, manage, mea n, offer, plan, prepare, want等。I I i ke to go out for waIks i n the warm sunsh ine i n spr i ng.The room i s designed to be my stu dy,

6、 but now it has to be used as a bedroom for the chi ldrenoThere is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means() troubleo(CET-4 1997,1)A) mak i ng B) to make C) to have made D) shav i ng mademean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根據(jù)句意，他看起來非常生氣,他想找麻煩， 不定式的動作還沒有實施，應用一般式，因此答案為B。不定式作賓語還常用在下面結構

7、中； 主語+動詞+it +形容詞+不定式.We fou nd it impossible to get every thing ready in ti me。I think it impor tant to I ear n EngIi sh we I I in collegeo使用這種句型的常見動詞有：believe, feel, find, guess, imagine, prove, rsuppose, think,等.4)wh word +不定式” 結構不定式前力口一個疑問代詞(what, which, who, whom, whose)或疑問副詞(where, when, how, w

8、hy),以及連詞whether構成特殊的不定式短語，其作用When to start the program rema ins undecidedo The quest ion i s how to put the pI an into pract ice.5）不定式作狀語a）不定式作狀語表示目的或用于so as和in order之后，來強調(diào)這種目的。To I earn a fore i gn Ianguage well, you must make pa i nstaking efforts.b）不定式表示結果,牛寺另lj是在so.。 as to, such。 as to, only to.

9、。 以及too.to等結構中的不定式表示結果。I rushed to the station as fast as I could, on Iy to find the tra i n a I ready gone.c）不定式常用來修飾形容詞，構成下列詞組:be able to, be afraid to, , be ready to, be sure to.等。4It is I ikeIy to rain today, for it is very cloudy.6）不定式作賓語補語不定式常跟在下列動詞之后作賓語補語:ask, advise, , expect, feel, f ind, h

10、ear,have, . invite, letFmake, mean, notice, order, p teI I, watch, warn, watch等。He asked you to caI I him at ten oclock。當不定式在let, make, have, hear, look a t. I is ten to, feel, wat ch, noti ce, perceive（感覺到）等動詞后面作賓語補語時，不定式不帶to.Whenever someth ing i s wrong with you, pI ease do Iet me know。I wi I I h

11、ave the students wr ite a passage about InternetoIt seemed so Iong before he heard the stone hit the water.7）不定式作主補帶有賓語及賓語補足語結構的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，原來的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z， 賓補則變?yōu)橹餮a。加主補的動詞主要有：.believe, know, report, say, suppose等。Mr. Brown is said to have Ieft for Italy last weeko （It i s said that Mr. Brown left for Ita Iy

12、 lastweek.）8）不定式作定語a）不定式作定語通常要放在其所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。不定式常作下列的名詞定語anything, chance, decision, need, plan, r ight, time, way等。There i s no need to bother him with such tr if les She i s a very nice person to work with.b）由only, last, next,序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語.Mr o Zha ng i s a I ways the f i rs t man to arr

13、ive at the office and the las t man to leave。I don1t think he i s the best one to do the work.9）不帶to的不定式在下列詞組后面的不定式不帶to： wouId rather .。than（寧愿.也不），had better.o（最好）、cant help but。（不得不）.had5rathero。（寧愿），cannot but。o.（不得不，必然）,may/mi ght as well.。（不妨）,let alone（更不用說）。Youd bet ter retur n the books to t

14、he I i brary on time Ot herwi seFyou wi I I be fined。I car? t he Ip but wi sh that noth i ng wouId go wrong They had never seen such delicious food, let alone eat it。動詞的-ing形式作主語動詞的一ing形式是動詞的一種非謂語形式.由動詞原形加-ing構成,可以在句子中用作主 泳表泳賓語、賓語補語、狀語和定語。See ing i s be I ieving.眼見為實。Coming to Hangzhou by train take

15、s about 16 hours0乘火車到杭州要16個小時。It s nice talking with you。和你談話很高興。作表語動詞一ing可用來作表語.如:My favor ite sport is swimming。The i r job i s cIeaning the wi ndowo作賓語1。動詞-ing形式可以用作動詞、短語動詞和介詞的賓語。Jim disIikes eating chocolateo2。有些動詞和動詞短語后接作賓語的非限定性動詞時只能是一ing分詞,常見的這類動詞有:advise, dislike, enjoy, excuse, finish, face,

16、 give up, imagine, mention, min* mi ss, pardon,practise, resent, resist, suggesunderstand等。6The doctor adv i sed tak i ng more exerc i se.3o大部分“動詞+介詞”短語動詞,只能后接動詞一ing作賓語。 這些動詞短語有：think of, giveup, put off, be good atFdo we I I in, can t help, keep on, leave off, fee I I ike, be tired (afraid)of,等.以下為

17、to作介詞的短語有：be used to, look forward to, see to, get to, prefer to,Do you fee I I i ke hav ing a dr i nk?I prefer sw i mm i ng to pI ay ing basketball。4有些動詞既可能帶一ing分詞作賓語，也可以帶to不定式作賓語，但在語義上卻有很大的 差別。如：(1 Jchance to do碰巧去做某事chance doing冒險試一試做某事forget to do忘記要去做某事forget doing忘記曾做過某事go on to do接著又做另一件事go o

18、n doing繼續(xù)做同一件事remember to do記得要去做某事remember doing記得曾做過某事stop to do停下來去做某事stop doing停止做某事try to do努力做某事try doing試一試做某事(7)regret to do對將要做的事表示遺憾regret doing對做過的事表示遺憾7mean to do打算/想做某事mean doing意味著/意思是做某事作賓語補語I found the parade quite interesting to watch.這種用法通常用在下列幾類動詞中，后接賓語然后加上-ing分詞，構成復合賓語結構，-ing分詞充當

19、賓補成分。1。表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞,女口 ：see, hear, fee I, find, sme I I, watch, find, I i stento, look at, notice,等.如：There we found him watching TV.I heard someone knock i ng at the door2o在有些動詞（女口：describe, accept, think of,等）之后，可由as引岀一ing分詞詞組作賓補。如：They descr ibed the child as be i ng very clever.他們描述這孩子非常聰明。3o使役動

20、詞，如：set, keep, have, get, leave, catch等。如：Can you get my watch going again?你能使我的表再走起來嗎？This sets me thinking.這使我思考。作狀語 ing分詞作狀語表示在進行一動作的同時所進行的另一動作，它對謂語動詞起修飾和陪襯 的作用。分詞作狀語可以表示時間、原因、條件、讓步 結果、方式或伴隨情況。Having cleaned the rooms, we began to weed the garden。（時間）Coming into the room, she saw everybody a I re

21、ady at the i r work.（時間）Being ill, he cou Idn t go to schoolo（原因）Working di I igently, you wi I I certainly succeed （條件）8Granting the ach i evements to be great, there i s still something to be des i red （讓步）（盡管）成績是巨大的，（但）仍有一些要求改進的東西.My car was caugh t in a t raff ic jam, thus caus i ng the de I a y.（結果）Trav