北師大版必修三Unit 7講義

1、 .立體式復(fù)習(xí)單詞A基礎(chǔ)單詞1. _ vi. 參加2. _ vt. 評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)3._ n. 符號(hào)，記號(hào)4._ n. 航海，航空5._ vt. 說(shuō)服，勸服6._ adv. 最終，終于7._ vt. 禁止8._ adv. 完全9._ vt. 對(duì)付10._ vt. 講演，演示11._ n. 折扣，減價(jià)12._ vi& vi.度量（大小、長(zhǎng)短等）測(cè)量13._ vi. 逃跑14._ vt.辨認(rèn)出15._ n.& vt.辯論，爭(zhēng)論16._vt. 安排，準(zhǔn)備 _ n. 安排，籌備17._ vi.道歉 _ n.道歉18._ vt. 吸引 _ n. 吸引人的地方、人、物 _adj.吸引人的19._ adj.有才

2、智的，理解力強(qiáng)的 _ n.智力，理解力20._adj. 有活力的 _ n.精力，活力21._ vt. 教育 _ n.教育工作者 _ n.教育，培養(yǎng)22._ n.恐怖，恐懼 _ vt.令人感到恐懼 _ adj.使人感到恐懼的 _ adj.感到恐懼的23._ vi.幸存，生存下來(lái) _ n.幸存 _ n.幸存者24._ vt. 痊愈，康復(fù) _ n.痊愈，康復(fù)25._ vi.意見不合，不同意 _ n.分歧，爭(zhēng)論 _ vi.同意，贊成 _ n. 同意，贊成.遞進(jìn)式回顧短語(yǔ)A短語(yǔ)互譯1 參加2 填寫3 起航4 尋找，尋求5 謀生6 watch out7 all at once8 deal with9 ma

3、ke sure10 與某人分享某物11._ 根據(jù)，依據(jù)12._ 陷入困境，陷入麻煩13._ 到達(dá)14._ 朝的方向15._ 取，接載16._ 除之外，還有B用上面詞組的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子11To ，he had to sell newspapers.12Scientists are a cure for H7N9.13 for anybody trying to come in this way.14Ill go with her to she comes to no harm.15A wind arose，and rain drops began falling .1frightening

4、 adj.令人驚恐的；駭人的(教材P7)Its frightening to think it could happen again.frighten vt.使驚恐，嚇唬frighten o/out of (doing) sth.恐嚇某人做/不做某事frightened adj.受驚的，害怕的I got quite frightened when he lost his temper.Dont be frightened of making mistakes when you speak English.講英語(yǔ)時(shí)別害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。v.ing形式，意為“令人的”，多指事物；v.ed形式，

5、意為“感到的”，多用于指人。常見的分詞形容詞有：surprised/surprising；excited/exciting；interested/interesting；bored/boring；tired/tiring; pleased/pleasing；puzzled/puzzling；astonished/astonishing；shocked/shocking等。用frighten的適當(dāng)形式填空He was at seeing the animal.來(lái)吧，姑娘，沒(méi)什么可害怕的。Come on， girls，theres nothing .他恐嚇那位老太太簽了字據(jù)。He the pape

6、r.他聽到那聲音非常驚恐。He the sound.2persuade vt.說(shuō)服；勸說(shuō)He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.(教材P8)persuade sb.to do sth.persuade o doing sth. 說(shuō)服了某人做某事persuade sb.not to do sth.persuade sb.out of (doing) sth.說(shuō)服了某人不做某事persuade sb.that. 使某人信服某事persuasion n說(shuō)服，勸服persuasive adj.有說(shuō)服力的；能使人信服

7、的【提示】persuade表示結(jié)果說(shuō)服了；若表示“勸說(shuō)”的動(dòng)作，常用：try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。用persuade的適當(dāng)形式填空It had taken a great deal of to get him to give up smoking.She didnt doubt he could be very .It will be difficult to them that theres no other choices.那個(gè)推銷員說(shuō)服了我們買他的產(chǎn)品。_她說(shuō)服我買下了它。_你能勸她放棄她那個(gè)愚蠢的計(jì)劃嗎？_怎樣才

8、能使你相信我是真心實(shí)意的呢？_3apologise vt.道歉(美式英語(yǔ)拼寫作apologize)Mr Johnson apologised for the mistake.(教材P9)apologise for (doing) sth. 為(做)某事表示歉意apologise to sb.for (doing) sth. 為(做)某事向某人道歉她堅(jiān)持要為她兒子的不禮貌道歉。_apology n道歉make/offer an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而向某人道歉他因遲到而向老師道歉。_ _用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空I sincerely apologise

9、 whatever wrong I have done to you.You must apologise your friend being so late.If you see him，please give my apologies not having written to him.4ban vt.禁止 n禁令；禁止(教材P10)ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事ban on/against.禁止put a ban on.禁止remove/lift the ban on.解除對(duì)的禁令ban/forbidban官方(或輿論)對(duì)于道德上應(yīng)受強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)或反對(duì)的事物下令加

10、以禁止；在報(bào)刊語(yǔ)言中應(yīng)用廣泛。forbid正式用語(yǔ)，對(duì)象多半是與被禁止的人有直接或親密關(guān)系，如父母、醫(yī)生、主人、雇主等，帶有不許做某事、必須遵從囑咐或命令的意味。用ban，forbid的適當(dāng)形式填空The police lift the against parking in this street.We shouting loudly in the office.誰(shuí)也不許胡亂(randomly.)張貼布告。_政府已經(jīng)禁止使用化學(xué)武器(chemical weapons)._我禁止你在深夜給我打電話。_5present vt.講演；演示；贈(zèng)送；頒發(fā)；出席；到場(chǎng)How will you presen

11、t your project？(教材P11)present sth.to sb.把某物呈遞/贈(zèng)給某人present sb.with sth.贈(zèng)送/頒發(fā)某物給某人優(yōu)勝者被贈(zèng)予獎(jiǎng)品。_present n現(xiàn)在，目前；禮物，贈(zèng)品for the present就目前而言；暫時(shí)at presentat the present time現(xiàn)在，目前up to the present直到現(xiàn)在present adj.出席的，在場(chǎng)的；現(xiàn)在的，目前的目前我們沒(méi)有進(jìn)一步的消息。_【提示】present作為形容詞，作“在場(chǎng)的，出席的”講時(shí)放在被修飾詞的后面；而作為“現(xiàn)在的，目前的”講時(shí)放在被修飾詞的前面。出席會(huì)議的人 _

12、 現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)_翻譯句子At present，the girl present at the party is considering asking her father for the prize that just has been presented to him as a birthday present. 6escape vi.逃脫；逃跑Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape.(教材P14)escape sth.逃離危險(xiǎn)、災(zāi)難等escape from.從中逃離escape doing sth.逃避做某事escape n

13、逃跑；逃離；避免他成功越獄，但一個(gè)月后再次被警方逮捕。_他幸運(yùn)地逃脫了懲罰。_他們幾乎沒(méi)有逃脫的希望。_【提示】后面只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)而不能接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：avoid，miss，advise，finish，enjoy，admit，escape，risk，deny，stand，keep，practise等。7recognise vt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；認(rèn)可The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise me.(教材P15)I could hardly recognise him.They recogn

14、ised him as/to be a great leader.recognise sth.as.承認(rèn)是be recognised as.被公認(rèn)為recognise that.承認(rèn)；意識(shí)到recognition n認(rèn)識(shí)；認(rèn)出beyond recognition認(rèn)不出來(lái)Lawrences novel was eventually recognised as a work of genius.Illness and age had changed her beyond recognition.短語(yǔ)1In 982 AD，when a man called Eric the Red decided

15、to set sail further west，there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living in Iceland.(教材P8)set sail起航The light faded as we set sail from the harbor.The ship will set sail for London at once.set about著手，開始做(doing sth.) set out出發(fā)，開始做(to do sth.)set off出發(fā)，啟程；引起 set aside節(jié)省；保留set up建立；樹立 set down寫下；放下set fre

16、e釋放【對(duì)接高考】(2013湖北高考)In much of the animal world, night is the time for sleeppure and simple.Aset aside Bset down Cset off Dset up用恰當(dāng)?shù)母痹~填空We also set some meat for elderly people.If you drop a lighted cigarette，you could set a fire.He set learning Chinese at age ten.Today we have accomplished what we

17、set to do.Walk down the road for 2 miles，please.2According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder，for which he got into trouble.(教材P8)get into trouble陷入麻煩；陷入困境Even an experienced climber can get into trouble.If you break la

18、w again，you will get into trouble.in trouble處于困境或險(xiǎn)境take the trouble to do sth.不厭其煩地干某事have trouble (in) doing/with sth.做有困難look/ask for trouble找麻煩make trouble制造麻煩get o trouble使某人陷入困境完成句子在大城市里，他總是一出門就遇到麻煩。 He is always when he is out in a big city.難道你不是在自找麻煩嗎？Arent you ？小心點(diǎn)，否則你會(huì)給她惹麻煩的。Watch out

19、，or youll .你總是給自己找麻煩。_ 那些淘氣的男孩子經(jīng)常來(lái)?yè)v亂。_3make it to到達(dá)Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of which only 14 made it to Greenland.(教材P8)make it成功做到；出席；到場(chǎng)Can you make it to Lilys birthday party tomorrow?All I have to do is make it to the dock on the north side.make up編造；構(gòu)成；打扮；彌補(bǔ)make sense(使)有

20、意義；講得通make use of利用make out(勉強(qiáng)地)看出；聽出；理解make it big大獲成功；走紅make ones way去，前往【對(duì)接高考】(2013陜西高考)Shall we go for a drink at one oclock this afternoon? .Will two oclock be OK?ASure，its up to you BSure, no problemCSorry, I cant make it DSorry, Im not available today完成句子我認(rèn)為這周末我不能去參加聚會(huì)。I dont think I would th

21、e party this weekend.汽車是由許多零件構(gòu)成的。A car is many different parts.你說(shuō)的話沒(méi)有意義(講不通)。What you said .4in search of尋找；尋求Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland，a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Erics party.(教材P8)in ones/the search for 尋找；尋求；在尋找的過(guò)程中search sb.for sth. 搜查某人尋找某物se

22、arch somewhere(for sb./sth.) 在某地搜尋(某人或某物)search for sb./sth. 尋找某人/物search into調(diào)查，追究search through把仔細(xì)搜查一遍用search短語(yǔ)填空Michael went away water to drink.I the book everywhere.He all the drawers for the key. 他們徹底搜索了整個(gè)洞穴，但是，除了一只空的皮箱以外什么也沒(méi)找到。_ 5long before很久以前They achieved this long before Columbus ever set

23、 sail.(教材P8)He said he had read the book long before.It was long before.過(guò)了很久才It was not long before.沒(méi)過(guò)多久就It will not be long before.要不了多久就會(huì)It will be long before.要過(guò)很久才It was long before I fell asleep.It was not long before my mother came back.It will not be long before my brother goes abroad. long b

24、efore/before longlong before意為“在以前很久”，用于過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)的句子中。接從句時(shí)before為連詞；接名詞、數(shù)詞或代詞時(shí)before為介詞；什么都不接時(shí)before是副詞。before long意為“不久，很快”，相當(dāng)于soon，用于過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)和現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中，且只能單獨(dú)作狀語(yǔ)，后面不接從句。Mary came back before long.用long before，before long填空I had known her graduation. ，a truck stopped in front of her house.6make sense有意

25、義；講得通Read them in that order to see if the story makes sense.(教材P14)make sense of理解，弄懂in a sense在某種意義上in no sense決不(位于句首時(shí)句子用倒裝語(yǔ)序)Theres no sense in doing sth.做某事沒(méi)有意義完成句子我看不懂那幅畫。I cant that painting.從某種意義上說(shuō)，這事已無(wú)關(guān)緊要了。 ，it doesnt matter any more.你所說(shuō)的沒(méi)有任何意義。_Maybe what you said makes sense in a sense，bu

26、t I cant make sense of it；so in no sense will I follow you.7pick up(從海里或危險(xiǎn)處)搭救；營(yíng)救In the end，a boat picked me up.(教材P15)AirSea Rescue picked up the drowning fisherman after receiving an SOS message.pick up還有其他意義：拾起，拿起(偶然)學(xué)會(huì)，得到增加振作起來(lái)，恢復(fù)健康收拾，整理接收(節(jié)目)翻譯句子I am a taxi driver.Sometimes I need to pick up sp

27、eed to pick up passengers；I also like to pick up radio programmes to make my spirits pick up. He picked up a set of rare stamps at a secondhand shop.The speed of the train began to pick up.His spirits pick up.I can pick up BBC News.8break off使折斷；中止(談話或關(guān)系)；(使)突然結(jié)束And if it breaks off an arm in an acc

28、ident，the starfish grows the arm back again.(教材P19)break away from 脫離break down (機(jī)器等)發(fā)生故障，破壞，分解break into 闖入(后面可接賓語(yǔ))break in 闖入(后面不接賓語(yǔ))break out 爆發(fā)break up 解散，驅(qū)散用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空The machine must break at this busy hour.Robbers often breaks at midnight.We had been warned of the risk that fire could break .

29、The crowd started to break when the night fell.Why dont you break a branch off the tree and make a walking stick?I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.Cant you break away from old habits?Police were called in to break up the meeting.句型1.The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach Ame

30、rica.(教材P8)北歐海盜是第一批到達(dá)美洲的歐洲人。句中不定式短語(yǔ)to reach America作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾the first Europeans。當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，常用不定式(短語(yǔ))作后置定語(yǔ)。He is always the first to come and the last to leave.英語(yǔ)中常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)的情況：被修飾詞為序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)；不定代詞something，nothing，little等后常用不定式作定語(yǔ)；抽象名詞time，way，reason，chance，ability，courage，opport

31、unity，wish等后常用不定式作定語(yǔ)；被修飾詞前有the only，the very，the next等詞對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾時(shí)；表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)(既有主動(dòng)形式，也有被動(dòng)形式)；there be句型中，作主語(yǔ)的名詞后可接不定式作定語(yǔ)。給他拿點(diǎn)東西吃。_失敗后我沒(méi)有勇氣再去嘗試一次。_她是唯一一位當(dāng)選該職位的女性。_沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的。_【對(duì)接高考】(2013北京高考)Volunteering gives you a chance lives, including your own.A changeBchanging Cchanged Dto change完成句子The next train (到達(dá)

32、的)is from Washington.Do you have anything (要說(shuō)的)on the question?My wish (游覽法國(guó)的)has come true at last.2Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric，but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land，from where he eventually reached Greenland.(教材P8)(1)句中found himself in an unkno

33、wn island是個(gè)“find賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的句式，其中賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、名詞等?！緦?duì)接高考】(2011浙江高考)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.AloseBlost Cto lose Dhaving lost完成句子When he woke up he (發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院里)Sooner or later youll (發(fā)現(xiàn)杰克是一個(gè)明智的人)He (發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被包圍)by a group of boys.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很難理解。_ 當(dāng)我回到家時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)門鎖著。_我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他

34、們?cè)谲囌镜戎覀?。_3Leif followed Biarnis directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of presentday Canada.(教材P8)賴伊夫依照比阿尼的指點(diǎn)，航行到據(jù)說(shuō)是現(xiàn)在的加拿大海岸所在地。what is believed to be the coast of presentday Canada為介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，由what引導(dǎo)，what在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。what作連接代詞的用法：引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的what，可在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。具有疑問(wèn)代詞性質(zhì)的what，意為“什么，什么樣的

35、”。在名詞前表示感嘆的what，意為“多么”。具有關(guān)系代詞性質(zhì)的what，意為“的”。what在此相當(dāng)于“the名詞that”或者all that，既包含了先行詞也包含了關(guān)系代詞。I dont know what he needs. Only then did I recognize what silly mistakes I had made.What(The thing that)happened after that was interesting.China is no longer what(the China that)it used to be.中國(guó)再也不是以前的中國(guó)了。(wha

36、t在表語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ))【對(duì)接高考】(2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich Bwhere Chow Dwhat完成句子他不是幾年前的他了。 He is not a few years ago.我們現(xiàn)在的收入是十年前的兩倍。 Our income is now double .這就是他們稱作鹽湖城的地方。 they call Salt Lake City.4.“with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”在句中可作狀語(yǔ)，也可作定語(yǔ)。其主要構(gòu)成如下：with賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)I cant focus my attention

37、on my study with the boys _.孩子們大喊大叫，我不能集中注意力學(xué)習(xí)。Tom went out to play with his homework _.湯姆未做完家庭作業(yè)就出去玩了。The manager was very worried with so many problems _.有這么多問(wèn)題要解決，經(jīng)理很著急。完成句子由于有許多工作要做，他很焦急。 ，he was very anxious.由于天氣暖和，我們都想去散散步。 ，we all like to go out for a walk.在這個(gè)導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下，我們毫不費(fèi)力地找到那個(gè)神秘的山洞。 ，we had

38、no difficulty in finding that mysterious cave.5One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full of fish.(教材P14)our boat full of fish是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀況。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞形容詞(短語(yǔ))Computers very small，we can use them widely. 電腦雖小，我們卻能廣泛地利用它們。The clothes very dirty，youd better wash

39、 them immediately.衣服很臟，你快點(diǎn)兒洗洗吧！構(gòu)成：名詞/代詞形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/現(xiàn)在分詞/過(guò)去分詞/不定式作用：在句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、原因、條件、行為方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，多用于書面語(yǔ)中。The light still on in the room，he went out.(伴隨狀語(yǔ)) The professor entered the classroom，a book in his hand.(伴隨狀語(yǔ))Weather permitting，were going to visit you tomorrow.(條件狀語(yǔ))His homework done，he went out to

40、 play football.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))So many people to help him，he is sure to succeed.(原因狀語(yǔ))【提示】獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同，它獨(dú)立存在。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與句子隔開?！緦?duì)接高考】(2012新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)The party will be held in the garden，weather .ApermittingBto permit Cpermitted Dpermit用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)完成句子 (由于是星期天)，we neednt go to school today. (他妻子病了)，he had to stay

41、 at home looking after her.The girl rushed in the room， (氣得臉通紅) (作業(yè)做完了)，the students returned home happily.觀察下列從Reading中選取的句子，體會(huì)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of which only 14 made it to Greenland.Eric reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place whe

42、re he landed.Biarni was the man with whom Leif discussed his plans.By around 900AD，there were many places in Northern Europe where the Vikings chose to live.自我總結(jié)以上四句均為復(fù)合句，每句中都含有一個(gè) 。其中句的 分別為25 ships；the man， 前均有介詞。句的 分別為the place；many places， 都是where。關(guān)系副詞和“介詞關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常要

43、用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。常用的關(guān)系副詞有where，when，why等。一、關(guān)系副詞where1where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞(如place，room，house，spot，school，country等)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。They went into the hall where the meeting was being held.他們走進(jìn)正在開會(huì)的大廳。2where可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。Galileo lived in the city of Pisa，where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high.伽利

44、略住在比薩城，那里有座大約180英尺高的斜塔。3關(guān)系副詞where?？捎谩敖樵~關(guān)系代詞”構(gòu)成的表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)代替。The office where(at which)he works is not far from here.他工作的辦公室離這兒不遠(yuǎn)。Japan is the place where (in which) earthquakes frequently happen.日本是地震頻繁爆發(fā)的地方?！疽呻y辨析】where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，where是關(guān)系副詞，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，其前有表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞，從句修飾先行詞；引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，where是從屬

45、連詞，從句修飾主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，where前面沒(méi)有表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。Hes got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.(定語(yǔ)從句)他使自己陷入了一種危險(xiǎn)的情況，他很可能會(huì)失去對(duì)飛機(jī)的控制。When you read the book，youd better make a mark where you have questions.(狀語(yǔ)從句)讀這本書的時(shí)候，你最好在有疑問(wèn)的地方作一下標(biāo)記。二、關(guān)系副詞when1when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞(如time，day，week，month，year等)，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。He came at a time when I least expected him.他在我最意料不到的時(shí)候來(lái)了。Ill never forget the day when I left for college with my father.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我和父親動(dòng)身去大學(xué)的那天。2when可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。In the old days，when I was a little boy，the city had no industry to speak of.在過(guò)去，那時(shí)我還小，這個(gè)城市沒(méi)有工業(yè)可言