獨(dú)主主格結(jié)構(gòu)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件

1、Language Study獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(1)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的形式獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的形式 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)可分為兩部分獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)可分為兩部分,一一部分是名詞或代詞部分是名詞或代詞(主格主格), 起著邏起著邏輯主語(yǔ)的作用輯主語(yǔ)的作用; 另一部分由形容詞、另一部分由形容詞、副詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介副詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)等構(gòu)成詞短語(yǔ)等構(gòu)成,表示前面名詞或代表示前面名詞或代詞的狀態(tài)詞的狀態(tài),狀況或動(dòng)作。狀況或動(dòng)作。 名詞名詞/代詞代詞+形容詞形容詞 His leg broken, he was not able to come to my birthday party. He st

2、ood silent in the moonlight, his door open. 名詞名詞/代詞代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 Winter coming, it gets colder and colder. 冬天來(lái)了冬天來(lái)了, 天氣越來(lái)越冷了。天氣越來(lái)越冷了。 The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk. 雨停了雨停了,他出去散步。他出去散步。 名詞名詞/代詞代詞+過去分詞過去分詞 More time given, we should have done it must better. 如果給我們更多的時(shí)間如果給我們更多的時(shí)間,我們會(huì)我們會(huì)

3、做得更好。做得更好。 The boy stood there, his right hand raised. 那個(gè)男生站在那里那個(gè)男生站在那里,高舉右手。高舉右手。 名詞名詞/代詞（主格）代詞（主格）+不不定式定式 Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month. 這是前兩卷這是前兩卷, 第三卷將于下第三卷將于下月問世。月問世。 The two boys said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to his friends.

4、 兩個(gè)男孩彼此道了別兩個(gè)男孩彼此道了別,一個(gè)一個(gè)回了家回了家,另一個(gè)去了他朋友家。另一個(gè)去了他朋友家。 名詞名詞/代詞代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ) The hunter entered the forest, gun in hand. 那位獵人手里提著槍走進(jìn)了樹林。那位獵人手里提著槍走進(jìn)了樹林。 注意：這里注意：這里gun in hand 還可以說成還可以說成with a gun in his hand , 但不可以說但不可以說a gun in hand或或gun in his hand. 名詞名詞/代詞代詞+副詞副詞 Nobody in, the thief took a lot of thing

5、s away. 由于無(wú)人看著由于無(wú)人看著,小偷拿走了許多東西。小偷拿走了許多東西。 Lunch over, he left the house. But he was thinking. 吃過午飯后吃過午飯后, 他離開了屋子。但他還在他離開了屋子。但他還在思考。思考。 (2)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于描獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于描繪性文字中繪性文字中,其作用相當(dāng)于一其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句,常用來(lái)表示時(shí)間、常用來(lái)表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、行為方式或伴原因、條件、行為方式或伴隨情況等。隨情況等。 表示時(shí)間表示時(shí)間 Her work done, she sat do

6、wn for a cup of tea. 她干完了活她干完了活, 坐下來(lái)喝茶。坐下來(lái)喝茶。 表示條件表示條件 The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若條件有利若條件有利, 他或許能成功。他或許能成功。 表示原因表示原因 There being no taxis, we had to walk. 沒有出租車沒有出租車, 我們只好步行。我們只好步行。 表示伴隨情況表示伴隨情況 Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 幾乎所有的金屬都是良導(dǎo)體幾乎

7、所有的金屬都是良導(dǎo)體, 而銀則而銀則是最好的導(dǎo)體。是最好的導(dǎo)體。練練: It was a pity that the great writer died _ his works unfinished. A. for B. with C. from D. ofB簡(jiǎn)析簡(jiǎn)析:此題考查由此題考查由with引導(dǎo)的獨(dú)立引導(dǎo)的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)主格結(jié)構(gòu), 即即“with+賓賓(n ./ pron.)+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)(adj. /adv. /v.- ing /p.p./prep-phrase)”。句意。句意為為“作品還沒有完成作品還沒有完成, 這位偉這位偉大的作家就去世了大的作家就去世了,真是令人真是令人遺憾遺憾”。故選

8、。故選B。can couldmay mightshall shouldmustwill would 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ought tohave todare (darent)need (neednt)used to 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 Choose the best answer for each blank.1.Tom, you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like this! (2005 全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷I) A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may notB2. John, look at the time. _

9、 you play the piano at such a later hour? (2005 全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷III) A. Must B. Can C. May D. NeedA3. He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside. (2005 北京北京) A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cantB4. Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary. She _. Ive already borr

10、owed one. (2005 湖南湖南) A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldntC5. Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today? Something _ to him. (2005 江江西西) A. must happen B. should have happened C. would have happened D. must have happenedD6. Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him any where. Well.

11、He _ have gone for his coats still here. (2005 湖北湖北) A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldntC7. If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. (2005 湖北湖北) A. would B. could C. had to D. ought toB8. Catherine, I have cleaned the room for

12、you. Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself. (2005 福建福建) A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have doneB9. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour. (2005 重慶重慶) A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have don