Minitab操作指南ppt課件

1、MinitabMinitab操作指南操作指南統(tǒng)計(jì) DOE 田口法 創(chuàng)建田口設(shè)計(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì) DOE 田口法 分析田口設(shè)計(jì)一、正交表試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)二、測量系統(tǒng)分析二、測量系統(tǒng)分析線性與偏倚分析線性與偏倚分析MINITABMINITAB提供五種進(jìn)行測量系統(tǒng)精確性分析的方提供五種進(jìn)行測量系統(tǒng)精確性分析的方法，法，1 1Gage Run Chart,Gage Run Chart,2 2Gage R&R (Crossed) ,Gage R&R (Crossed) ,3 3Gage R&R (Nested), Gage R&R (Nested), 4 4Attribute Gage St

2、udy (Analytic Method)Attribute Gage Study (Analytic Method)Gage linearity and bias study Statquality toolsgage studygage linearity and bias study輸入?yún)?shù)這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)怎么來的？這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)怎么來的？輸出結(jié)果輸出結(jié)果R Re ef fe er re en nc ce e V Va al lu ue eB Bi ia as s1086421.00.50.0-0.5-1.00Regression95% CIDataAvg BiasP Pe er rc ce en n

3、t tBiasLinearity1050Gage LinearitySlope-0.131670.010930.000PredictorCoefSE CoefPConstant0.736670.072520.000S0.23954R-Sq71.4%Linearity 2.16913%Linearity13.2Gage Bias20.4916673.00.00040.1250000.80.35460.025000Reference0.20.6678-0.2916671.80.00010-0.6166673.70.000Bias%BiasPAverage-0.0533330.30.089Gage

4、name:Date of study: Reported by:Tolerance:Misc:P Pe er rc ce en nt t o of f P Pr ro oc ce es ss s V Va ar ri ia at ti io on nG Ga ag ge e L Li in ne ea ar ri it ty y a an nd d B Bi ia as s S St tu ud dy y f fo or r 測測量量值值 Gage Run ChartGage Run Chart提供各測量數(shù)據(jù)的鏈圖，幫助你分提供各測量數(shù)據(jù)的鏈圖，幫助你分析不同的操作者和工件之間測量結(jié)果的差異；

5、析不同的操作者和工件之間測量結(jié)果的差異； Gage R&R (Crossed) Gage R&R (Crossed) 用于分析當(dāng)每一被測工件都可用于分析當(dāng)每一被測工件都可以被多個(gè)操作者重復(fù)測量時(shí)的以被多個(gè)操作者重復(fù)測量時(shí)的GR&RGR&R分析；分析； Gage R&R (Nested) Gage R&R (Nested) 用于分析當(dāng)每一被測工件不可用于分析當(dāng)每一被測工件不可以被多個(gè)操作者重復(fù)測量即進(jìn)行破壞性測量時(shí)的以被多個(gè)操作者重復(fù)測量即進(jìn)行破壞性測量時(shí)的GR&RGR&R分析；上述三種選擇均針對計(jì)量型連續(xù)型分析；上述三種選擇均針對

6、計(jì)量型連續(xù)型數(shù)據(jù)而言。數(shù)據(jù)而言。 Attribute Gage Study (Analytic Method)Attribute Gage Study (Analytic Method)則是針則是針對計(jì)數(shù)型邏輯型數(shù)據(jù)的分析。對計(jì)數(shù)型邏輯型數(shù)據(jù)的分析。MinitabMinitab中操作中操作 statquality toolsgage studygage R&R study (crossed)； MINITAB提供了兩種分析方法，X BAR and R法和ANOVA法，可以在在進(jìn)行實(shí)際分析時(shí)選擇兩者中的一個(gè)。其中前者將總體偏差分解為工件與工件之間part-to-part的偏差，重復(fù)性re

7、peatability及再現(xiàn)性reproducibility三種，而后者則進(jìn)一步將再現(xiàn)性reproducibility分化為操作者偏差及操作者與被測工件之間的交互偏差， 由上，我們建議一般采用ANOVA法進(jìn)行計(jì)量型數(shù)據(jù)的非破壞性的測試的測量系統(tǒng)分析，不推薦使用X BAR and R方法。 在對話框中設(shè)置如下，選擇ANOVA方法 點(diǎn)擊 “gage info”, 輸入量具信息，點(diǎn)擊“options”,輸入設(shè)置選項(xiàng)如下圖USL - LSL=0.50上規(guī)范限 (USL)下規(guī)范限 (LSL) 分別點(diǎn)擊OK后即可得分析結(jié)果如下：P P e e r r c c e e n n t tPart-to-Part

8、ReprodRepeatGage R&R100500% Contribution% Study Var% ToleranceS S a a m m p p l l e e R R a a n n g g e e30150_R=10.55UCL=34.47LCL=0HRS S a a m m p p l l e e M M e e a a n n354034803420_X=3505.3UCL=3525.2LCL=3485.5HR樣樣機(jī)機(jī)編編號號10987654321352034403360試試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)人人員員RH352034403360樣樣機(jī)機(jī)編編號號A A v v e e r r a a

9、 g g e e10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1354034803420試驗(yàn)人員HRGage name:平衡型量熱計(jì)Date of study: Reported by: wen-hui zhouTolerance:Misc:C Co om mp po on ne en nt ts s o of f V Va ar ri ia at ti io on nR R C Ch ha ar rt t b by y 試試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)人人員員X Xb ba ar r C Ch ha ar rt t b by y 試試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)人人員員觀觀測測值值 b by y 樣樣機(jī)機(jī)編編號號觀觀測測值值 b by y 試試驗(yàn)

10、驗(yàn)人人員員 試試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)人人員員 * * 樣樣機(jī)機(jī)編編號號 I In nt te er ra ac ct ti io on n平平衡衡型型量量熱熱計(jì)計(jì)Gage R&R study (Nested) Stat Quality Tools Gage Study Gage R&R Study (Nested). 同一測量部件不能被多個(gè)測量員測量，但可由同一測量員測量多次。 在對話框中設(shè)置如下， 分別點(diǎn)擊OK后即可得分析結(jié)果如下：P P e e r r c c e e n n t tPart-to-PartReprodRepeatGage R&R100500% Contributi

11、on% Study VarS S a a m m p p l l e e R R a a n n g g e e420_R=1.467UCL=4.792LCL=0ABCS S a a m m p p l l e e M M e e a a n n500.0497.5495.0_X=497.6UCL=500.358LCL=494.842ABC測量人員標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件號CBA151296314118521310741500498496測測量量人人員員CBA500498496Gage name:Date of study: Reported by:Tolerance:Misc:C Co om mp po on

12、 ne en nt ts s o of f V Va ar ri ia at ti io on nR R C Ch ha ar rt t b by y 測測量量人人員員X Xb ba ar r C Ch ha ar rt t b by y 測測量量人人員員測測量量讀讀數(shù)數(shù) B By y 標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)件件號號 ( ( 測測量量人人員員 ) )測測量量讀讀數(shù)數(shù) b by y 測測量量人人員員G Ga ag ge e R R& &R R ( (N Ne es st te ed d) ) f fo or r 測測量量讀讀數(shù)數(shù)Attribute Gage Study statquality

13、toolsgage Attribute Gage Study (Analytic Method). MINITAB提供了兩種數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的分析，一為頻數(shù)表，二為原始數(shù)據(jù)。在這里我們使用頻數(shù)表數(shù)據(jù)。 在對話框中設(shè)置如下， 分別點(diǎn)擊OK后即可得分析結(jié)果如下：R Re ef fe er re en nc ce e V Va al lu ue e o of f M Me ea as su ur re ed d P Pa ar rt tP Pe er rc ce en nt t o of f A Ac cc ce ep pt ta an nc ce e1.71.61.51.41.3999580502051R

14、 Re ef fe er re en nc ce e V Va al lu ue e o of f M Me ea as su ur re ed d P Pa ar rt tP Pr ro ob ba ab bi il li it ty y o of f A Ac cc ce ep pt ta an nc ce e1.81.51.21.00.50.0L LimitBias:-0.196316Pre-adjusted Repeatability: 0.496174Repeatability:0.459420Fitted Line: -15.5359 + 10.3828 * ReferenceR

15、- sq for Fitted Line: 0.964406AIAG Test of Bias = 0 vs not = 0TDFP-Value-13.390419 0.0000000Gage name:Date of study: Reported by:Tolerance:Misc:A At tt tr ri ib bu ut te e G Ga ag ge e S St tu ud dy y ( (A An na al ly yt ti ic c M Me et th ho od d) ) f fo or r 接接收收數(shù)數(shù)Gage Run ChartGage Run Chart Stat

16、 Quality Tools Gage Study Gage Run Chart. 提供各測量數(shù)據(jù)的鏈圖，幫助你分析不同提供各測量數(shù)據(jù)的鏈圖，幫助你分析不同的操作者和工件之間測量結(jié)果的差異；的操作者和工件之間測量結(jié)果的差異； 在對話框中設(shè)置如下， 分別點(diǎn)擊OK后即可得分析結(jié)果如下：O Op pe er ra at to or rM Me ea as su ur re em me en nt tMean20-220-2Mean12345678910OperatorCABGage name:Date of study: Reported by:Tolerance:Misc:Panel variab

17、le: PartG Ga ag ge e R Ru un n C Ch ha ar rt t o of f M Me ea as su ur re em me en nt t b by y P Pa ar rt t, , O Op pe er ra at to or rMINITABMINITAB計(jì)量型工序能力指數(shù)分析的操計(jì)量型工序能力指數(shù)分析的操作作 Capability Analysis (Normal) Capability Analysis (Between/Within) Capability Analysis (Weibull) Capability Sixpack (Normal

18、) Capability Sixpack (Between/Within) Capability Sixpack (Weibull)Capability Analysis (Normal) 該命令會(huì)劃出帶理論正態(tài)曲線的直方圖，這可該命令會(huì)劃出帶理論正態(tài)曲線的直方圖，這可直觀評估數(shù)據(jù)的正態(tài)性。輸出報(bào)告中還包含過直觀評估數(shù)據(jù)的正態(tài)性。輸出報(bào)告中還包含過程能力統(tǒng)計(jì)表，包括子組內(nèi)和總體能力統(tǒng)計(jì)。程能力統(tǒng)計(jì)表，包括子組內(nèi)和總體能力統(tǒng)計(jì)。 操作：操作：MINITAB-STAT-QUALITY MINITAB-STAT-QUALITY TOOL - NORMALTOOL - NORMAL案例案例樣本樣本X1

19、X1X2X2X3X3X4X4X5X51 199.7099.7098.7298.72100.24100.24101.28101.28101.20101.202 299.3299.32100.97100.97100.87100.8799.2499.2498.2198.213 399.8999.8999.8399.83101.48101.4899.5699.56100.90100.904 499.1599.1599.7199.7199.1799.1799.3099.3098.8098.805 599.6699.66100.80100.80101.06101.06101.16101.16100.451

20、00.456 697.7497.7498.8298.8299.2499.2498.6498.6498.7398.737 7101.18101.18100.24100.2499.6299.6299.3399.3399.9199.918 8101.54101.54100.96100.96100.62100.62100.67100.67100.49100.499 9101.49101.49100.67100.6799.3699.36100.38100.38102.10102.10101097.1697.1698.2698.2697.5997.59100.09100.0999.7899.78 現(xiàn)有某工

21、序的五組樣本數(shù)據(jù)如下，已知上規(guī)格103下規(guī)格97，規(guī)格中心100，求其工序能力指數(shù)。輸入選項(xiàng)輸入選項(xiàng)輸入上下規(guī)格界限根據(jù)不同的數(shù)據(jù)輸入方式選擇分析方法Box-Cox轉(zhuǎn)換選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差的估計(jì)方法一般選擇復(fù)合的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差估計(jì)方式選項(xiàng)的輸入如果需要如果需要計(jì)算計(jì)算CpmCpm則需要輸則需要輸入目標(biāo)值入目標(biāo)值過程能力表現(xiàn)形式的選擇103102101100999897LSLTargetUSLProcess DataSample N50StDev(Within)0.870623StDev(Overall)1.13059LSL97Target100USL103Sample Mean99.9056Potential

22、(Within) CapabilityOverall CapabilityPp0.88PPL0.86PPU0.91Ppk0.86CpmCp0.891.15CPL1.11CPU1.18Cpk1.11Observed PerformancePPM USL0.00PPM Total0.00Exp. Within PerformancePPM USL189.54PPM Total612.40Exp. Overall PerformancePPM USL3100.28PPM Total8185.36WithinOverallP Pr ro oc ce es ss s C Ca ap pa ab bi i

23、l li it ty y o of f X X1 1, , . . . ., , X X5 5以以Cpk, PpkCpk, Ppk結(jié)果的輸出結(jié)果的輸出樣本數(shù)值超過分析樣本數(shù)值超過分析規(guī)格界限的分布率規(guī)格界限的分布率模擬曲線落在控制模擬曲線落在控制線以外的分布率線以外的分布率103102101100999897LSLTargetUSLProcess DataSample N50StDev(Within)0.870623StDev(Overall)1.13059LSL97Target100USL103Sample Mean99.9056Potential (Within) CapabilityOv

24、erall CapabilityZ.Bench2.40Z.LSL2.57Z.USL2.74Ppk0.86CpmZ.Bench0.893.23Z.LSL3.34Z.USL3.55Cpk1.11Observed PerformancePPM USL0.00PPM Total0.00Exp. Within PerformancePPM USL189.54PPM Total612.40Exp. Overall PerformancePPM USL3100.28PPM Total8185.36WithinOverallP Pr ro oc ce es ss s C Ca ap pa ab bi il l

25、i it ty y o of f X X1 1, , . . . ., , X X5 5以以ZbenchZbench方式輸出方式輸出Z Z能力是指能力是指（Usl-LslUsl-Lsl）/2/23Cpk3CpkCapability Analysis (Between/Within) 該命令會(huì)劃出帶理論正態(tài)曲線的直方圖，可以直觀評估數(shù)據(jù)的正態(tài)性。 該命令適用于子組間存在較大變差的場合。輸出報(bào)告中還包含過程能力統(tǒng)計(jì)表，包括子組間子組內(nèi)和總體能力統(tǒng)計(jì)。 操作：MINITAB-STAT-QUALITY TOOL - Between/Within103102101100999897LSLTargetUS

26、LProcess DataSample N50StDev(Between)0.917237StDev(Within)0.870623StDev(B/W)1.26464StDev(Overall)1.13059LSL97Target100.5USL103Sample Mean99.9056B/W CapabilityOverall CapabilityPp0.88PPL0.86PPU0.91Ppk0.86CpmCp0.650.79CPL0.77CPU0.82Cpk0.77Observed PerformancePPM USL0.00PPM Total0.00Exp. B/W Performanc

27、ePPM USL7205.19PPM Total 17998.16Exp. Overall PerformancePPM USL3100.28PPM Total8185.36B/WOverallB Be et tw we ee en n/ /W Wi it th hi in n C Ca ap pa ab bi il li it ty y o of f X X1 1, , . . . ., , X X5 5Capability Analysis Capability Analysis (Nonnormal)(Nonnormal) 此項(xiàng)的分析是用在當(dāng)制程不是呈現(xiàn)正態(tài)分布時(shí)此項(xiàng)的分析是用在當(dāng)制程不

28、是呈現(xiàn)正態(tài)分布時(shí)所使用。因?yàn)槿绻瞥滩皇钦龖B(tài)分布硬用正態(tài)所使用。因?yàn)槿绻瞥滩皇钦龖B(tài)分布硬用正態(tài)分布來分析時(shí)，容易產(chǎn)生誤差，所以此時(shí)可以分布來分析時(shí)，容易產(chǎn)生誤差，所以此時(shí)可以使用其它分布來進(jìn)行分析，會(huì)更貼近真實(shí)現(xiàn)像。使用其它分布來進(jìn)行分析，會(huì)更貼近真實(shí)現(xiàn)像。 操作：操作：MINITAB-STAT-QUALITY MINITAB-STAT-QUALITY TOOL - NonnormalTOOL - Nonnormal練習(xí)練習(xí) 請使用同前之?dāng)?shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行分析。請使用同前之?dāng)?shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行分析。 上規(guī)格：上規(guī)格：103103 下規(guī)格：下規(guī)格：9797 規(guī)格中心：規(guī)格中心：100100輸入相關(guān)參數(shù)輸入相關(guān)參

29、數(shù) Select: Stat Quality Tools Nonnormal填入選項(xiàng)要求結(jié)果圖形結(jié)果圖形10310210110099989796LSLTargetUSLProcess DataSample N50Shape102.7Scale100.439LSL97Target100USL103Sample Mean 99.9056Overall CapabilityPp0.74PPL0.52PPU1.31Ppk0.52Observed PerformancePPM USL 0PPM Total 0Exp. Overall PerformancePPM USL1.7PPM Total 2754

30、5.6P Pr ro oc ce es ss s C Ca ap pa ab bi il li it ty y o of f X X1 1, , . . . ., , X X5 5Calculations Based on Weibull Distribution ModelMinitabMinitab可提供的控制圖可提供的控制圖 計(jì)量型計(jì)量型 Xbar-RXbar-R Xbar-sXbar-s I-MRI-MR I-MR-sI-MR-s Z-MRZ-MR 計(jì)數(shù)型計(jì)數(shù)型 P P NpNp C C U UXbar-R Select: StatControl Chart Select: StatC

31、ontrol Chart Variables charts for subgroups Xbar-R Variables charts for subgroups Xbar-R輸入?yún)?shù)輸入?yún)?shù)判別準(zhǔn)則判別準(zhǔn)則輸出結(jié)果輸出結(jié)果S Sa am mp pl le eS Sa am mp pl le e M Me ea an n252321191715131197531604602600598_X=601.03UCL=603.849LCL=598.211S Sa am mp pl le eS Sa am mp pl le e R Ra an ng ge e25232119171513119753186

32、420_R=3.869UCL=8.826LCL=01151122222565X Xb ba ar r- -R R C Ch ha ar rt t o of f S Su up pp p2 2I-MR Select: StatControl Chart Select: StatControl Chart Variables charts for subgroups I-MR Variables charts for subgroups I-MR輸出結(jié)果輸出結(jié)果O Ob bs se er rv va at ti io on nI In nd di iv vi id du ua al l V Va

33、al lu ue e9181716151413121111610605600595_X=601.03UCL=606.25LCL=595.81O Ob bs se er rv va at ti io on nM Mo ov vi in ng g R Ra an ng ge e918171615141312111186420_MR=1.964UCL=6.416LCL=02216656515511622222222222222222222122222I I- -M MR R C Ch ha ar rt t o of f S Su up pp p2 2Capability Sixpack (Norma

34、l)Capability Sixpack (Normal) 復(fù)合了以下的六個(gè)圖形 Xbar R 原始數(shù)據(jù)分布plot） 直方圖 正態(tài)分布檢定 CPK, PPKS Sa am mp pl le e M Me ea an n1098765432110110099_X=99.906UCL=101.074LCL=98.738S Sa am mp pl le e R Ra an ng ge e10987654321420_R=2.025UCL=4.282LCL=0S Sa am mp pl le eV Va al lu ue es s10864210210098103102101100999897LSL

35、TargetUSLSpecificationsLSL97Target 100USL1031021009896WithinOverallSpecsWithinStDev0.870623Cp1.15Cpk1.11OverallStDev1.13059Pp0.88Ppk0.86Cpm0.89151P Pr ro oc ce es ss s C Ca ap pa ab bi il li it ty y S Si ix xp pa ac ck k o of f X X1 1, , . . . ., , X X5 5X Xb ba ar r C Ch ha ar rt tR R C Ch ha ar rt

36、 tL La as st t 1 10 0 S Su ub bg gr ro ou up ps sC Ca ap pa ab bi il li it ty y H Hi is st to og gr ra am mN No or rm ma al l P Pr ro ob b P Pl lo ot tAD: 0.324, P: 0.515C Ca ap pa ab bi il li it ty y P Pl lo ot t五、五、SQCSQC工具工具 Pareto Pareto 圖圖 因果圖因果圖 直方圖直方圖 散點(diǎn)圖散點(diǎn)圖1.Pareto1.Pareto圖圖項(xiàng)次項(xiàng)次缺陷項(xiàng)缺陷項(xiàng)數(shù)量數(shù)量1 1

37、虛焊虛焊5005002 2漏焊漏焊3003003 3強(qiáng)度不夠強(qiáng)度不夠2002004 4外觀受損外觀受損1501505 5其它其它160160輸入數(shù)據(jù)使用頻率數(shù)）輸入數(shù)據(jù)使用頻率數(shù)）操作操作:StatQuality tools Pareto Chart:StatQuality tools Pareto Chart填好各項(xiàng)參數(shù)填好各項(xiàng)參數(shù)輸入缺陷列輸入缺陷列輸入頻數(shù)列輸入頻數(shù)列其他項(xiàng)所占的比率其他項(xiàng)所占的比率結(jié)果輸出結(jié)果輸出C Co ou un nt tP Pe er rc ce en nt t缺陷項(xiàng)Count15.312.211.5Cum %38.261.176.388.5100.0500300200160150Percent38.222.9外觀受損其它強(qiáng)度不夠漏焊虛焊1400120010008006004002000100806040200不不良良數(shù)數(shù)量量P Pa ar re et to o圖圖輸入數(shù)據(jù)使用原始數(shù)據(jù)）輸入數(shù)據(jù)使用原始數(shù)據(jù)）操作操作:StatQuality tools Pareto Chart:StatQuality tools Par