課文翻譯 綜合教程一

1、Unit 9 Hollywood Hollywood suggests glamour, a place where the young star-struck teenagers could, with a bit of luck, fulfill their dreams. Hollywood suggests luxurious houses with vast palm-fringed swimming pools. Cocktail bars and furnishings fit for a millionaire. And the big movie stars were mil

2、lionaires. Many spent their fortunes on yachts, Rolls Royces and diamonds. A few of them lost their glamour quite suddenly and were left with nothing but emptiness and colossal debts. Movies were first made in Hollywood before World War . The constant sunshine and mild climate of southern California

3、 made it an ideal site for shooting motion pictures. Hollywood's fame and fortune reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s, the golden days of the black and white movies. Most of the famous motion picture corporations of those days, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Columbia and Warner Brothers are still very

4、 much in business and great stars like Greta Garbo, Marlene Dietrich, Charlie Chaplin, Gary Cooper, and many others besides, have become immortal. In those days Hollywood was like a magnet, drawing ambitious young men and women from all over the world. Most of them had only their good looks to recom

5、mend them and had no acting experienceor abilitywhatsoever. Occasionally they got jobs, if they were lucky enough to be noticed. Gray Cooper was one of the few who was noticed. He started as a stunt rider, and from there rose to be one of the great stars of the early Westerns. Many of the girls got

6、jobs in cafes or gas stations, and as they served their customers they tossed their heads and swung their hips, hoping to attract the attention of some important person connected with the movies. Most of them hoped in vain. As for the stars themselves, they were held on a tight rein by the studio ch

7、iefs who could make or break all but the stars with really big appeal. The stars were "persuaded" to sign seven-year contracts, during which time the studios built up their images. Under their contracts the stars did not have their right to choose their parts. Their studios decided everyth

8、ing. No country in the world has developed so expertly the skill of advertising as the Americans. They advertise everything, from ice cream to candidates for the Presidency. The Hollywood studios, by means of advertising, turned starlets into superstars. Many studio chiefs were tyrants, determined t

9、o get their own way at all costs, no matter how unscrupulous the means. Stars were often typecast and if he or she appealed to the public as a lover, then he or she always played the part of a lover. A star who was a hit as a cowboy or a bad guy, got the same kind of role again and again. There was

10、little arguing, "you're the perfect dumb blond, baby, and that's how you're going to stay," they would say. They even tried to interfere in their stars' private lives: "No, sugar! You just can't marry Mel Billigan. He's too intellectual. He'd destroy your i

11、mage." Only when they ceased to be stars did some of them discover that they were also good actors! Movie stars like Bette Davis, Katherine Hepburn, Spencer Tracy and James Mason gave distinguished performances in character parts as well as leading roles. Hollywood is no longer the heart of the

12、 world's motion picture industry. Most movies today are filmed on location, that is to say, in the cities, in the countryside and in any part of the world that the script demands. The Hollywood studios are still standing, but most of them have been leased to television networks. About 80% of all

13、 American TV entertainment comes from Hollywood. Yet Hollywood has not lost all its glamour. Movie stars still live there, or in neighboring Beverley Hills, and so do many of the famous and wealthy people who have made their homes in southern California. There is also the attractive Hollywood Bowl,

14、The huge outdoor amphitheater where every summer since 1922 "Symphonies under the Stars" are played by America's best orchestras before packed audiences. Hollywood, above all, has the glamour of the past. It is a name which will always be associated with motion-picture making, and for

15、many years to come the old Hollywood movies will be shown again and again in movie houses and television screens all over the world.好萊塢 好萊塢意味著魅力，是那些懷揣明星夢的少男少女們有點(diǎn)兒運(yùn)氣就能實(shí)現(xiàn)他們夢想的地方。好萊塢使人聯(lián)想到棕櫚樹環(huán)繞的大游泳池的豪宅。雞尾酒吧及其室內(nèi)陳設(shè)是適合百萬富翁的而大腕電影明星們都是百萬富翁。許多電影明星在游艇、勞斯萊斯豪華轎車和鉆石飾品上一擲千金。但他們其中也不乏曇花一現(xiàn)者，只落得空虛失意和債臺高筑。 最初的電影是在一戰(zhàn)前的好

16、萊塢制成的。南加利福尼亞一年四季的陽光與溫和宜人的氣候，使好萊塢成為拍攝電影的理想場所。好萊塢的盛名與財富在20世紀(jì)三四十年代達(dá)到了頂峰，那時也正是黑白電影的黃金時代。當(dāng)年就已出名的電影公司，如米高梅、哥倫比亞、華納兄弟等今天仍然叱咤風(fēng)云，還有如葛麗泰·嘉寶、瑪蓮·德烈奇、查理·卓別林、賈利·庫珀和其他許多明星已永垂青史。 那時候的好萊塢像塊磁鐵吸引著世界各地滿懷抱負(fù)的少男少女來到這里。他們當(dāng)中的大多數(shù)唯一的資本便是漂亮的外表，并無任何表演經(jīng)驗(yàn)或才能。如果他們足夠幸運(yùn)被人注意到了，那么偶爾也會有點(diǎn)事干了。賈利·庫珀就是那幾個被注意到的人之一。他

17、開始的時候是做馬術(shù)表演替身，此后一躍成為出演早期美國西部片的著名影星之一。許多在咖啡店和加油站工作的女孩為客人服務(wù)時搔首弄姿，期望以此引起某位影界要人的注意。但她們大多數(shù)的期望都是徒勞的。 至于那些明星們則被制片商牢牢控制在手心里。這些制片商既可以造就也可以毀滅那些明星，除非他們是真正的大明星。明星們被“說服”去簽訂長達(dá)7年的合同，在此期間，由制片廠塑造他們的銀幕形象。由于合同的約束，明星們無權(quán)選擇自己的角色，一切皆由制片廠決定。 世界上沒有國家像美國的廣告技巧一樣發(fā)展到了如此嫻熟的地步。他們可以為任何東西做廣告，從冰激凌到總統(tǒng)候選人。好萊塢的制片廠通過廣告的方式，將小明星變成超級明星。許多制

18、片商就是暴君肆無忌憚，我行我素，不擇手段。 明星常常被定型，如果他們扮演的情人角色受觀眾喜愛，他們就總是扮演情人。一個因扮演牛仔或壞蛋而走紅的明星會多次扮演那種角色。角色的選定幾乎不容爭辯?！皩氊悾闶莻€完美的花瓶，而且你將繼續(xù)保持這一形象，”他們會這樣說。他們甚至還干涉影星們的私人生活：“不行，甜心，你不能和梅爾·比利甘結(jié)婚。他太聰明博學(xué)了，會毀了你的形象的。”直到他們退出影壇之后，他們其中的一些人才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己也是一流的演員！像貝蒂·戴維斯、凱瑟琳·赫本、斯賓塞·屈塞和詹姆斯·梅森這些電影明星，除了擔(dān)任主角外還成功地扮演了性格鮮明的其他角色。 好萊塢不再