大學(xué)英語四級作文寫作技巧

1、英語四、六級寫作基本文體l首先要指出的是，四、六級作文在準備和對策上是基本一致的，因為兩者評分標準基本一致，除了字數(shù)上的差距，四級120詞，六級150詞。英語考試的作文大體可以分為： 1、正反論型正反論型 2、問題解決型；、問題解決型； 3、圖表作文；、圖表作文； 4、書信作文、書信作文。所謂的寫信，無非就是在這三類的基礎(chǔ)上，套用信件的格式而已。正反論型正反論型l1.有人做好事期望得到回報有人做好事期望得到回報l2.有人認為應(yīng)該像雷鋒那樣做好事不圖回報有人認為應(yīng)該像雷鋒那樣做好事不圖回報l3.我的觀點我的觀點l第一段：提出爭論，之后闡述一方觀點第一段：提出爭論，之后闡述一方觀點l第二段：闡述另

2、一方觀點第二段：闡述另一方觀點l第三段：提出自己的觀點第三段：提出自己的觀點問題解決型問題解決型l1.目前有些校園內(nèi)浪費現(xiàn)象嚴重目前有些校園內(nèi)浪費現(xiàn)象嚴重l2.浪費的危害浪費的危害l3.從我做起，杜絕浪費從我做起，杜絕浪費l第一段：提出問題第一段：提出問題l第二段：分析第二段：分析原因或后果原因或后果l第三段：提出解決措施第三段：提出解決措施圖表作文圖表作文l1.根據(jù)上圖描述該市住房產(chǎn)權(quán)的變化根據(jù)上圖描述該市住房產(chǎn)權(quán)的變化l2。分析產(chǎn)生這些變化的原因。分析產(chǎn)生這些變化的原因l3.說明這些變化對個人和社會產(chǎn)生的影響說明這些變化對個人和社會產(chǎn)生的影響l第一段：第一段：描述圖表描述圖表l第二段：分析

3、原因或后果第二段：分析原因或后果l第三段：提出解決措施或預(yù)測趨勢、影響第三段：提出解決措施或預(yù)測趨勢、影響書信作文書信作文l1.建議報考的專業(yè)及理由建議報考的專業(yè)及理由l2.報考該專業(yè)的基本條件報考該專業(yè)的基本條件l3.應(yīng)當如何備考應(yīng)當如何備考l第一段：說明寫信目的第一段：說明寫信目的l第二段：擴充題干或提綱第二段：擴充題干或提綱l第三段：期待對方回信第三段：期待對方回信本文將給大家講講英語四六級提綱式作文寫作注意事項：本文將給大家講講英語四六級提綱式作文寫作注意事項：1 對立觀點式對立觀點式A有人認為有人認為X 是好事，贊成是好事，贊成X， 為什么？為什么？B 有人認為有人認為X 是壞事，是

4、壞事， 反對反對X，為什么？，為什么？C我的看法。我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持支持X 的第一個原因。的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持支持X 的另一個原因。的另一個原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反對反對X 的第一個理由。的第一個

5、理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一個例子。一個例子。There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個壞處。的有一個壞處。l2 批駁觀點式：批駁觀點式：A一個錯誤觀點。一個錯誤觀點。B 我不同

6、意。我不同意。Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進一步解釋。對這個觀點的進一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個例子。（一個例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響）。贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響）。There might be some element of truth in

7、these peoples belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀與錯誤觀點相反的觀點。點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。l3 社會問題（現(xiàn)象）式社會問題（現(xiàn)象）式A一個社會問題或者現(xiàn)象。一個社會問題或者現(xiàn)象。B 產(chǎn)生的原因產(chǎn)生的原因C對社會和我們生活的影響對社會和我們生活的影響D 如何杜絕。（如果是問題的話）如何杜絕。（如

8、果是問題的話）E 前景的預(yù)測。前景的預(yù)測。Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。（或者是調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。（或者是一個例子）。一個例子）。There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.

9、 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will . 作文得分技巧總結(jié)作文

10、得分技巧總結(jié)n1、 卷面整潔，書寫清楚n2、 構(gòu)思簡單，少犯錯誤n3、 中心突出，層次分明n4、 固定經(jīng)典，名言注目n5、 重在變化，寧簡勿爛寫作的寫作的“七項基本原則七項基本原則”1、長短句原則長短句原則lAs a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. l強烈建議

11、：在文章第一段（開頭）用一長一短，且先長后短；在文章主體部分，要先用一個短句解釋主要意思，然后在闡述幾個要點的時候采用先短后長的句群形式，定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝！文章結(jié)尾一般用一長一短就可以了。2、主題句原則、主題句原則l主題句通常放在句首lTo begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主題句）. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions cor

12、rectly.3、闡述觀點的、闡述觀點的一二三一二三原則原則l（1）first, second, third, last（不推薦，原因：俗）l（2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推薦，原因：俗）l（3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推薦，原 因：俗）l（4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）l（5）to begin with, then, furthermore, final

13、ly（強烈推薦）l（6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強烈推薦）l（7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強烈推薦）l（8）most important of all, moreover, finallyl（9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用于兩點的情況）l（10）for one thing, for another thing（適用于兩點的情況）4、短語短語優(yōu)先原則優(yōu)先原則l寫作時，尤其是在考試時，如果使用短語，有兩個好處：其一、用短

14、語會使文章增加亮點，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單，看不到一個自己不認識的短語，你的得分率將會降低；相反，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)一些精彩的短語，你的文章定會得高分。其二、關(guān)鍵時刻思維短路，只有湊字數(shù)，怎么辦？用短語是一個辦法！比如：lI cannot bear it.可以用短語表達：I cannot put up with it.lI want it.可以用短語表達：I am looking forward to it.5、多實少虛多實少虛原則原則l原因很簡單，寫文章還是應(yīng)該寫一些實際的東西，不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實詞，少用虛詞。所謂虛詞是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個很好的時候，不應(yīng)該只說nic

15、e這樣空洞的詞，應(yīng)該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital之類的形象詞。再比如：l走出房間，general的詞是：walk out of the rooml但是小偷走出房間應(yīng)該說：slip out of the rooml小姐走出房間應(yīng)該說：sail out of the rooml小孩走出房間應(yīng)該說：dance out of the rooml老人走出房間應(yīng)該說：stagger out of the room6、多變句式原則、多變句式原則 （1）加法加法（串聯(lián)）（串聯(lián)） l寫長句

16、的方法就是這些，可以在任何句子之間加and,但最好是前后的句子又先后關(guān)系或者并列關(guān)系。比如說： I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.l如果是二者并列的，我們可以用一個超級句式： Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.l其它的短語可以用： besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover（2）轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折（拐彎抹角）（拐彎抹角） 批評某人缺點的時候，我們總習(xí)慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優(yōu)點，然后轉(zhuǎn)入正題，再說缺點，寫文章的時候只要在要點之前先來點廢話，注意

17、二者之間用個轉(zhuǎn)折詞就夠了。lThe car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.lThe coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短語：ldespite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding（3）因果（）因果（so, so, so） 昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩，然后我主動搭訕，然后我們?nèi)タХ葟d，然后我們認識了，然后我們成為了朋友可見，講故事的時候我們總要追求先后順序，先什么，后什么，所以然后這個

18、詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先后或因果關(guān)系！lThe snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短語：lthen, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that（4）失衡句（頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重）失衡句（頭重腳輕，或者頭輕腳重） 文章中如果出現(xiàn)失衡句子，更會讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句的變形。 This is what I can do.lWhether he can go with us or

19、 not is not sure. 同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復(fù)雜成分：lWhen to go, Why he goes away（5）附加附加（多此一舉）（多此一舉） 在句子中穿插定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語，使句子有變化。lThe man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.lI dont enjoy that book you are reading.lMr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 附加法其實很簡單：同位語要解釋的東西刪除后不影響整個句子的構(gòu)成；定語從句借用之

20、前的關(guān)鍵詞并且用其重新組成一個句子插入其中，但是whom /that關(guān)鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。（6）排比排比（排山倒海句）（排山倒海句）l文學(xué)作品中最吸引人的地方莫過于此，如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話，那么我希望你引用一個個的排比句，一個個的對偶句，一個個的不定式，一個個地詞，一個個的短語，如此表達將會使文章有排山倒海之勢！lWhether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.lNowadays, energy can be ob

21、tained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.lWe have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（氣勢恢宏）7、挑戰(zhàn)極限原則、挑戰(zhàn)極限原則 既然是挑戰(zhàn)極限，必然是比較難的，但是并非不可攀！原理：在學(xué)生的文章中，很少發(fā)現(xiàn)諸如獨立主格的句子，其實也很簡單，只要花上5分鐘的時

22、間看看就可以領(lǐng)會，它就是分詞的一種特殊形式，分詞要求主語一致，而獨立主格則不然。比如：lThe weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.lAfrica is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.議論文寫作的基本模式n從2006年6月四級改革以來，議論文已經(jīng)成為四級作文的絕對主流，無論是學(xué)生還是老師，都對此類題目進行了充分的準備。對于這種類型的文章，寫作框架如下： 第

23、一段：現(xiàn)象背景介紹第一段：現(xiàn)象背景介紹+ +引出話題引出話題（公眾觀點（公眾觀點+ +大概理由）；大概理由）；第二段：關(guān)于話題的相關(guān)因素（影響，作用，好處，危害或原因第二段：關(guān)于話題的相關(guān)因素（影響，作用，好處，危害或原因等）；等）；第三段：陳述自己觀點或預(yù)期未來。第三段：陳述自己觀點或預(yù)期未來。 組成一篇文章的三要素是：結(jié)構(gòu)，內(nèi)容和語言結(jié)構(gòu)，內(nèi)容和語言。對于此類型的文章，同學(xué)們是很難在結(jié)構(gòu)上略勝一籌的； 至于具體內(nèi)容，也完全不需要推陳出新，因為批卷老師是完全沒有時間仔細看理由的。所以，如何體現(xiàn)我們的寫作能力和文章價值，關(guān)鍵在于文章遣詞造句的質(zhì)量。 此類文章的高分原則為：第一，在文章中必須有五

24、個左右的銜接詞，來體現(xiàn)邏輯性。第二，用詞盡量避免重復(fù)，體現(xiàn)語言的靈活和升級。第三，盡量使用非陳述句式，如倒裝、被動、虛擬語氣及插入語等。 辯論式議論文模版辯論式議論文模版1nSome people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 觀點1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 觀點2. nAs for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my b

25、elief. First of all, 論據(jù)1. More importantly, 論據(jù)2. Most important of all, 論據(jù)3. nIn summary, 總結(jié)觀點. As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或:From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測.辯論式辯論式議論文模版議論文模版2nPeople hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that

26、觀點2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.nFor one thing, 論據(jù)1.nFor another, 論據(jù)2.nLast but not the least, 論據(jù)3.nTo conclude, 總結(jié)觀點. As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測.辯論式議論文模版辯論式議論文模版3 There is no consensus of opinions among

27、people about X(爭論的焦點)。Some people are of the view that 觀點1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious.nFirst of all, 論據(jù)1。nFurthermore, 論據(jù)2。nAmong all of the supporting evidence

28、s, one is the strongest. That is, 論據(jù)3。nA natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結(jié)觀點。nAs a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測.1.利弊議論文利弊議論文 Model 1It is a new thing that credit cards have been widely used by college students. Many people welcome t

29、his new development while others have expressed their concern about this.Those who take sides against this new trend believe that because some college students have no proper sense of consumption.One common argument, however, for the using of credit cards on campus_ is that some college students hav

30、e no proper sense of consumption.Of the two views discussed above, I am in favor of the former. My reason is that if college students realize the advantages of using credit cards, they will accept this modern way of consumption . Model 2 As is known to all, there has been a wave of _. There are many

31、 advantages (disadvantages) of this modern way. First of all, _. In the second place, _. Lastly, _.In a word, _. Model 3 When asked about _, different people will offer different opinions. Some people take it for granted that _. In their mind, _. Besides, _.However, others hold that _. They maintain

32、 that _.Weighting up these two arguments, I am for the first one. For one thing, _. For another, _. Therefore, as stated above, _. Model 4_ is becoming more popular in _, especially among _. Today, its certainly difficult to think of _.There are several reasons for its popularity. First, _. Second,

33、_.However, in terms of _. Model (1)Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to college students using credit cards_. Some people argue that this will lead to a tendency of college students spending money without limitation while others firmly hold that college students are adults and they ha

34、ve the ability to choose whatever way of spending moneyIn my opinion, I think this question should be probed in depth. On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because money in a credit card is not countless and the host bank has certain strict disciplines of using credit cards. On the ot

35、her hand, the second group seems not quite right because there are really some college students who have no self-control when it comes the spending of money.In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in college students self-control when they go shopping with credit cards. Otherwise the advanta

36、ges of using credit cards may become a burden to them.個人觀點議論文nModel (2)It becomes a common tendency these days for people to _. Many people are opposed to _ because they think_. They also argue that _.In my mind, however, I cant agree with _. At the same time, _. In addition, _.In conclusion, _.nMod

37、el (3)n_ has been one medium of communication that has connected all the people around world. More and more people tend to concern the _, because it is so _ that _.The advantages of _ are obvious to some people. For one thing, in terms of _, _. As a result, _. Consequently, _. For another thing, _.P

38、ersonally, I side with the former opinion. Because _. However, _.nModel (4)Presently, one phenomenon calls for people s attention that _.In general, _. For one thing, _. (For example, _.) For another, _.As far as I am concerned, _. To sum up, _.3.解決方法類議論文解決方法類議論文Model (1)uIf you fail the exam what w

39、ill you feel? Of course, you will feel Sad because have to go over what you have learned again. Besides this, there are also other reasons for your sorrow. For one thing, you will not allowed to have a further study on this subject, For another, your parents and your teachers will be very disappoint

40、ed at you .uNo easy solution can be taken to cope with the problem of usingdisposable plastic bags, but if we want to make our environment clean, we must take certain measures . Therefore, my viewpoint is that our government should at first ban the producing of disposable plastic bags There is no do

41、ubt that this is the most effective way of solving this problem.Model (2)Most of us today recognize that _environmental pollution_ has been a greatly serious problem. Therefore, we should take some measures to deal with it.From above, we can find that the reasons why _credit cards are very popular_,

42、 are as follows, the primary reason, I think, _is that using credit cards is very convenient_. For example, _you can put lots of money into one card instead of cash_. However, _you must remember the code of each credit card. Second,if your credit card is lost, you can easily apply for a new one with

43、out losing money in it_. The third reason actually is the result of _college students sense of consumption_. Model (3)Therefore, _. Moreover, _. Lets make our good efforts, and _.writing task: Recreational activities Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitl

44、ed Recreational activities. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1.娛樂活動多種多樣多種多樣。 2.娛樂活動可以使人們受益，也可能帶來危害。 3.作為大學(xué)生，我認為Recreational activities P1 。Everyone needs some recreational activities to help them relax after a days work or study. And there are many recreational a

45、ctivities available to us in todays society. For example, sports fans may choose to play basketball or football. Or one may take a break by watching TV or listening to music. P2。Among the large number of recreational activities, some are carefully designed and can be beneficial to us. For example, p

46、laying basketball can help us get stronger and healthier. It can also enrich friendships while we play together with our teammates. However, some activities may cause harm, especially to young people who are curious about everything but are unable to control themselves. Playing computer games is one

47、 such activity. Many college students play them every day. Some students even develop addictions and skip school or stay up late into the night to play them. This can affect their study and health. P3。As college students, we should strike a balance between work and rest. Recreation is of great impor

48、tance to our life, but study is our primary task. If we want to play, we need to know clearly which activities are good and which are bad. At the same time, we should exercise self-control so that we wont get addicted to some bad activities.2. 各種題型的寫作方法各種題型的寫作方法。 對比選擇型：基本方法為：闡述一種觀點或態(tài)度并表明這種觀點或態(tài)度正確的理由;闡述第二種(相對或相反的)觀點或態(tài)度并說明這種觀點或態(tài)度正確的理由;表明個人支持或反對以上觀點或態(tài)度，并說明原因。 現(xiàn)象解釋型：基本方法為：描述現(xiàn)象分析原因?qū)ΜF(xiàn)象做出預(yù)測或如何促進(限制)這種現(xiàn)象的進一步發(fā)展。 問題解決型：基本方法為：提出問題分析問題解決問題。 觀點論證型：基本方法為：分析主題得出結(jié)論舉例論證得出結(jié)論(證明觀點的正確性)。應(yīng)用文基本方法為：分析所給情景選擇寫作方法。三段式作文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排現(xiàn)象解釋型模板一