人教版必修二Unit4 Wildlife protection詞匯篇學(xué)生版

1、Unit4 Wildlife protection-詞匯篇_通過本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí)掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)短語與句型。一重點(diǎn)單詞與短語：1. decrease(1)vi. & vt. 減少；(使)變小或變少These measures will help decrease the cost of production.這些措施有助于降低生產(chǎn)成本。(2)n. C，U 減少；降低There is a decrease of nearly 6% in the number of visitors to the museum.參觀博物館的人數(shù)下降將近6%。巧學(xué)助記熟詞increase 增加；增長Unempl

2、oyment increases as production decreases.生產(chǎn)減少，失業(yè)隨之增加。歸納拓展1)decrease by減少了2)decrease to減少到 Student numbers have decreased by 500.學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了500名。Student numbers have decreased to 500.學(xué)生人數(shù)減少到500名。3)on the decrease 在減少This species of bird is decreasing/on the decrease in numbers every year.這種鳥的數(shù)量在逐年減少。辨析de

3、crease/reduce decrease側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)“穩(wěn)定地、逐漸地、不段地”減少reduce強(qiáng)調(diào)在“數(shù)量、大小、程度或強(qiáng)度方面”的下降或減少。例句：Failure decrease confidence. 失敗使信心漸減。The workers reduced their wage demands. 工人們降低了他們在工資方面的要求。誤區(qū)警示指某物的“增長/減少”用increase/decrease in sth.，其中的in不可以用of替代。2. respond vi. 回答，響應(yīng)；做出反應(yīng)(1)respond to sb/sth 回答某人/回應(yīng)某事respond to sth (疾病、身

4、體的受傷部分)對醫(yī)藥有良好反應(yīng)(2)response n. 響應(yīng)；回答in response to 作為對的答復(fù)/反應(yīng)(通常作狀語)make (a) response to 對做出反應(yīng)例句：(1)He responded to my suggestion with a laugh/by laughing. 他對我的建議報以一笑。(2)There has been no response to his remarks from the government.政府尚未對他的言論做出回應(yīng)。3. die out  滅絕； die away（聲音、光線、

5、風(fēng)等）漸漸消失die down 平息；（漸漸）熄滅；緩和 die off（家族、種族等）相繼死亡；       die of 死于內(nèi)因（饑餓，疾?。?#160;如：die of illness (heart trouble, cancer, a fever, etc) 死于疾?。ㄐ呐K病、癌癥、發(fā)燒等）die from 死于外因（車禍等）如：die from an earthquake (a traffic accident, a lightnin

6、g, a stroke, etc) 死于地震（交通事故、雷擊等）die off 相繼死去die away 逐漸減弱；逐漸消失4. loss n. U，C損失；遺失；喪失The animal was weak through loss of blood.這只動物因?yàn)槭а眢w虛弱。He told the police about the loss of his car.他向警方報失他的車子。The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job losses.工廠倒閉會使許多人失業(yè)。歸納拓展at a loss 不知所措；困惑make up

7、for the loss 彌補(bǔ)損失(be) lost in thought 陷入沉思I'm at a loss what to do next.我不知道下一步怎么辦。5. relief n. U (痛苦或憂慮的)減輕或解除；減輕痛苦的事物This medicine will give you some relief.這種藥可以稍微減輕你的痛苦。It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.能和別人談?wù)勥@件事，感到舒心多了。歸納拓展in relief 如釋重負(fù)；松了口氣give sb. (some) relief (稍微)減

8、輕某人的痛苦to ones relief 使某人欣慰的是I smiled in relief after I heard I had passed the examination.聽到我已經(jīng)通過了考試，我輕松地笑了。To her relief, her brother recovered quickly.讓她欣慰的是，她弟弟恢復(fù)得很快。relieve v(從危險、痛苦等中)救出，使脫離，解脫relieve sb. of. 解除某人的負(fù)擔(dān)、困難等A porter relieved her of the three large boxes.一個行李搬運(yùn)工替她扛了三個大箱子。6.in danger(

9、of)在危險中；垂危短語拓展：In danger 處在危險中 out of danger 脫離危險a danger to 危險因素；危險的人辨析in danger/dangerousin danger指人或物本身處于危險中，受到外來的威脅dangerous指人、物態(tài)可能引起危險，對別人構(gòu)成威脅The boy is in danger because a dangerous tiger is running after him.7.辨析contain與includecontain指所包含或容納的全部內(nèi)容或某物的成分；某物裝在比其更大的物體內(nèi)。include指作為整體中的一部分而被包括進(jìn)去，通常指

10、同類。常使用“including被包括部分”或“被包括部分included”的結(jié)構(gòu)；某物為整體的一部分或要素。一言辨異The container contains many kinds of fruits, including apples/apples included.容器中盛著各種水果，其中包括蘋果。例句：(1)The class contains twenty students, including seven girls.The class contains twenty students, seven girls included.全班有二十名學(xué)生，其中包括七個女生。(2)So a

11、stonished was he that he could hardly contain himself for joy.他如此驚訝以至于控制不住自己的高興之情。8. protectfrom/against保護(hù)不受(危害)短語拓展：under the protection of在的保護(hù)下keepfrom doing sth. 阻止做某事stop(from)doing sth. 阻止做某事prevent (from)doing sth. 阻止做某事注：以上短語在主動語態(tài)中只有keepfrom doing sth.中的from不可以省略，其他都可以省略，但在被動語態(tài)中from都不可以省略。pro

12、tective adj. 保護(hù)的，防護(hù)的例句：(1)In summer，many people usually wear dark glasses to protect their eyes from the sun.在夏天，很多人通常戴墨鏡以保護(hù)他們的眼睛不受陽光的刺激。(2)The workers can use their own rights accordingly under the protection of the law.在法律的保護(hù)下工人們可以相應(yīng)地行使自己的權(quán)利。9. affect vt.影響；感動；（疾?。┣忠u effect 為名詞be greatly affected

13、很受感動/影響 be affected by heat 中暑have an effect/impact/influence on 對有影響take effect開始起作用；見效affect與influence辨析affect動詞，指“影響之在足以引起反應(yīng)，”有時含有“對產(chǎn)生不利影響”的意思。influence動詞或名詞，指“通過說服、舉例等對人的行動、思想、性格等產(chǎn)生易覺察到的、潛移默化的影響。例句：The children were deeply affected by his life story.孩子們被他的生平事跡深深感動了。Influenced by a 

14、;high school biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine. 在一位中學(xué)生物老師的影響下，他從事了醫(yī)學(xué)研究。區(qū)分以下易混此afford；承擔(dān)得起，支付得起 offer; 主動提供 effort: 努力10. pay attention to注意Hold/attract/catch/draw/get ones attention吸引某人的注意fix/focus ones attention on集中注意力于 listen attent

15、ively 專心聽turn ones attention to將注意力轉(zhuǎn)向這里的to為介詞所以其后要加名詞或動名詞形式。11. harmn& vt.損害，傷害harmful adj.有害的be harmful todo harm todo sb harmdo harm to sb 對有害There is no harm in doing sth.It does no harm (for sb) to do sth. 做某事是個好主意(或沒有壞處)。易混辨析harm, hurt, injure與wound(1)harm常用于口語，表示肉體或精神上的傷害，有時可指引起不安，不便。(2)hu

16、rt傷害(感情或身體上)。普通用詞，常用于口語。多用于有生命的東西，常指肉體上的傷害，也可以指精神上的痛苦或感情上的傷害。作不及物動詞時表“疼痛”。 (3)injure傷害，損害(身體上)，損害(名譽(yù))。普通用詞，常指各種性質(zhì)的身體上的傷害。多指事故中人的損傷，如：容貌、生理、身體等。(4)wound使受傷，傷害，損害。主要指外界暴力或用武器造成身體上較重的傷害，像刀傷、槍傷、刺傷等。多指戰(zhàn)場上受傷，還可以指精神上的創(chuàng)傷。12. appreciate vt.欣賞，賞識；感謝；感激appreciate + doingI app reciate you appreciating me.我感激你賞識

17、我。I would appreciateif如果我將不勝感激I would appreciate it if you can do me that favor. 如果你幫助我，我將會很感激。appreciation (ones)doing sth. 感激/欣賞（某人）做某事13. succeed in doing sth. : 成功做某事 = manage to do sth.fail to do sth. 做某事未能成功 名詞success ， 形容詞 successful另外：succeed: 接替，繼任 successor 接替者，繼任者 Who will succeed John as

18、 our president ?14. employ : vt. 1)雇傭； 2)運(yùn)用，使用；如：This method h as been employed in teaching.3)利用（時間，精力） be employed in doing: 花時間做某事；忙于拓展：employer n.雇主 employee n.雇員；受雇者employment n.職業(yè)，工作， 雇用辨析employ/rentemploy多指商店或公司長期雇傭人手，相對穩(wěn)定rent一般指租借房屋、地產(chǎn)The room rents for 5dollars a week.這下房間每星期5美元。15. incident

19、n. 事件；事變易混詞用法示例incident指不太重要卻又引人注意的小事；也指有預(yù)謀的政治事件。Every Chinese student should remember the July 7th Incident of 1937.每位中國學(xué)生都應(yīng)該記住1937年的“七七事變”。accident強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然或意外發(fā)生的不幸事情。The accident did a lot of damage to the car.這一事故把汽車損壞得很厲害。event尤指歷史上的重大事件，或體育賽事等。 The event was a turning point in Russia's attitude

20、 to America.這一事件成了俄羅斯對美國的態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。 16. come into being出現(xiàn)；形成；產(chǎn)生bringinto being 使形成；使產(chǎn)生come into power 當(dāng)權(quán)come into effect 生效come into action 開始行動come into office 就職come into sight 看得見come into use 開始使用17.so that以至于；結(jié)果1)以至于，結(jié)果(用于引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句)Learn the facts so tht you can make a wise decision.了解了事實(shí)以便你能做出明智的決

21、定。2)以便；為了（用于引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句），從句中常含有情態(tài)動詞may/maight,can/could,should ,would等；可與in order that換用。I will give you all the facts so that (=in order that)you can judge for yourself.我會給你所有的事實(shí)以便你可以自己判斷。二重點(diǎn)句型的用法1.(教材P26)There Daisy saw an antelope looking sad. 在那兒戴茜看到一只羚羊，神情沮喪。see sb doing sth意為“看見某人正在做某事”，表示正在進(jìn)行的動作

22、；see sb do sth 意為“看見某人做過某事”，表示事情發(fā)生的全過程。相同用法的詞(詞組)還有watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel等。(1)I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)過程)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我看見他正在花園里干活。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作)2. (教材P26) It shows the importance of wildlife protecti

23、on, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.這體現(xiàn)了野生動植物保護(hù)的重要性，不過，我還是想按照世界野生生物基金會的建議來幫助(你們)。as sb. suggests 正如某人所建議那樣句法分析：as表示“像那樣；如”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。suggest意為“建議”， suggest doing sth建議做某事；suggest接從句時有兩種語氣，作“建議”講時，從句謂語多用“shoulddo”結(jié)構(gòu)，作“暗示，表明”講時，后面從句用一般語氣。單句語法填空例1. (2019·浙江高考) These comments came _spec

24、ific questions often asked by local newsmen. A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of例2. (2019山東日照模擬) The air is deadly polluted because some factories dont _the rules to product.A. appreciateB. regardC. honorD. respect例3. (2019浙江富陽模擬)When we finally _to get home after

25、the tiring long journey, we could hardly move a step further.A. tried B. succeededC. managed D. attempted例4. (2019吉林長春期中) Research suggests that fast food and soft drink directly _to childrens obesity.A. appear B. contribute C. adjust D. respond例5.( 2019山東濟(jì)南檢測) Hearing the boring news, I was too dis

26、tracted to _my attention on my homework.A. attractB. drawC. concentrateD. pay基礎(chǔ)演練一短語填空in danger; protectfrom; succeed in; without mercy; die out; in peace; in relief; burst into laughter; pay attention to; respond to1.When she was told her son's illness could be cured，she left the hospital _2. S

27、he did not _a request for comment on Wednesday.3. How many times should I tell you that you need to _ your writing? 4. Because of the destruction of forest, many species are _.5. A greenhouse is a glass building in which you grow plants that need to _bad weather. 6. This kind of bird is rarely seen

28、in the area because they are being hunted _ by people.7. But for the workers' help, we should not have _this experiment.8. We hope the new century will be a century in which people of all nations live _.9. If human continued to exploit natural resources with no thought for the future, the later

29、generations would be_.10. Upon hearing the funny story, everybody_鞏固提高一在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1. More than a hundred firemen are still trying _ (contain) the fire at the plant.2. I'd appreciate _ if you could let me know in advance whether or not Mr Jones will be coming.3. Due to the destru

30、ction of the environment, the number of the tigers _ (decrease)4. The parents suggested _ (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.5. The number of the students in this school has_(減少)by 30.6. As you know, we should pay special attention to _(protect) these y

31、oung trees from being damaged. 7. Now various animals _ (hunt) overly, and some of them are becoming extincted animals.8. It is clear that the primary duty of parents is to provide _ (protect) for their children.9. His explanation that he is at _loss what to do next doesnt hold water.10. Those aircr

32、aft _ (inspect) over the course of the next several days at five locations.二用incident, accident, event, thing 填空She met with a(n) _ on her way home last night.There have been several new_added to the programme for the 2019 Rio Olympic Games.With many _ to do, I can't go to the park with you.Life

33、 at camp was filled with funny _ last month.一單項(xiàng)填空( )1. On seeing her funny­looking hairstyle, her classmates could not _ their laughs.A. hold B. containC. overcome D. prevent( )2. Soon after the terrible earthquake，_ was sent to the people who lost their homes from all over the world.A. expense

34、 B. reliefC. attention D. sympathy( )3. The headmaster has retired but no one knows who will _ him in the post.A. follow B. succeedC. remove D. achieve( )4. Theres a whole crowd of people over there. Go and see what _ and if it is good，we will buy it too.A. is selling B. has been sellingC. is being

35、sold D. has been sold( )5. It was not until fish _ that the villagers realized the importance of protecting the river.A. died away B. died offC. died from D. died out( )6. My flight _.I'd better be on my way. Goodbye.Bye. Happy landing!A. was announced B. is being announcedC. has announced D. is

36、 announced( )7. After graduating from university，Wang Ping was _ a secretary in a big company.A. employed as B. employedC. taken for D. regarded as( )8. My uncle suggested I _ abroad.I would rather you _ at home.A. go; stayB. went; stayedC. go; stayed D . went; stay( )9. The driver was at _ loss whe

37、n _ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.A. a; the B. /; /C. the; the D. a; /( )10Now I see you want to _ the position as you said just now.Could you please give me a brief _ your intention?A. apply for; account ofB. react to; introduction aboutC. reply for; description ofD. remind

38、of; instruction about( )11. Too much smoking and drinking _ him greatly，which meant bad living habits had an _ on his health.A. affect; effect B. affected; effectC. affected; effects D. affect; effects( )12. The teacher got very _ when the boy student refused to answer his question.A. annoying B. be

39、ing annoyedC. to be annoying D. annoyed( )13. We'd like to _ a table for five for dinner this evening.A. preserve B. reserveC. relieve D. reckon( )14. The audience waited until the curtain rose and then _ laughter at the sight of the funny actor.A. burst out B. burst intoC. broke into D. began w

40、ith( )15. After the new president of the USA came to power，a new rule soon_.A. came into being B. came into useC. came into the market D. came into blossom_一單詞拼寫。(根據(jù)句子意思及所給單詞的首字母或漢語注釋，寫出空缺處單詞的正確形式)1. The dog b _the thief in the leg.2. Our garden has an a _of twelve square meters.3. Though seemingly

41、f _the dog was gentle really.4. This hat will give p _against the sun.5. Too much coffee will upset your s_.6. The accident happened quite_(最近).8. The board is the_(最厚).9. We must_(預(yù)約)two seats on the plane.10. This jar_(裝)sugar.二完形填空Once an old villager was reading the Ramayana(羅摩傳)while sitting in

42、 a railway station waiting for the train to come.A young man with his _1_ was standing nearby and said to the old man, “You old fashioned people read only the Ramayana all the time. Dont you have any other book to _2_ ? What is so great in the Ramayana?”The old man continued to read and smiled witho

43、ut any _3_ to the young man. Soon, the train _4_.Everyone, in a hurry, rushed in to get a seat. It _5_ that the old man and the young man were _6_ next to each other in the train. And the old man _7_ to read the Ramayana.Suddenly the young man _8_ that his wife was missing! He shouted anxiously, “My

44、 wife! _9_ is she? I think she has been left behind on the platform!”The old man said to him _10_, “If you had read the Ramayana, you would never have made this _11_.”“What?” said the young man.The old man _12_ :“It is said in the Ramayana that when Ram Chandra, Sita and Lakshmana were standing on the _13_ of the Ganga(恒河) and the boatman came with the