2019年譯林牛津高考英語(yǔ)一輪導(dǎo)學(xué)案：M3U3

1、2019譯林牛津高考英語(yǔ)一輪導(dǎo)學(xué)案:M3U3一、閱讀理解Everyone knows that death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying?Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages - clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs

2、, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be saved. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the“ breaking up of vital cells atissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of

3、 clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling the organism, combined with narcotic （ 麻醉）sleep. By slowing down the body s metabolism （代謝），cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To show how thi

4、s works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began taking blood out from

5、an artery （ 動(dòng)脈）.The monkey s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the

6、 heart and started arti ficial breathing. After two minutes Keta s heartbecame active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous （自發(fā)的）breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin （青霉素）injection,

7、 Keta seized the syringe （注射器）and ran with it around theroom. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.1.For a person who suffers from the clinical death.A. he is still very much alive B. he cannot avoid final death C. his most important organs are damaged forever D. he still has t

8、he possibility of getting back to life 第1頁(yè)2.Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to .A. cool the organismB. delay the coming of biological deathC. slow down the body s metabolismD. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life3.The text mainly talks about .A. clinica

9、l death and biological deathB.an experiment on amonkeyC. the meaning of deathD.the process beforedeath4.From the underlined sentence in the last paragraph we can know that .A. Keta was impoliteB.Keta was healthyC. Keta was illD.Keta was crazy【文章大意】 本文主要敘述了為了延緩生理死亡的到來(lái)， 科學(xué)家盡量延長(zhǎng)臨床死亡的時(shí)間。1.D 【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

10、由文章第一段內(nèi)容 “ Clinical death ocurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have stopped functioning, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be saved 可知，一個(gè)臨床死亡的人還有可能活過(guò)來(lái)，故選 ”D 。3.A 【解析】主旨大意題。文章第一段提出了人類死亡的兩個(gè)階段：臨床死亡和生理死亡；第二段提出科學(xué)家們想辦法延長(zhǎng)臨床死亡； 第三段通過(guò)用猴子做實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)驗(yàn)證延長(zhǎng)臨床死亡的方法，故本文主要論述

11、了臨床死亡和生理死亡，選 A 項(xiàng)。4.B 【解析】推理判斷題。結(jié)合文章最后一句 “ Her behavior differed little from that of a healthyanimal. （她的行為無(wú)異于健康動(dòng)物的行為）” ，可推知?jiǎng)澗€部分句子說(shuō)明 Keta 是健康的，故選 B 項(xiàng)。二、詞匯練習(xí)。1. 講座 n2. take over3. pour4. flee5. 災(zāi)難 n6. 毀壞 v7. 文化的 a8. beneath9. document10. extreme11. 典禮 n12. stand in one s way13. vast14. corrupt15. erup

12、t16. commercial17. march18. a new flata fancy 裝潢19. seek fame and become very 富裕20. Don t about being alone.Don t tell me about this.抱怨21. be of protecting the environmentraise the of saving water意識(shí)22. a to the problemCan you tell me how to the problem?解決23. get stuck in the on the road爛泥；爛泥的24. com

13、e tobecome very權(quán)力，強(qiáng)大的25. teenagers how to behave receive a good 教育三、完形填空One day when I was 13, my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked（冒火花）and 1 a fire.We didnt see the fire _2_ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I _3_ to jump over the

14、 fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in _4_ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a（n）_5_ and knew what to do. _6_ with only a pump sprayer , buckets, and his boots, he _7_ down to the nearby pond, filled the buckets and the spra

15、yer, and began spraying the _8_ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind _9_ , however, and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time , my father began to stamp（踩滅）out the flames as he moved to the _10二,so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the

16、 gate._11_ he arrived at the gate , he jumped into the truck , rolled up the windows , and drove _12the fire.Then the fire was put out , and my mother was looking at myfather with her _1 3 eyes.After that , my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter , and my brother and I became 14_,

17、 asking him what other jobs he had done before he _15_ .Well , it turned out that he had done just about 16 except brain surgery!He had been in the military as a carpenter, carpet layer, and an electrician, and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had _17 him to retire.My f

18、ather has a blood disorder as a result of that _18 , but that hasnt stopped him from being a full- time electrician.To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be _19 of them , and remember that some day their _20 might save your life.C. witnessed1. A.p

19、reventedB. permittedD. started2 A.becauseB unlessC afterD until3 A.wantedB managedC promisedD happened4 A.angerB horrorC excitementD embarrassment5 A.carpenterB electricianC firefighterD educator6 A.ArmedB SatisfiedC SharedD Identified7 A.slidB fellC dashedD walked8 A.treesB grassC flamesD flowers9

20、A.died offB took onC turned outD picked up10 A.fenceB truckC furnitureD bucket11 A.IfB OnceC SinceD While12 A.throughB alongC overD across13 A.highB wideC fastD far14 A.curiousB suspiciousC. concernedD. anxious15. A.movedB. resignedC. retiredD. suffered16. A.everythingB. nothingC. somethingD. anythi

21、ng17. A.allowedB. encouragedC. invitedD. forced18. A.fireB. accidentC. attemptD. explanation19. A.afraidB. proudC. carefulD. ashamed20. A.cultureB. learningC. skillsD. languages【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文作者通過(guò)講述火災(zāi)中父親撲滅大火的故事，告訴我們?cè)?jīng)在部隊(duì)和做過(guò)其他危險(xiǎn)工作的父親將來(lái)某一天可能會(huì)用他們的技能拯救我們的生命，我們應(yīng)為他們感到驕傲?！竞诵脑~匯】as a result of由于，因?yàn)椋ㄆ浜蟾e語(yǔ)）be proud o

22、f為感到驕傲1. D 根據(jù)該句中的 the electric fence sparked火花）and _1_ a fire 可知，此處表示 一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)開始了。D項(xiàng)意為 開始，使開始發(fā)生，符合語(yǔ)境。prevent阻止；permit允許”;witness 目缶”。2. D 直到大火堵住了通往唯一的門的路，我們才發(fā)現(xiàn)大火。此處考查 “notuntil結(jié) 構(gòu)。3. A 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我想（wanted）跳過(guò)籬笆，到達(dá)安全地帶，可是大火包圍了我們。manage 設(shè)法做成 ；promise 許諾“；happen 發(fā)生”。4 B 由上文可知，大火包圍了我們，我 ”只能驚恐地看著火焰繼續(xù)上升。 in horro

23、r 驚恐地 ” ； in anger 生氣地“ ” ； in excitement 興奮地“ ” ； in embarrassment 尷尬地“ ” 。5. C 根據(jù)第二段第一句中的 “ my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter 可 知，父親曾經(jīng)是一名消防員。 carpenter 木匠，木工“” ； electrician 電工 “ ” ； educator 教育工作“者 ”。6. A 本題考查be armed with的省略結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，意為 用裝備或武裝”，故選A項(xiàng)。 satisfied 滿意的，滿足的“” ； sh

24、ared “共有的 ” ； identified 可辨認(rèn)的“ ” 。7. C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，父親應(yīng)該是沖（dashed）向最近的池塘。slide滑行”。8. C根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指開始用水噴向火焰 （flames）。9. D 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示然而很快，風(fēng)又變強(qiáng)了。 pick up 變大，變強(qiáng)“” ，符合語(yǔ)境。 die off 相繼死去， “ 先后死去 ”； take on 呈現(xiàn)，“ 開始具有（某種特征、面貌等 ）”； turn out 結(jié)“果是，證明是” 。10. B 根據(jù)下文中的he jumped into the truck可知，父親走向卡車。11. B 考查連詞。A項(xiàng)意為 如果”，

25、引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；B項(xiàng)意為 就，一 旦”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；C項(xiàng)自以來(lái)，因?yàn)?，既然”；D項(xiàng)當(dāng)時(shí)候，盡管由上下文可知，此處指父親一到達(dá)大門，就跳進(jìn)了卡車?yán)铩９蔬x B 項(xiàng)。12. A 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，父親開著卡車從火中穿過(guò)。 through 通過(guò)，穿過(guò)“” ，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物的空間內(nèi)；along沿著“；over在上面；across從一邊到另一邊，橫過(guò)”，表 示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在物體的表面。13. B 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知， 父親開著卡車從火中穿過(guò)， 火最終被撲滅了， 所以母親睜大（wide）眼睛看著父親。14. A 根據(jù)下文中的asking him what other jobs he had done可知，我們

26、是很好奇的（curious） 。 suspicious 懷疑的， “ 猜疑的 ” ； concerned “（與某事 ）有關(guān)的， 有牽連的 ” ； anxious 焦“ 慮的，不安的，擔(dān)心的 ” 。15. C 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我們問(wèn)父親在退休（retired）之前還做過(guò)其他什么工作。下文中的“to retire也是提示。16. A 根據(jù)第三段對(duì)父親退休前工作的描述可知，父親做過(guò)很多事情，所以此處指除 了做腦外科手術(shù)之外，父親幾乎什么都做過(guò)。everything except除了之外什么都 ”符合語(yǔ)境。17. D由上下文可知，那場(chǎng)事故迫使(forced)父親退休。18. B 根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指

27、那場(chǎng)事故(accident)。attempt嘗試；explanation解釋”。19. B be proud of為感到驕傲”符合語(yǔ)境。ashamed因自己所彳的事而)羞恥的， 內(nèi)疚的，慚愧的20. C 根據(jù)上文可知，此處指他們的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。四、短文語(yǔ)法填空。Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country.In Australia, Canada, the United States 1. European countries, sending gifts is rarely expected. Whi

28、le seen as a nice gesture , it is more important to avoid 2. (give) highly personal gifts such as clothing.When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3. ( country) , it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.In America, 4. (expense)gifts are definitely out.A good 5. (cho

29、ose) is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to 6. entertainment or a sporting event. 7. thecontrary, gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan.In Japan the proper gift is thought 8. (express)the givers true friendship , gratitude and respect far 9. (well) than words can.So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here ,