譯林牛津Book7_U3_Grammarandusage

1、( (模塊七模塊七 高二下學期高二下學期) )板塊：教學設計板塊：教學設計課件課件Grammar and usageAuxiliary verb課件描述：課件描述：學生將學會：學生將學會：1）什么是助動詞（用于協(xié)助主要動詞構(gòu)成謂語動）什么是助動詞（用于協(xié)助主要動詞構(gòu)成謂語動詞詞組的詞，自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用）。詞詞組的詞，自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用）。 2）助動詞的功能（）助動詞的功能（a. 表示時態(tài)；表示時態(tài)；b. 表示語態(tài)；表示語態(tài)；c. 構(gòu)成疑問句；構(gòu)成疑問句；d. 與否定副詞與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定合用，構(gòu)成否定 句；句；e. 加強語氣加強語氣 ）。）。 3）最常用的助動詞（

2、）最常用的助動詞（be, do, have and modals (shall, will, should, would) ）。）。Auxiliary verbs are used in forming tenses, moods and voices of other verbs. The verbs used for this purpose include be, do, have and modals.What are auxiliary verbs?1. He like English. 2. He singing. 3. He married. 4. He sent to Engl

3、and. 5. you like college life? 6. you study English last year? 7. come to the party tomorrow evening. 8. He know that. doesntAuxiliary verbsishas gotwasDo Did Do did be（am/is/are/was/were/been） do（does/did） have（has/had ） modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare ） A phrasal

4、 auxiliary verb（have (got) to, had better/would sooner/rather ( than)/cannot (help) but/be (not) to/be supposed to/ought to/used to/be about to/be able to） Auxiliary verbsAuxiliary verbs The small animals are kept in the cages. He is giving a lecture. The Internet has too much information that has n

5、ot been evaluated for accuracy. Your house is bigger and nicer than mine. I am to go abroad on business tomorrow. 1. be（am/is/are/was/were/been） Auxiliary verbsTip:be作為本動詞表示狀態(tài)或客觀存在等意思。作為本動詞表示狀態(tài)或客觀存在等意思。be +不定詞連用不定詞連用, 表示約定、義務、命令等表示約定、義務、命令等未來的動作或狀態(tài)。未來的動作或狀態(tài)。be +現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成各種進行時態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成各種進行時態(tài)。 be +過去分詞構(gòu)成被

6、動語態(tài)。過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。1) be用于用于have/has/had后構(gòu)成完成時。后構(gòu)成完成時。1. be（am/is/are/was/were/been） Auxiliary verbs He didnt find any useful information on the Internet. These kinds of errors do not occur as often when people use traditional reference materials. Then, why does he come here? You do know a lot about com

7、puters. Never did I see such a strange man. 2. do（does/did）Auxiliary verbsTip:do作為助動詞時的時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化有作為助動詞時的時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化有do, does, did三種形式。三種形式。do+主詞主詞+原形動詞構(gòu)成疑問句。原形動詞構(gòu)成疑問句。do+not+原形動詞構(gòu)成否定句。原形動詞構(gòu)成否定句。do (+not)+主詞用于附帶問句。主詞用于附帶問句。 do +原形動詞用于加強語氣句。原形動詞用于加強語氣句。1)Never (Only) 等等+do+主詞主詞+原形動詞用于倒裝句。原形動詞用于倒裝句。2.

8、do（does/did） Auxiliary verbs I have never seen such a strange man. Can I have my hair cut now? I often have my assistant help me do it.3. have（has/had） Tip:助動詞助動詞have+過去分詞構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)。過去分詞構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)。have +受詞受詞+過去分詞表示請或讓別人做某事。過去分詞表示請或讓別人做某事。 1) have +受詞受詞+原形不定詞表示請或讓某人做某事。原形不定詞表示請或讓某人做某事。4. modals（shall/should/

9、will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary verbs Ok, I shall do what you said. I shall never do such a thing. You shall give me a cigarette, or I shall tell the boss. Where shall I meet you? You should work harder. You must put on more clothes in case you should catch a cold. Auxiliary

10、 verbs Will you give me a cigarette? This will be what you need. She would stand there sleeping for hours. Ok, I will do it. 4. modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary verbs Can I help you, sir? I am checking out. Could you give me the bill? Of course we can wait

11、. Could it be the charge for the fruit? I cant help thinking of it. 4. modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare） Must I go with you? No, you neednt. You mustnt forget your medical card. Oh, it is wet outside. It must have rained yesterday. So it must be slippery outside. Do

12、 be careful! You neednt have told me that much.Auxiliary verbs4. modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary verbs I dare not say it is ugly. How dare you say so? 4. modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary verbsTip:shall表示發(fā)言者的意志表示

13、發(fā)言者的意志,包括諾言、決心、強制等包括諾言、決心、強制等; shall用于詢問對方的意向。用于詢問對方的意向。should表示義務，責任等。表示義務，責任等。1)will用于第二人稱疑問句中用于第二人稱疑問句中,詢問對方意志或請求。詢問對方意志或請求。will+原形動詞用于所有人稱原形動詞用于所有人稱,表意愿。表意愿。would +原原形動詞表示過去一段時間的習慣。形動詞表示過去一段時間的習慣。4. modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary verbsTip:4） can, cou

14、ld在口語中相當于在口語中相當于may, might,表表示許可。示許可。can, could 表示能力表示能力,相當于相當于be able to。can, could表示懷疑、推測表示懷疑、推測,一般一般用于疑問句或否定句。用于疑問句或否定句。can, could用于慣用用于慣用語。語。cant help或或couldnt help+動名詞表動名詞表示不得不、忍不住。示不得不、忍不住。4. modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/might/must/need/dare）Auxiliary verbsTip:5) must表示必須、義務等表

15、示必須、義務等,強調(diào)主觀因素強調(diào)主觀因素, have to, 強強調(diào)客觀因素。調(diào)客觀因素。 need可以對可以對must引導的一般疑問引導的一般疑問句作否定回答。句作否定回答。 must的否定式表示不準的否定式表示不準,禁止等禁止等意思。意思。must+have+過去分詞表示對過去情況的推過去分詞表示對過去情況的推斷。斷。must+原形動詞表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推斷。原形動詞表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推斷。 neednt+have+過去分詞表示過去不必做卻已經(jīng)過去分詞表示過去不必做卻已經(jīng)做了的事。做了的事。4. modals（shall/should/will/would/can/ could/may/mig

16、ht/must/need/dare）Auxiliary verbsTip:6) dare作為情態(tài)助動詞，一般只能用于疑問句或否定句中。5. A phrasal auxiliary verb（have (got) to, had better/would sooner/rather ( than)/cannot (help) but/be (not) to/be supposed to/ought to/used to/be about to/be able to） Auxiliary verbs5. A phrasal auxiliary verb Auxiliary verbs Its ge

17、tting late. Ive (got) to go now. You dont have to take off your shoes. Many countries would rather be cautious with this new technology. The tickets had been sold out, so I could not (help) but go back home. The children are supposed to be at school before 8 a.m.5. A phrasal auxiliary verb Auxiliary verbs I used to love cats but not now, because I was once attacked by a big black cat. He didnt use to smoke when he was younger. Did he use to come as often as he does now?Answers to Part A (p41)1. have 2. havent 3. dont4. didnt 5. was 6. did 7.