外研版英語中考歸納復習專題：被動語態(tài).doc

1、基礎(chǔ)義務教育資料外研版2018年英語中考歸納復習專題：被動語態(tài)【被動語態(tài)】在英語中，動詞主要有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。當主語為動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語動詞用主動語態(tài)；當主語為動作的承受者時，謂語動詞用被動語Zl/To主動諾態(tài)：動作執(zhí)行者+主動謂語+動作承受者被動語態(tài)：動作承受者+被動謂諾+by+動作執(zhí)行者is spoken by us.當我們不知道或者沒有必要說出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者只需要強調(diào)動作的承 受 者時，要用被動語態(tài)。如：Smoking isn? t allowed in the gas station汽車加油 站里面不允許吸煙。Your work must be finishe

2、d today.你們的工作必須今天完成。常見時態(tài)（含情態(tài)動詞）的被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。常見時態(tài)（色情態(tài)動詞）的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成如下:時 _被動結(jié)構(gòu) 例句態(tài)般現(xiàn) 在 時am/is/are+過去分詞was/were+過 去分詞The classroom is cleaned every day.這間 教室每天都打掃。Our school was built in 1998.我們的學校 是1998年建造的。will be+過去分The sports meeting will be held tomorrow.運動會將于明天舉行?，F(xiàn)在

3、一 、have/has been+ The bank has been built.專艮彳亍已經(jīng)建成兀過去分詞了。成時動 詞 情 態(tài)+be+過去分詞The bike can't be put here.這輛自行車不 能被放在這里?！究键c訓練1】I. Today Chinese(teach) in many schools around the world.2.Some famous paintings(show) in the hall next week.3, A new schoolfset up) in my hometown last year.4, 一 How often d

4、o I need to feed the dog?It food every day,or it will be hungry.()A. may giveB. may be givenC. must giveD. must be given答案：is taught will be shown was set up D【被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)】例句種類構(gòu)成感官動詞感官動詞see/hear/watch/f和使 eel等和使役動詞 役動 make/let/have 等 詞后跟省略to的動,汕詞不定式作賓補, L變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,動語省略的to要加太We heard her sing in the room

5、.今She was heard to sing in the room.我M聽見她在房間里唱歌。動詞短語短語是動詞+介 的詞/副詞時，變被動被動語態(tài)時介 語態(tài)詞、副詞不能feeljooksoundsmell, taste等系動詞。We should speak to the old politely.3The old should be spoken to polite ly by us.我們應該有禮貌地和老人說 話。The dishes taste so delicious.這些菜嘗起來很美open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,driv e 等詞作

6、不 This kind of pen writes very s moothly.妝及物動詞種鋼筆寫起來很流暢。表示”發(fā)生、進行"The water has run out.水已經(jīng) 用完To(happen,take place,come outrun out,spread 一)oWhen did the book co me out?這本書什么時候出版的?作“需 The problem requires studyin要”講的g with great care.這個問題需need,want,require后要仔細研究。I的動名詞用主動形式 I表被動意義?！究键c訓練2】1. Tea p

7、lants are(grow) and(use) to make tea.2. Kang Jian found it interesting that so many products in the local shops (make) in China.3.B. is heardD.is listeningThe music the Moonlight Sonata.()A.sounds likeC.is sounded like4. An accident on the road last night.A. has happenedB. was happenedC. HappenedD.

8、was happening答案：grown used were made A C【被動語態(tài)的固定搭配、句型】1. be made of,be made from,be made in 與 be made by2. be used for,be used as 與 be used to do3.It is said/believed/reported/known that.【中考示例】(2017 廣西)1 think all the heavy and difficult jobs by machines and robots in the future.A. DoB. will doC. ar

9、e doneD. will be done【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：我認為未來所有的重活、難度大的工 作都將由機器和機器人來完成。根據(jù)時間狀語in the future可知，此處應用一般 將來時；主語jobs和謂語動詞do之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合介詞by可知此處應用一 般將來時的被動語態(tài)?！究碱}熱身】1. （2017 甘肅）English （speak） all over the world.2. （2017 宿遷）The old car （produce） in Germany in the 1960s.3. （2017 鄂州）Teenagers should （encourage）

10、to solve their problems by themselves.4. （2017 .襄陽）The 24th Winter Olympic Games in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in2022,from February 4th to 20th.（）A.is going to hold B.holdC.will be heldD.was held5. （2017 重慶 A 卷）This picture by my cousin last year.fA.drawsB drewC.is drawnD.was drawn6. （2017 鹽城）It is rep

11、orted that about 120 foreign soccer experts to teachsoccer school students.（）A.inviteBJnvitedC.to be invitedD.will be invited7. （2017 .隨州）一 Your bedroom is so clean.Of course.lt every day.（A.cleansB.cleanedC.is cleanedD.was cleaned8. （2017 .蘇州）Why hasn, t Tony come?The invitation letter to Toby by accident.A.was emailedB.has emailedC.is emailedD - emailed9. （2017 上海）The museum next month to celebrate the Science & TechnologyFestival.（A.is decoratedB. will decorateC. is decorating D.will be decora