返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工論文：返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)保障權(quán)益保障

1、【中文摘要】目前，農(nóng)民工已逐漸成為我國(guó)當(dāng)代產(chǎn)業(yè)工人的主力軍,而且其數(shù)量還在持續(xù)增加，他們?yōu)槲覈?guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn),但與此同時(shí)，其就業(yè)保障問(wèn)題也逐漸成為制約我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展和建設(shè)社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的瓶頸。就業(yè)是民生之本，是農(nóng)民工維持生存的首要條件，由于我國(guó)長(zhǎng)期形成的城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和傳統(tǒng)戶(hù)籍制度對(duì)農(nóng)民工的種種限制，使得農(nóng)民工在社會(huì)保障、教育、政治參與權(quán)等方面遭受了不平等待遇，其中社會(huì)保障的不公平尤其突出，多數(shù)農(nóng)民工處于無(wú)保障狀態(tài)。2008年，金融風(fēng)暴席卷全球，農(nóng)民工成為最直接的受害者，全國(guó)約有2000萬(wàn)農(nóng)民工由于金融危機(jī)失去工作或者還沒(méi)有找到工作而返鄉(xiāng)，占外出就業(yè)農(nóng)民工總數(shù)的15.3

2、%。自2008年下半年開(kāi)始，返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工的就業(yè)問(wèn)題受到黨和政府的高度關(guān)注。在總體經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)欠佳的情況下，通過(guò)完善返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)保障體系,促進(jìn)其再就業(yè)，對(duì)我國(guó)具有重要意義。本文從對(duì)現(xiàn)有研究成果的歸納總結(jié)出發(fā)，闡述了返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工和就業(yè)保障的相關(guān)概念和基礎(chǔ)理論，并結(jié)合實(shí)地調(diào)研獲取的一手?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)，介紹了湖南省返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)的基本情況,還進(jìn)一步挖掘了政府在返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)保障工作中取得的成績(jī)和存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題，最后,有針對(duì)性地提出了應(yīng)對(duì)策略，以求改進(jìn)和完善我國(guó)返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)保障體系。具體來(lái)說(shuō)，本文通過(guò)社會(huì)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),從返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工的基本情況和就業(yè)情況兩個(gè)方面介紹了湖南省返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)保障的現(xiàn)狀。然后總結(jié)了湖南返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就

3、業(yè)保障工作取得的三方面成績(jī)：一是農(nóng)民工轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)人數(shù)和勞動(dòng)收入均保持較快增長(zhǎng);二是農(nóng)民工合法權(quán)益得到了較有效的保障；三是農(nóng)民工公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系在不斷健全。接著，重點(diǎn)分析了返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)保障存在的四個(gè)問(wèn)題:農(nóng)民工文化程度較低，造成就業(yè)隔離；農(nóng)民工社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)不足,導(dǎo)致就業(yè)渠道狹窄；農(nóng)民工公共就業(yè)服務(wù)不夠完善，影響其就業(yè)質(zhì)量；工會(huì)的覆蓋面和作用十分有限，致使利益訴求渠道不暢。最后,從健全返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系、強(qiáng)化返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工權(quán)益保障體系和培育返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工社會(huì)支持體系三個(gè)方面提出完善我國(guó)返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)保障體系的具體對(duì)策。【英文摘要】Currently,migrantworkershasbecomethe

4、mainforceofthecontemporaryindustrialworkers,andtheirnumbercontinuestoincrease,theymadegreatcontributionsforourcountryseconomicandsocialdevelopment,butatthesametime,theiremploymentsecurityproblemhasgraduallybecomeabottleneckwhichconstraintChinassustainableeconomicdevelopmentandbuildingasocialistharmo

5、nioussociety.EmploymentistheBasicThing,isthemostimportantconditionformigrantworkerstosurvival.DuetotheformationofIong-termurban-ruraldualeconomicstructureandlimitationsonmigrantworkersfromtraditionalhouseholdregistrationsystem,makingmigrantworkerssubjectunfairtreatmentinsocialsecurity,education,poli

6、ticalrightsandmanyotheraspects,especiallyinsocialsecurity,mostmigrantworkersinthestateofinsecurity.In2008,thefinancialcrisissweepingtheglobe,migrantworkersbecomethemostdirectvictims,andabout20millionmigrantworkersreturnedhomebecauseofthefinancialcrisismadethemlostjobsornotfoundjob,accountedfor15.3%o

7、fthetotalnumberofmigrantworkersemploymentoutsidethehome.Sincethesecondhalfof2008,thepartyandgovernmentattentiontheemploymentofmigrantworkersreturnedhome.Inthecaseoftheoverallpooreconomicsituation,throughtheimprovementofmigrantworkersreturninghomesecuritysystem,topromotetheirre-employment,isimportant

8、inChina.Thisarticledeparturesfromthestudysummarizedexisting,explainstherelatedconceptsandbasictheoryofmigrantworkersreturnhomeandemploymentsecurity,combinedwithfirst-handdataobtainfromfieldresearch,introducedthebasicemploymentsituationofthemigrantworkersreturnhomeinHunanprovince,andfurtherexcavatetheachievementsandrealproblemsexistinGovernmentsemploymentsecurityworkofmigrantworkersreturnhome,finally,putsforwardthecounte