故事形態(tài)學(xué)讀書筆記

1、最新資料推薦故事形態(tài)學(xué)讀書筆記故事形態(tài)學(xué)讀書筆記Themagictaleformulaofthewolf-storymorphologyreadingnotesText/ZhangthreeorfourI.briefintroductionThefamousRussianfolkartexpertVladimirPropp'sstory?Ya?morphology(1928)isamilestoneinthefieldofthetypeofnarrativeworks.Hisideasandtheorieshadadirectandfar-reachinginfluenceonthel

2、aterstructuralistscholars,suchasGreyMaas,Todorov,Bremondandothers.Theoriginalintentionofthestorymorphologyistoinvestigatetheformanddeterminetheregularityofitsstructureinthefieldoffolktales.AccordingtothestoryofAfanasyevbythe100Russianmagicalstoryformofcomparativeanalysis,foundfromthestructurefactors

3、ofthemagicofthestory,namelythe31function,andtherelationshipbetweenthefunctionofthecombinationoflaw,theyandtheirrelationshipwiththeoverall.JiaputtranslationofChinesepublishinghousein2006versionofthestoryisthemagicmorphologicalincomestoryderivedmagicalstorystructureresearchandhistoricalresearchinthesp

4、ringof1965tocommemoratethespeechthreearticles.TheevolutionofmagicalstoriespromptsPropp'snextresearchwork:fromthe1/10structuralstudyofmagicalstoriestohistoricalstudies.Theresultisabookonthehistoricalrootsofmagictales.ThestudyonthestructureofhistoryandmagicofthestoryisrespondedtoStrauss'scriti

5、cismofLevi?.Thisarticlecanbereaddirectlyonthestrongdissatisfactionofbeingmisunderstood.Two,Propp'smagicalstoryformulaInthepreface,Propppointedoutthatthemorphologyisontheformofthedoctrine,inBotany,morphologyreferstoallaboutplantparts,concerningtherelationshipbetweenthesecomponentsandthetheoryofth

6、erelationshipbetweenthemandtheoverall.Hebelievesthatthetermstorymorphologycanbecreatedbydrawingontheresearchmethodsofbotany.Plantmorphologywillclassifythousandsofplantsintheworld,andstorymorphologywilldothesame:classifycolorfulstoriesandpresentthemwithwonderfulconsistency.Inthefirstchapterprobleminh

7、istory,Proppsaid:thecorrectclassificationisoneofthefirstscientificdescription.Thecorrectnessofthenextstudydependsonthecorrectnessoftheclassification.However,theexistingclassificationofstoriesoftenunderminesthesimplestrulesofclassification.Forexample,thestoryisdividedintomagicalcontentstories,dailyli

8、festories,animalstories.Buttherearefantasticstoriesand最新資料推薦animalstories.Anotherexamplewendtedivision,thestoryisdividedintosevencategories:mythfable,puremagicstory,lifestoriesandfables,pureanimalfables,originstories,funnystoriesandfables,moralfable.Inaddition,therearewaystoplotaccordingtotheplot.Fo

9、rexample,Volkovputfantasystoryinto15episodes.Proppanalyzedthe15plots,sayingthatitcouldnotberegardedasascientificclassificationintheexactsense.Thestoryclassificationisnotsatisfactorybecauseoftheproblemsofpreviousresearchmethods.Theresearchmethodsarestatedinthesecondchapterloplopmaterialsandmethods.Fi

10、rst,Supposethereisaspecialsubclassstory,thatis,themagicstory.Theresearchobjectislockedinamagicalstoryonpropp.Whatexactlyisamagictale?Itisdefinedattheendofthisbook.Secondly,ProppnarrowsdowntheresearchscopetothestoriesofAfanasyevinthe100Russianfairytales.Theexactwaytodescribethestory,Proppsays,istosee

11、theconstantandvariablefactors.Inthese100magicalstories,thenamesofthecharactersandtheirobjectsarechanged,andtheiractionsandfunctionsareunchanged.Thestoryoftenassignsthesameactiontodifferentcharacters,whichmakesitpossibleforus3/10tostudythestoryaccordingtothefunctionofthecharacters.Here'sthequesti

12、on,whatisthefunction?.Proppdefinedsaidfunctionreferstotherolebehaviordefinitionfromitscourseofactionforsense.Hegivesfourobservations:first,thefunctionofthecharactersservesasastabilizingfactorforthestory;theydonotdependonwhowilldoitandhowitwillbedone.Theyformthebasicelementsofthestory.Two,themagicals

13、toriesareknowntobelimitedintermsoffunction.Three,theorderoffunctionitemsisalwaysthesame.Fourallmagicalstoriesaremadeupofthesametype.Inthethirdchapter,accordingtothedescriptionofthestoryitselfproppomagicalorderliststhe31functionsoftheroleofthe31functionsissoimportant,weoftenseeinvariouscitations,soit

14、isnecessarytorefertobelow:1.afamilymemberleaveshome(out)2.aprohibition(Prohibition)againsttheprotagonist3.breaktheban4.enemiestriedtospyonthenews5.enemiesinformedoftheirvictims6.enemiestrytodeceivetheirvictimstocontrolhisorhisproperty7.thevictimwasdupedandunwittinglyhelpedtheenemy8.enemiesbringharmo

15、rdamagetoamemberofthefamilyOneofthe8a.familymembersismissingsomething.Hewantssomething(missing)9.adisasterordefectistoldtorequestorissue最新資料推薦anordertothehero,sendhimorallowhimtoproceed(mediation)10.theseekeragreesordecidestorevolt(theoriginalrevolt)11.theprotagonistleaveshome(departure)12.theheroha

16、sbeentested,subjectedtointerrogation,attacked,andsoon,topavethewayforhimtogainmagicorhelp(thefirstfunctionofthegiver)13.theprotagonistrespondstotheactionsofthegiverinthefuture(theprotagonist'sresponse)14.treasuresfallintothemaster'spossession(theprovisionandacquisitionoftreasure)15.thetransf

17、erofahero,whereheissentordirectedtotheplaceofhissearch(movingbetweenthetwocountries,leadingtheway)16.,theheroandheadconfrontation(confrontation)17.markthehero(print)The18.enemyisdefeated(defeated)19.theinitialdisasterordeletioniseliminated(adisasterordeletioniseliminated)20.returnofthehero(return)21

18、.theheroishunted(pursued)Twenty-twoTheherowasrescuedfromthechase23.theprotagonistreturnshomeatanotherwiseunknownpositionorarrivesinanothercountry(unawareofarrival)24.fakeheroputdemands(demands)25.tomastergongchuproblem(problem)26.thepuzzleisanswered27.theheroisrecognized(recognized)28.exposeorexpose

19、afalseheroorfoe29.,5/10theherochangedhisface30.theenemyispunished(punished)31.,theheromarriedandcrownedking(wedding)Inthefifthchapter,Proppanalyzesseveralotherpartsofthestory,namely,auxiliaryelements(connectingelements)usedintherelationsbetweenfunctionalitemsandauxiliaryelementsaccompaniedbythreeele

20、ments.Thelinkingcomponentmakesthestorymovefromonefunctiontothenext.Itisasetofinformationtransfersystems.Threerepetitionisarepetitiveorprogressivecomponentofastory.Reasonisthecauseofsuchorsuchbehavior.Fortheprotagonist,thecauseofhisbehaviorisoftenthreatenedormissing.Inthesixthchapter,accordingtothero

21、lewillbedividedintofunctionalpropheadactionring,ring,helpthedonoractionactionring,Princess(tofindcharacters)andfather'sactionring,thedispatchoftheactionheroactionring,ring,fakeheroactioncircle.Intheninthchapter,totheamazingstoriesProppmadeadefinition:fromtheperspectiveofmorphology,anyoneintortor

22、deletion,afterthemiddleofsomefunctionafterattheendoftheweddingorotherendfunctionitems,canbecalledamagicalstory.Anotherimportantconceptinthischapteristheturn,andProppdoesnotgiveitadefinitedefinition,butitcanbesummedupinthetext:aroundistwopairsoffunction最新資料推薦items.Typicalrounds,suchas:21.theheroishun

23、ted(pursued)22.theherowasrescuedfromthechase(rescued)Aswellas:25.tomastergongchuproblem(problem)26.thepuzzleisansweredProppgavethemaRussianalphabet,eachlistingthe31itemsofthemagicstory.Intheninthchapter,hearrangedthelettersintoahorizontalaxisinaccordancewiththenarrativeofthestory.DefinedintermsofSau

24、ssure'sstructuralistlinguistics,thishorizontalaxiscanbeviewedasacombinationofsuccessfulenergyterms.Eachletteronthecrossaxiscanbereplacedbyafinitenumber,andthefunctionalitemusedforreplacementcanformanaggregationrelationship.Inthisway,the100RussianmagicstoriesintheAfanasyevtalesareabstractedintoam

25、agicstoryformula.Three,themisunderstandingofProppTheresearchobjectofPropplockintheAfanasyevtalesin100Russianmagicalstory,butpeopleseemtoignorethispointnaturallyorhalfunconsciously,Levi?StrausssaidthatPropp'sconclusionisnotsuitableforliterarycreation.Proppverybluntlysaid:ProfessorStraussLeviquote

26、dmeassaying?,MyconclusionisnotapplicableorhunaudWallisGoethe'sstoryandgenerallydoesnotapplytothewriter'sartstory,hecitedthesewords7/10againstme,Ithinkthatinthiscasetheconclusioniswrong.Butthereisnothingwrongwiththeseconclusions;theysimplydonothavethekindofoverarchingsignificancethatmyrespect

27、edcriticswanttogivethem.(thestorymorphologyP182)arethe31functionstudentsmechanically,fortheanalysisofHollywoodmovies,itisveryfarfetched.Somereaderseventhinkthatreadingthisbookcanbeuseddirectlyformulatoguidecreation,itismorefunny.StudyontheProppimportantthanhisconclusions,buthismethod.It'sawidely

28、usedmethodofanalyzingthousandsofstories,andperhapshundredsofformulas.WecanfeelthatmostHollywoodmoviescomefromthesamepattern,inthisway,tofindtheHollywoodformulahiddenbehindthesemoviestories.So,doesthismeanthatthestorywillloseitsmeaning?Inthisregard,Proppinthemagictaleofhistoricalroots,said:thestoryis

29、notrichinthestructure,butinavarietyofwaystoachievethesamestructuralfactors.(thehistoricalrootsofthemagictales.)P49Four,startingfromTwoproblemsofloplop:First,hedoesnotspecifywhatcriteriaareusedtodistinguishonefunctionfromanother.Forexample,Levi?Straussbelievedthatthepairedfunctionisafunctionthattheyb

30、emadeone.Inthisway,thePuzzleandsolutionshouldberegardedasafunction最新資料推薦item,nottwo.Proppexplainedthatthefeaturepairsisperformedbydifferentpeople,itshouldberegardedasthetwofunctionratherthana.ButIthinkthatLevi?Strauss'squestionisjustified.NotonlytodistinguishfunctionProppactionasthestandard,andt

31、aketheactorasthestandard,itisinevitabletobringdifficultiesinlaterstudies.Thestandardproblemoffunctionaldifferentiationisactuallythequestionofwhatisthesmallestunitofmeaning.Inordertosolvethisproblem,thelaternarratologydidnottakemucheffort.Forexample,Thompsonsmotif,Levi?Strauss'sstructure,CarlJung

32、'sprototype.However,whatisthesmallestunitofmeaninginastorythathasnotbeensolvedtoday?.Second,hisconclusionisnotgeneralenough.AlthoughProppusedsomeRussianletters,thestoryisabstractedamagicformulastory,likemathematicsandscience,buthisresearchcontentandformaremixedtogether,theRussianlettersandformulaisactuallylikedecoration,buttoshowtheauthortosciencenearthedesire.Inthebook,thehistoricalrootsofthemagictales,thealphabetsystemwascompletelyabandoned.Theresultofthemixofcontentandformis