language-points-unit1-BOOK2必修二第1單元語法

1、人教課標(biāo)人教課標(biāo)高一高一 必修必修 2Unit 1Only one passengers _ the air-crash. survivedFortunately he survived the traffic accident.2. 她丈夫去世后她又活了二十年。她丈夫去世后她又活了二十年。 She survived her husband by twenty years. 1. 幸運地是，他從車禍中幸存。幸運地是，他從車禍中幸存。3. 洪水后極少有人生還。洪水后極少有人生還。 Few survived after the flood. survivor (n.) 幸存者幸存者 surviva

2、l (n.) 幸存幸存Language points1. survive vi. 幸存，生還，比幸存，生還，比活得長活得長 n. 幸存者幸存者 survivoreg. The custom has survived for thousands of years. vt. 從從中逃生，經(jīng)歷中逃生，經(jīng)歷后繼續(xù)存在后繼續(xù)存在eg. Only two people survived the fire.經(jīng)過這次地震，三分之二的人活了下來。經(jīng)過這次地震，三分之二的人活了下來。Two-thirds of the people survived the earthquake.1) He _ (在這次墜機(jī)事故中

3、幸存下來在這次墜機(jī)事故中幸存下來). 2) The house _ (經(jīng)受住了暴風(fēng)雨經(jīng)受住了暴風(fēng)雨). 3) This custom _(還保存著還保存著). 4) She lived five years longer than her husband. = She _ her husband _ five years. survived (in) the plane crash survived the stormstill survivessurvived by5) Fortunately he _the traffic accident.6) The helicopter picked

4、 up all the _.7) They prayed (祈禱祈禱) for the _ of the sailors (水手水手). survivorssurvivalsurvivedHe bought me _ _ _ _ to ask me to marry him. (貴重的鉆貴重的鉆戒戒) a valuable diamond ringThis dictionary is _ _ to you. value n. 價值，重要性價值，重要性 of value She went _ _ _ a doctor for her sick boy. 她去為她生病的孩子找醫(yī)生。她去為她生病的孩

5、子找醫(yī)生。 in search ofThe policeman _ everyone _ the lost diamond at the scene of crime. searchedfor 1. search: 1) n. 搜索搜索 in search of 搜索，搜索，(以以) 尋找尋找 They are in search of the missing girl. 他們正在尋找那個失蹤的女孩。他們正在尋找那個失蹤的女孩。 I looked everywhere in search of my glasses. 2) v. 搜查搜查 search sb./ sth. 搜身搜身/搜查搜查

6、search for 尋找尋找 search for 在在中尋找中尋找Language pointsin the search for7. amazing 令人驚喜的令人驚喜的 an amazing achievement/discovery 驚人的成就驚人的成就/發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn) amazed adj. 吃驚的吃驚的, 驚奇的驚奇的 I was amazed at his stupidity.這臺機(jī)器獨特的設(shè)計可防止機(jī)器溫度過高。這臺機(jī)器獨特的設(shè)計可防止機(jī)器溫度過高。The machines _ _ prevents it from overheating.unique design這個房間是為孩子

7、們設(shè)計的。這個房間是為孩子們設(shè)計的。This room _ _ _ children.was designed for這項規(guī)劃目的在于幫助無家可歸的動物。這項規(guī)劃目的在于幫助無家可歸的動物。This project _ _ _ _ homeless animals.is designed to help歸納：歸納：be designed to do sth 目的是目的是 ；be designed for sth./sb. 打算給打算給用用; 為為而設(shè)計的而設(shè)計的拓展：拓展：n. make designs / a design 設(shè)計設(shè)計 in design 在設(shè)計上在設(shè)計上 by design

8、故意地故意地The building was burnt down by design.我不能想象他做這樣的事情。我不能想象他做這樣的事情。I cant _ _ _ such a thing.fancy his doing這只狗想象自己是超人。這只狗想象自己是超人。The dog _ _ _ a superman.fancies himself as歸納：歸納：fancy adj. 奇特的奇特的; 異樣的異樣的 vt. 想象想象; 設(shè)想設(shè)想; 喜歡喜歡People will wear fancy dress at the party. fancy +從句從句 以為以為fancy +(ones)

9、 doing 想象想象(某人某人)做某事做某事fancy sb. as/(to be) 認(rèn)為某人是認(rèn)為某人是Dont fancy(別以為別以為) you can succeed without hard work.in stylein the style of 以以的風(fēng)格的風(fēng)格in the fancy style 以奇特的風(fēng)格以奇特的風(fēng)格他買了一幅畢加索風(fēng)格的畫。他買了一幅畢加索風(fēng)格的畫。He bought a painting in the style of Picasso.我喜歡他的辦事風(fēng)格。我喜歡他的辦事風(fēng)格。I like his style/way of doing things.5.

10、 style n. 風(fēng)格，風(fēng)度，類型風(fēng)格，風(fēng)度，類型He has developed his own style of writing.大廳裝飾著鮮花。大廳裝飾著鮮花。 The great hall _ _ _ flowers.is decorated with 6. belong to (只能用于主動語態(tài)只能用于主動語態(tài)) 屬于；是屬于；是的成員的成員/一部分；同一部分；同有關(guān)有關(guān)This is my pen. = This pen belongs to me.All the cultural relics belong to all the mankind.這桌上所有的書都是屬于他的。這桌

11、上所有的書都是屬于他的。All the books on the desk belong to him.改錯：改錯：1) The house was belonged to an old lady.2) China is a country is belonging to the Third World.3) As a writer, he really belongs the 18th century.4) This lamp is belonging to the table. belongs to1. 中國是個發(fā)展中國家，屬于第三世界。中國是個發(fā)展中國家，屬于第三世界。China is

12、a developing country, _ the Third World.belonging to2. 我不喜歡他所在的那所學(xué)校。我不喜歡他所在的那所學(xué)校。I dislike the school _ _ _ _.to which he belongs7. in return 作為回報作為回報, 作為回饋作為回饋He bought me a present for my birthday. I gave him a dictionary in return. in return for 作為作為的回報；以報答的回報；以報答 = in reward forI bought him a dr

13、ink in return for his help.What should I do in return for his kindness?in turn 依次依次, 逐個地逐個地The girls called out their names in turn.那些女孩逐一報出自己的名字。那些女孩逐一報出自己的名字。1) He bought her a gold watch _ (以答謝她的幫助以答謝她的幫助). 2) I came to thank you and _the coat you lent me. A. return B. returned C. return to D. re

14、turn back in return for her help A 8. reception n. 接待接待, 接待會接待會 a reception room/hall 接待室接待室/大廳大廳 reception desk (旅館等的旅館等的) 接待處；柜臺接待處；柜臺 give a warm reception to sb. 熱情地接待熱情地接待 受到受到的友好接待的友好接待 get a friendly reception from sb. 舉行招待會舉行招待會 hold a receptionRussia and Georgia are _ _.at war1. 他將手從她的肩膀上拿開

15、。他將手從她的肩膀上拿開。2. 他去掉鞋上的泥。他去掉鞋上的泥。 3. 過來把你的濕上衣脫掉。過來把你的濕上衣脫掉。4. 那位官員必須免職。那位官員必須免職。He _ _ _ from her shoulder.He _ _ _ from his shoes. Come and _ _ _ _. That officer must _ _. removed the mudremove your wet coatbe removedremoved his handremove: 排除，去掉排除，去掉 = get rid of He removed all his doubts.remove: 開

16、除，把開除，把解聘解聘/免職免職= dismissHe was removed from school. remove & move共性共性: 兩者均可用作動詞兩者均可用作動詞, 表示表示“移動移動”。remove 側(cè)重于側(cè)重于“拿開拿開, 取走取走”。move表示表示“移動移動, 搬動搬動”, 側(cè)重于指改變位置。側(cè)重于指改變位置。eg.誰動我的書了誰動我的書了?Who has moved my book? 不許動不許動! 否則我就開槍了。否則我就開槍了。Dont move, or Ill shoot.1. 我在這個城市住了不到一年。我在這個城市住了不到一年。I have been i

17、n this city for _ _ _ _.2. 死傷者不少于五十人。死傷者不少于五十人。 There were _ _ _ 50 killed and wounded. 3. 這個城市人口超過一百萬。這個城市人口超過一百萬。This city has a population of _ _ 1, 000, 000. less thana yearno less thanmorethan4. 箱子里至多有五本書。箱子里至多有五本書。There are _ _ _ five books in the case. 5. 金錢不過是我們的仆人。金錢不過是我們的仆人。Money is _ _ _

18、our servant. not more thanno more than毫無疑問我們做得對。毫無疑問我們做得對。他的誠實毫無疑問。他的誠實毫無疑問。There is no doubt that we did the right thing.There is no doubt about / of his honesty._ _ _ we can get the first place in the competition._ _ _ _ he will tell us the truth.1. 我懷疑我們是否能在比賽中得第一。我懷疑我們是否能在比賽中得第一。2. 我不懷疑他會告訴我們真相。

19、我不懷疑他會告訴我們真相。I doubt whetherI dont doubt that11. doubt n. 懷疑懷疑, 疑惑疑惑 v. 懷疑懷疑, 不信不信1) Do you doubt _ she will succeed?2) I doubt _ he will keep his word.3) I have no doubt _ he will win the game.thatif/whetherthate.g. 我不懷疑他會告訴我們真相。我不懷疑他會告訴我們真相。I dont doubt that he will tell us the truth.eg. There is

20、no need to buy the book now.Theres no possibility (可能性可能性) that(Its) no wonder (that) 難怪難怪-He left his cellphone in the office. -No wonder he couldnt find it at home. Do you doubt that we won the game?Theres no need (需要需要) to do/for sth/sb.歸納：在歸納：在肯定句肯定句中常接中常接whether/if 從句從句, 在在否定句否定句和疑問句和疑問句中常接中常接

21、that 從句。從句。1)這輛自行車值這輛自行車值50英鎊。英鎊。_2)這個博物館這個博物館(非常非常)值得參觀。值得參觀。The museum _The bicycle is worth 50.is (well) worth a visit.12. worth prep./n. / adj. be worth +錢數(shù)錢數(shù) be (well) worth + n 值得值得be worth doing sth. 值得做某事值得做某事3)這本書值得買。這本書值得買。The book is _worth buying. worthy: adj. 值得的值得的 be worthy to be done

22、 be worthy of being done be worthy of + n. The museum is worthy of a visit.e.g. This suggestion is worthy to be considered /of being considered.這個建議值得考慮。這個建議值得考慮。worth adj. 只能做表語只能做表語1. take apart: 拆開拆開 take a watch apart tell sth apart: 區(qū)分區(qū)分, 分別分別 apart from =except / besides 除了除了之外之外(還還)eg: Lets t

23、ake the radio apart and seewhats wrong with it. I cant tell the twins apart.I cant _ Jane and Sue _. They look so alike.A. tell, from B. tell, betweenC. tell, apart D. take, apartC 2. prove: vt 證明, 證實 (1) prove +n. / pron Can you prove your courage to us?(2) Prove + n. + (to be) + n. /adj. 證明證明是是The

24、 fingerprints on the knife proved him (to be) the murderer.(3) prove +賓語從句賓語從句Can you prove that you are not telling lies?The rumor(謠言謠言) proved (to be) false.He proved a very useful friend.The book proved very useful.3. consider: (1) 考慮考慮 +n/ pron/ doing(2)認(rèn)為認(rèn)為 consider sb to be / as 認(rèn)為某人認(rèn)為某人Have y

25、ou considered going to the zoo?We all consider him (to be/as) an honest ve vi/vt. 被發(fā)現(xiàn)是, 結(jié)果是, 表現(xiàn)出(自己)是 prove (oneself) (to be) adj./n./介詞短語 此時無被動式, 無進(jìn)行時4. trial n. 審判審判/審訊審訊/試驗試驗 trial and error 反復(fù)試驗反復(fù)試驗, 不斷摸索不斷摸索 make a trial 試一下試一下, 進(jìn)行試驗進(jìn)行試驗5. agree with (1) 同意某人同意某人/某人的話某人的話/某人的觀點某人的觀點/意見意見

26、/看法看法 /決定等詞決定等詞 eg. sb /sbs words/ what sb said/ opinion / view/ idea /decisionI agree with all of what you said.(2) 與與保持一致保持一致The verb must agree with the subject in person and number.(3) (氣候、食物等氣候、食物等) 適合某人適合某人Bananas do not agree with me.agree on 就就達(dá)成一致的協(xié)議或取得達(dá)成一致的協(xié)議或取得一致的意見一致的意見, 主語常是協(xié)商一件事的主語常是協(xié)商

27、一件事的人們或單位。人們或單位。They agreed on the date for the meeting. agree to (to是介詞是介詞) 表示同意某事，后面接表示同意某事，后面接建議建議/提議提議/辦法辦法/計劃計劃/安排安排/條件等詞條件等詞 eg: plan / suggestion / proposal/ arrangement / terms (條件條件/條款條款)He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday.agree to do sth 同意做某事同意做某事He agreed to lend his bike t

28、o me.We agreed to start early. rather than 連接兩個主語時, 謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)該與 rather than之前的一個保持一致。 eg. She rather than you is right.rather than常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)中常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)中: 寧愿寧愿而不愿而不愿would do A rather than do Bwould rather do A than do Bprefer to do . rather than do .6. rather than 而不是，連接兩個并列成分。而不是，連接兩個并列成分。7. by the light

29、of the moon 借助月光8. to ones surprise/ amazement / joy/ delight /sorrow/ excitement / disappointment 使某人驚訝使某人驚訝/高興高興/難過難過/興奮興奮 /失望的是失望的是9. the entrance to 的入口的入口 the answer to 的答案的答案 the key to 的鑰匙的鑰匙/ 的關(guān)鍵的關(guān)鍵 the right to sth 擁有某物的權(quán)利擁有某物的權(quán)利 the notes to the text 課文的注釋課文的注釋 a reply to a letter 回信回信 a s

30、ecretary to a president 總統(tǒng)的秘書總統(tǒng)的秘書10. by oneself 獨自地獨自地 / 獨自一人獨自一人She used to sit by herself and read books. He finished his homework by himself.for oneself 親自親自, 獨自獨自/為了自己為了自己Do it for yourself.A week later I decided to go and see for myself.11. think highly of = think well/much of 對某人評價好對某人評價好 / 看

31、重看重think lowly /badly/ ill / little/ poorly of 對某人評價不好對某人評價不好 /輕視輕視We all think highly of him.12. debate n / v 爭論爭論, 辯論辯論open/close a debate 開始開始/ 終止辯論終止辯論debate sth with sb 與某人辯論與某人辯論/爭辯爭辯 debate about / on / over sth 為為爭論爭論/ 爭辯爭辯Who opens the debate?They debated for three hours on the plan.13. tak

32、e turns to do sth = take turns (at) doing sth= do sth by turns 輪流做某事輪流做某事 in turn 依次依次, 一個一個地一個一個地 by turns 輪流輪流, 交替交替 The nurses took turns to watch the patient. We kept watching the baby by turns.Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russ

33、ian people would have such a strange history.普魯士國王威廉一世絕不可能想到他送普魯士國王威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人的最偉大的禮物會有這樣一給俄羅斯人的最偉大的禮物會有這樣一段離奇的歷史。段離奇的歷史。Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such a strange history.此句為復(fù)合句，句中含有此句為復(fù)合句，句中含有 tha

34、t 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的_；主句謂語動詞為；主句謂語動詞為 _, could not have done意為意為_, 對過去所發(fā)對過去所發(fā)生事情的否定推測。生事情的否定推測。賓語從句賓語從句could never have imagined絕不可能絕不可能 could have done 可能做過；本來可以做可能做過；本來可以做(卻未做卻未做) might have done 或許做過；本來或許會做或許做過；本來或許會做 may have done 或許做過或許做過 would have done 本來要做本來要做(卻未做卻未做) must have done 肯定已做過肯定已做過(表推測表推測) n

35、eednt have done 本來沒必要做本來沒必要做(卻已做卻已做) should(nt) have done 本來本來(不不)應(yīng)該做應(yīng)該做(卻沒做卻沒做/做做 ought(nt) to have done 了了)情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + have done 表示對過去發(fā)生的表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測、批評、反悔等意。如：事情的推測、批評、反悔等意。如：You should have told him about it yesterday. The ground is wet everywhere. It must have rained last night.Exercise: 1)_(我本

36、可以我本可以把錢借給他把錢借給他), but he didnt tell me he needed it.2)_ (你一定你一定感到很緊張感到很緊張) when you spoke in front of so many people.I could have lent him moneyYou must have felt very nervousWe knew he _ for it, because he had no money. A. couldnt have paidB. could have paidC. mustnt have paidD. might have paidIt

37、was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make.它也是用金銀珠寶裝飾起來的珍品，一批它也是用金銀珠寶裝飾起來的珍品，一批國家最優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家用了大約十年的時間國家最優(yōu)秀的藝術(shù)家用了大約十年的時間才把它完成。才把它完成。句中句中decorated with gold and jewels做做treasure的的_, which make為為_, which做主語。做主語。后置定語后置定語非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句Th

38、e clever boy made a hole in the wall,_ he could see _ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to the palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.后來葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了后來葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了

39、圣圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中。彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中。此句中含有此句中含有where引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的_, 修飾修飾先行詞先行詞_; 主句謂語動詞主句謂語動詞_, 意思為意思為“讓某物被做讓某物被做”。定語從句定語從句the palacehave sth. doneThe train _ she was traveling was late. A. which B. whereC. on which D. in that He was born in the year _ the Anti-Japanese War broke out. A. which B. when C. on which D

40、. during which In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.在在1770年，琥珀屋按照她想要的方式年，琥珀屋按照她想要的方式完成了。完成了。此句為復(fù)合句，含有一個定語從句此句為復(fù)合句，含有一個定語從句 _, 先行詞是先行詞是_, 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 _, 做從句的賓語，被省略。做從句的賓語，被省略。she wantedthe waythat/whichThat is the way _ the boy spoke to the teacher. A. which B. howC. that D. whereThere is no

41、doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運往哥尼斯堡，當(dāng)時德國在波羅的海邊的往哥尼斯堡，當(dāng)時德國在波羅的海邊的一個城市。一個城市。此句為復(fù)合句，此句為復(fù)合句， 句中含有句中含有that引導(dǎo)的名引導(dǎo)的名詞詞doubt的的 _; which引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的_。同位語從句同位語從句非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句2. remain vi 1)剩余，

42、剩下剩余，剩下 remain (+副詞副詞 / 介詞短語介詞短語) The children ate and ate until no food remained on the table. 2) 停留，留下，逗留停留，留下，逗留(比比stay正式正式) remain (+副詞副詞) After the party Judy remained and helped me do the dishes. How long will you remain here?3) 仍是，依然仍是，依然 remain + 形容詞形容詞/名詞名詞/介詞短語介詞短語 (系表結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu))What really ha

43、ppened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman. The weather still remained warm in October. 4) 尚待尚待, 留待留待 remain + to do A lot of work remains to be done. It remains to be seen whether he will pass. 他是否能通過考試他是否能通過考試仍不得而知。仍不得而知。拓展拓展: remaining adj. 剩下的剩

44、下的(作前置定語作前置定語)remain standing/seated 一直站著一直站著/坐著坐著remain/keep silent 保持沉默保持沉默注意注意: remain 沒有被動語態(tài)沒有被動語態(tài), 表達(dá)表達(dá)“留下來留下來被做被做”時用時用 sth. remains to be done The fact remains to be proved. 事實尚待證明。事實尚待證明。類比延伸類比延伸: remain / stay 1) I went to the city, but my brother _ at home.2) Let things _ as they are.3) Ill _ here for a short time.4) I visited a lot of friends when I _ in that city.remained remainstay stayed 1) The police_ him to see if he had a gun. A. searched for B. searched C. in search of D. looked for2) Many farmers go into towns and