動(dòng)名詞講解與練習(xí)

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞之動(dòng)名詞一定義動(dòng)名詞，就是動(dòng)詞后加ing的形式，即doingsth.它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，所以叫做動(dòng)名詞”。動(dòng)名詞的否定形式在動(dòng)名詞前加not.二.動(dòng)名詞ing形式的變化規(guī)則。1。一般在詞尾直接加ing.2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e再加ing。3。以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫最后一個(gè)字母后加ing。4。少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變ie為y,再加ing.三作用一）作主語1 .動(dòng)名詞用作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).ReadingFrenchiseasierthanspeakingit.閱讀法文比講法語容易。Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall。和他說

2、話等于對(duì)牛彈琴。Smokingcancausecancer.吸煙會(huì)致癌。Growingrosesisherhobby。種玫瑰是她的愛好.2 .有時(shí)it作形式主語，把動(dòng)名詞主語放在句子后面。It'sniceseeingyouagain再次見至U你太好了.Itwastiringdrivingfrommorningtillnight.從早至U晚開車彳艮累人.It'sawondermeetingyouhere在這里碰至U你真是奇跡。Itwasawasteoftimereadingthatbook?？茨潜緯抢速M(fèi)時(shí)間。3。動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞有自己的邏輯主語時(shí)，?？梢栽谇懊婕由?/p>

3、一個(gè)名詞或代詞的所有格，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（這時(shí)，名詞或代詞的所有格做動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語）。動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)也可以在句中作主語注意比較下面兩個(gè)句子的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系：Idon'tmindsmokinghere.Idon'tmindhissmokinghere注意：在口語中，如果動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，其中的物主代詞常用人稱代詞賓格，名詞所有格常用名詞普通格來代替，但在句首做主語時(shí)不能這樣來代替。【例題】翻譯句子（需包含動(dòng)名詞相關(guān)形式）：介意我用下你的電腦嗎？?爸爸堅(jiān)決要求他的兒子上大學(xué)。.瑪麗病了，使她媽媽很著急。_。_他抽煙使他一家人非常生氣。.4.動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式作主語的區(qū)別：動(dòng)

4、詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞都可以用作主語。在意義上相近。但動(dòng)名詞多用來表示泛指或抽象動(dòng)作，一般不與特定的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者聯(lián)系在一起；不定式多用來表示具體的動(dòng)作或行為，往往與特定的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者聯(lián)系在一起。比較以下句子:Savingmoneyisagoodhabit。Tosavemoneyisnoteasyforme二）作賓語卜列動(dòng)詞之后只能跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語。想要feellike完成finish練習(xí)practice介意建議值得后悔enjoymindsuggestbeworthregret保持keep承認(rèn)admit避免avoid考慮consider否認(rèn)deny想象imagine禁不住can'thelp忙bebu

5、sy堅(jiān)持insiston放棄giveup2。介詞before/after/while/without等后要跟doing形式.Heleftwithoutsayingaword.3.以下以介詞結(jié)尾的短語后面begoodat/dowellin擅長(zhǎng)于beafraidof擔(dān)心befondof/bekeenon喜歡betiredof厭倦lookforwardto盼望;payattentionto注意;beusedto習(xí)慣于;beusedfor被用于;preferdoingtodoing喜歡。.o而不喜歡）對(duì)感興趣beinterestedin(haveinterestinthanksfor感謝howabou

6、t/whataboutdoing做什么事情怎么樣三）作定語動(dòng)名詞作定語表示其修飾的名詞的性質(zhì)，或用途或功能.兩者在邏輯上無主謂關(guān)系。但可以改為一個(gè)for加動(dòng)名詞的短語。swimmingpool=apoolforswimming游泳?tkdrinkingwater飲用水waitingroom候車室sleepingbag睡袋sleepingpill安眠藥writingdesk寫字桌writingpaper信紙operatingtable手術(shù)臺(tái)readingroom閱覽室playingground運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)washingmachine洗衣機(jī)washingpowder洗衣粉四）作表語Herhobbyisp

7、ainting.她的愛好是繪畫.Herjobwastendingthesheep.她的工作是放羊.Themainthingisgettingthereintime.首要的事是及時(shí)到達(dá)那里。四動(dòng)名詞的習(xí)慣用法：1. Itisnouse/good/need+doing,做.。.沒用/不/？/沒必要Itisnouse/good/needmakinganexcuseforthis。為此找借口是沒用的/不好的/沒必要的.2. havedifficulty/trouble/problems(in)doing,做有困難havefun(in)doing做彳艮好玩Wehavegreatdifficultyins

8、olvingtheproblem。我們?cè)诮鉀Q這一問題時(shí)碰到了大難題.3以time為中心的詞組后接動(dòng)名詞haveagood/hardtime(in)+doing過得很艱難/玩得很開心spend/wastetimedoing花時(shí)間/浪費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事Wehadagoodtimeplayinggamestogether.OnSundayIalwaysspendalotoftimehelpingmymothertodohousework.4 .go+doing:動(dòng)詞go常與一些表示運(yùn)動(dòng)或休閑的動(dòng)名詞連用表示進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。Goboating/sightseeing/shopping/swimming/ska

9、ting/climbing去劃船/觀光/購物/游泳/溜冰/爬山5 .動(dòng)詞do常與一些表示室內(nèi)活動(dòng)的動(dòng)名詞連用表示進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)Do(some)cooking/cleaning/reading/sewing/shopping/washing做飯/打掃/讀書/做針線活/購物/洗衣服6。在allow,advise,permit等動(dòng)詞后直接跟動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞，如果后面已有名詞或代詞作賓語，后面就只能再跟動(dòng)詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語。allow/advise/permitdoingallow/advise/permitsbtodosthWedon'tallowsmoking/studentstosmoke

10、here。7。need/want/require后接doing表示某事需要被做“，也可以用不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)tobedoneTheflowersneedwatering。Theflowersneedtobewatered.8。表示工感(feel)二聽(hear,listento)四看(see,watch,lookat,notice)"的詞。后加省去to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或動(dòng)作的全過程。后加doing形式做賓語補(bǔ)主語，表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。9。keep/prevent/stopsb/sthfromdoing阻止某人/某物做其中prevent和stop之后的from可以省

11、去，而keep后的不可省TheGreenGreatWallkeepsthewindfromblowingawaythesoilandsand10 .用于"Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中。Thereisaboyswimmingintheriver。11 .用于布告形式的省略結(jié)構(gòu)中禁止吸煙NoSmoking!禁止停車NoParking!五以下動(dòng)詞既可以加不定式，也可以加動(dòng)名詞，但表達(dá)的意義不一樣。1 .forgettodo忘記去做某事（沒有做）forgetdoing忘記做了某事（做了）2 .remembertodo記得要做（沒有做）rememberdoing記得做過（做了）3 。stoptodo停

12、下來去做另外一件事stopdoing停止正在做的事4 .trytodo盡力做某事trydoing嘗試做某事5 .meantodo打算做某事meandoing意味著做某事6 .like/lovetodo喜歡做某事（一時(shí)的選擇）like/lovedoing愛好做某事（一向的習(xí)慣）7.goon/continuetodo繼續(xù)去做另一件事goon/continuedoing繼續(xù)去做同一件事動(dòng)名詞練習(xí)題（一）一.單項(xiàng)選擇.1. Itwasgreatfunapicniconthehill.A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.had2. Hisfatheragreed$4,000forthecar

13、.AowithpayingB.topayingC.topayD.onpaying3. Todayweusemachinesusdomostofourwork.A.tohelpB.helpC。helpingD。helped4. Shepreferredmethere。AotostayB。wouldstayC.IstayD.stay5. We'regoingtohelpthetrees。AowateredB.wateringC。towateringD.water6. TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfromtheearthaway.AoblowB.toblo

14、wC。blowingD.blew7. isbadforourhealth。AoDoingeyeexercisesB。GotobedearlyC.EatingtoomuchD.Takingawalk8. WuDongisgoodatEnglish.A.speakB。speaksC.speakingD。Spoke9. Mostofthechildrenenjoycomputergames.A.playB.playingC.playedD.toplay10. Whatafineday!Howaboutoutforawalk?AogoB。togoC.goneD。Going11. Marywentaft

15、ershefinishedherwork.Aoswim;doingB.toswim;todoC.toswim;doingD.swimming;todo12. Wouldyoumindthewindow,please?It'scoldoutside.A.tocloseBoclosingC.closedD。close13. Afridgeisusedforvegetableandfoodcool.A.keptBokeepingC.tokeepD.keeps14. Thefarmersonthefarmarebusyapplesonthetrees。A.pickingB.topickC。pi

16、ckD.picked15. Whenclassbegan,westoppedtotheteachercarefully.AolisteningB.listenC.listensD.tolisten16. Iusuallyforgetthedoor,butIremembereditwhenIleftyesterday.Aoclosing;closingB.toclose;tocloseCoclosing;tocloseD。toclose;closing17. Whereismypassport?Irememberithere。Youshouldn'thaveleftithere.Reme

17、mberitwithyouallthetime。A.toput;totakeB.putting;takingC.putting;totakeD.toput;taking18。 Afterfinishinghishomeworkhewentonalettertohisparents.A.writeB。writingC.wroteD。towrite19。 Ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinishmycar.AorepairingB.repairC。torepairD。repaired20。 Jacksaidthathewouldn'tmindforus.A。

18、towaitBowaitC。waitingD.waited21。 oMybrotherkeepsmewithmywork.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD。helped22。 WeshouldoftenpractiseEnglishwitheachother。A。tospeakB.spokeC.speakD.speaking23。 KeeponandyouwillsucceedA。atryB。tryC。triingD.trying24。 Thestorywassofunnythatwe.A.couldn'thelplaughB.can'tbutlaughC.co

19、uldn'thelplaughingD.couldn'thelpbuttolaugh25。 Whatabouttotheconcertwithus?26。 .Don'tforgetthisbooktoJohnwhenyouseehim。AotoreturnB。returningCoreturnD。toreturning27。 .Iregrettedthattoher.A.havingsaidB。tohavesaidC.tosayDo/二.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1。 Shedidn'tmindovertime。(work)2。 WearelookingforwardtoMary's.(come)3