商務(wù)英語(yǔ)常用詞匯[1]

1、商務(wù)英語(yǔ)詞匯economist 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家 socialist economy 社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì) capitalist economy 資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)collective economy 集體經(jīng)濟(jì)planned economy 計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) controlled economy 管制經(jīng)濟(jì)rural economics 農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)liberal economy 經(jīng)濟(jì) mixed economy 混合經(jīng)濟(jì)political economy 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)protectionism 保護(hù)主義autarchy 閉關(guān)自守primary sector 初級(jí)成分 private sector 私營(yíng)成分,私營(yíng)部門(mén)public

2、sector 公共部門(mén),公共成分economic channels 經(jīng)濟(jì)渠道economic balance 經(jīng)濟(jì)平衡economic fluctuation 經(jīng)濟(jì)波動(dòng)economic depression 經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退economic stability 經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定economic policy 經(jīng)濟(jì)政策economic recovery 經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)原understanding 約定trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特爾infrastructure 基本建設(shè)scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滯,蕭條,不景氣initial capital 創(chuàng)辦資本frozen capital 凍結(jié)資金 r

3、eal estate 不動(dòng)產(chǎn),房地產(chǎn) circulating capital, working capital 流動(dòng)資本reserve 準(zhǔn)備金,儲(chǔ)備金calling up of capital 催繳資本 allocation of funds 資金分配contribution of funds 資金捐獻(xiàn)working capital fund 周轉(zhuǎn)基金revolving fund 循環(huán)基金,周轉(zhuǎn)性基金contingency fund 意外開(kāi)支,準(zhǔn)備金reserve fund 準(zhǔn)備金 buffer fund 緩沖基金,平準(zhǔn)基金sinking fund 償債基金 self-financing 自籌

4、經(jīng)費(fèi),經(jīng)費(fèi)自給current account 經(jīng)常帳戶 (美作:checking account) current-account holder 支票帳戶 (美作:checking-account holder)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 無(wú)記名支票,來(lái)人支票 crossed cheque 劃線支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票 chequebook 支票簿,支票本(美作:checkbook) endorsement 背書(shū)transfer 轉(zhuǎn)讓,轉(zhuǎn)帳,過(guò)戶 ready money 現(xiàn)錢(qián)ready money busin

5、ess, no credit given 現(xiàn)金交易,概不賒欠banknote, note 鈔票,紙幣 (美作:bill) convertibility 可兌換性 convertible currencies 可兌換貨幣foreign exchange 外匯 floating exchange rate 浮動(dòng)匯率free exchange rates 匯兌市場(chǎng)foreign exchange certificate 外匯兌換券 hard currency 硬通貨speculation 投機(jī)saving 儲(chǔ)裝,存款 depreciation 減價(jià),貶值 devaluation (貨幣)貶值 rev

6、aluation 重估價(jià)runaway inflation 無(wú)法控制的通貨膨脹 deflation 通貨緊縮 capital flight 資本外逃securities business 證券市場(chǎng) stock exchange 貢市場(chǎng) stock exchange corporation 證券交易所stock exchange 證券交易所,貢交易所 quotation 報(bào)價(jià),牌價(jià) share 股份,貢shareholder, stockholder 貢持有人,股東 dividend 股息,紅利 cash dividend 現(xiàn)金配股stock investment 貢投資 investment

7、trust 投資信托 stock-jobber 貢經(jīng)紀(jì)人stock company, stock brokerage firm 證券公司 securities 有價(jià)證券 share, common stock 普通股preference stock 優(yōu)先股 income gain 股利收入 issue 發(fā)行貢 par value 股面價(jià)格, 票面價(jià)格bull 買(mǎi)手,多頭 bear 賣(mài)手, 空頭 assigned 過(guò)戶 opening price 開(kāi)盤(pán) closing price 收盤(pán)hard times 低潮 business recession 景氣衰退 doldrums 景氣停滯 dull

8、 盤(pán)整ease 松弛raising limit 漲停板 break 暴跌 bond, debenture 債券Wall Street 華爾街short term loan 短期貸款 long term loan 長(zhǎng)期貸款medium term loan 中期貸款 lender 債權(quán)人creditor 債權(quán)人 debtor 債務(wù)人,借方borrower 借方,借款人 borrowing 借款 interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 貼現(xiàn),折扣 rediscount 再貼現(xiàn) annuity 年金 maturity 到期日,償還日amortization 攤銷(xiāo),

9、攤還,分期償付 redemption 償還 insurance 保險(xiǎn) mortgage 抵押allotment 撥款short term credit 短期信貸 consolidated debt 合并債務(wù)funded debt 固定債務(wù),長(zhǎng)期債務(wù)floating debt 流動(dòng)債務(wù) drawing 提款,提存 aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 補(bǔ)貼,補(bǔ)助金,津貼cost 成本,費(fèi)用expenditure, outgoings 開(kāi)支,支出 fixed costs 固定成本 overhead costs 營(yíng)業(yè)間接成本overheads 雜項(xiàng)開(kāi)支,間接成本 opera

10、ting costs 生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用,營(yíng)業(yè)成本 operating expenses 營(yíng)業(yè)費(fèi)用running expenses 日常費(fèi)用,經(jīng)營(yíng)費(fèi)用 miscellaneous costs 雜項(xiàng)費(fèi)用overhead expenses 間接費(fèi)用,管理費(fèi)用 upkeep costs, maintenance costs 維修費(fèi)用,養(yǎng)護(hù)費(fèi)用transport costs 運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用 social charges 社會(huì)負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有費(fèi)用apportionment of expenses 分?jǐn)傎M(fèi)用income 收入,收益earnings 利潤(rùn),收

11、益 gross income, gross earnings 總收入,總收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,總利潤(rùn),利益毛額 net income 純收益,凈收入,收益凈額average income 平均收入national income 國(guó)收入 profitability, profit earning capacity 利潤(rùn)率,贏利率yield 產(chǎn)量收益,收益率 increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值duty 稅 taxation system 稅制 taxation 征稅,納稅 fiscal charges 財(cái)務(wù)稅收pr

12、ogressive taxation 累進(jìn)稅制 graduated tax 累進(jìn)稅 value added tax 增值稅income tax 所得稅land tax 地租,地價(jià)稅 excise tax 特許權(quán)稅 basis of assessment 估稅標(biāo)準(zhǔn)taxable income 須納稅的收入fiscality 檢查 tax-free 免稅的 tax exemption 免稅taxpayer 納稅人 tax collector 收稅員China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T. 中國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委

13、員會(huì)National Council for US-China Trade 美中貿(mào)易全國(guó)理事會(huì)Japan-China Economic Association 日中經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)會(huì)Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)會(huì)British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英國(guó)國(guó)際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會(huì)International Chamber of Commerce 國(guó)際商會(huì)International Union of Marine Insurance

14、國(guó)際海洋運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn)協(xié)會(huì)International Alumina Association 國(guó)際鋁礬土協(xié)會(huì)Universal Postal Union, UPU 萬(wàn)國(guó)郵政聯(lián)盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 關(guān)稅合作理事會(huì)United Nations Trade and Development Board 聯(lián)合國(guó)貿(mào)易與發(fā)展理事會(huì)Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與開(kāi)發(fā)組織European Economic Community, EEC, European Common M

15、arket 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體European Free Trade Association, EFTA 歐洲貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 歐洲貿(mào)易區(qū)Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 經(jīng)濟(jì)互助委員會(huì)Eurogroup 歐洲集團(tuán)Group of Ten 十國(guó)集團(tuán)Committee of Twenty(Paris Club) 二十國(guó)委員會(huì)Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎統(tǒng)籌委員會(huì)Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Assoc

16、iation, CARIFTA 加勒比共同市場(chǎng)（加勒比貿(mào)易同盟）Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市場(chǎng)Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市場(chǎng)African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲與馬爾加什共同組織East African Common Market, EACM 東非共同市場(chǎng)Centra

17、l African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非關(guān)稅經(jīng)濟(jì)同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油輸出國(guó)組織Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC 阿拉伯石油輸出國(guó)組織Commonwealth Preference Area 英聯(lián)邦特惠區(qū)Centre National du Commerce Exterieur

18、, National Center of External Trade 法國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易中心People's Bank of China 中國(guó)人銀行Bank of China 中國(guó)銀行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 國(guó)際復(fù)興開(kāi)發(fā)銀行World Bank 世界銀行International Development association, IDA 國(guó)際開(kāi)發(fā)協(xié)會(huì)International Monetary Found Agreement 國(guó)際貨幣基金協(xié)定International Monetary Foun

19、d, IMF 國(guó)際貨幣基金組織European Economic and Monetary Union 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)與貨幣同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 歐洲貨幣合作基金B(yǎng)ank for International Settlements, BIS 國(guó)際結(jié)算銀行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲開(kāi)發(fā)銀行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美國(guó)進(jìn)出口銀行National city Bank of New York 花旗銀行American Oriental Banking Corporation

20、美豐銀行American Express Co. Inc. 美國(guó)萬(wàn)國(guó)寶通銀行The Chase Bank 大通銀行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美開(kāi)發(fā)銀行European Investment Bank, EIB 歐洲投資銀行Midland Bank,Ltd. 米蘭銀行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士聯(lián)合銀行Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦銀行Bank of Tokyo,Ltd. 東京銀行Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港匯豐銀行International Finance

21、Corporation, IFC 國(guó)際金融公司La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同體Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 聯(lián)合國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會(huì)理事會(huì)United Nations Development Program, NUDP 聯(lián)合國(guó)開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃署United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 聯(lián)合國(guó)資本開(kāi)發(fā)基金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 聯(lián)合國(guó)工業(yè)發(fā)展組織United Nations Co

22、nference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 聯(lián)合國(guó)貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會(huì)議Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 糧食與農(nóng)業(yè)組織, 糧農(nóng)組織Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亞洲及遠(yuǎn)東經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Western Asia, EC

23、WA 西亞經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)Overseas Chinese Investment Company 華僑投資公司New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 紐約證券交易所London Stock Market 倫敦貢市場(chǎng)Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波羅的海商業(yè)和航運(yùn)交易所receptionist 接待員 typist 打字員key puncher 電腦操作員 stenographer 速記員telephone operator 電話接線員progra

24、mmer 電腦程序員system analyst 系統(tǒng)分析員shorthand typist 速記打字員office girl 女記事員public servants 公務(wù)員national public servant 國(guó)家公務(wù)員local public service employee 地方公務(wù)員nation railroad man 國(guó)營(yíng)鐵路職員tracer 繪圖員illustrator 匯稿員saleswoman 女店員pilot 駕駛員simultaneous 同時(shí)譯員publisher 出版人員graphic designer 美術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)員delivery boy 送報(bào)員secret

25、ary 秘書(shū)policeman 警察journalist 記者editor 編輯interpreter 通譯者director 導(dǎo)演talent 星探actor 男演員actress 女演員photographer 攝影師scholar 學(xué)者translator 翻譯家novelist 小說(shuō)家playwright 劇作家linguist 語(yǔ)言學(xué)家botanist 植物學(xué)家economist 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家chemist 化學(xué)家scientist 科學(xué)家philosopher 哲學(xué)家politician 政治學(xué)家physicist 物理學(xué)家astropologist 人類(lèi)學(xué)家archaeologist

26、 考古學(xué)家geologist 地質(zhì)學(xué)家expert on folklore 俗學(xué)家mathematician 數(shù)學(xué)家biologist 生物學(xué)家zoologist 動(dòng)物學(xué)家statistician 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家physiologist 生理學(xué)家futurologist 未來(lái)學(xué)家artists 藝術(shù)家painter 畫(huà)家musician 音樂(lè)家composer 作曲家singer 歌唱家designer 設(shè)計(jì)家sculptor 雕刻家designer 服裝設(shè)計(jì)師宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的 macroeconomic通貨膨脹 inflation破產(chǎn) insolvency有償還債務(wù)能力的 solvent合同 contr

27、act匯率 exchange rate緊縮信貸 tighten credit creation私營(yíng)部門(mén) private sector財(cái)政管理機(jī)構(gòu) fiscal authorities寬松的財(cái)政政策 slack fiscal policy稅法 tax bill財(cái)政 public finance財(cái)政部 the Ministry of Finance平衡預(yù)算 balanced budget繼承稅 inheritance tax貨幣主義者 monetariest增值稅 VAT (value added tax)收入 revenue總需求 aggregate demand貨幣化 monetization

28、赤字 deficit經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣 recessiona period when the economy of a country is not successful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and there is a lot of unemployment 經(jīng)濟(jì)好轉(zhuǎn) turnabout復(fù)蘇 recovery成本推進(jìn)型 cost push貨幣供應(yīng) money supply生產(chǎn)率 productivity勞動(dòng)力 labor force實(shí)際工資 real wage

29、s成本推進(jìn)式通貨膨脹 cost-push inflation需求拉動(dòng)式通貨膨脹 demand-pull inflation雙位數(shù)通貨膨脹 double- digit inflation極度通貨膨脹 hyperinflation長(zhǎng)期通貨膨脹 chronic inflation治理通貨膨脹 to fight inflation最終目標(biāo) ultimate goal壞的影響 adverse effect擔(dān)保 ensure貼現(xiàn) discount蕭條的 sluggish認(rèn)購(gòu) subscribe to支票帳戶 checking account貨幣控制工具 instruments of monetry con

30、trol借據(jù) IOUs(I owe you)本票 promissory notes貨幣總監(jiān) controller of the currency拖收系統(tǒng) collection system支票清算或結(jié)算 check clearing資金劃撥 transfer of funds可以相信的證明 credentials 改革 fashion被纏住 entangled貨幣聯(lián)盟 Monetary Union再購(gòu)協(xié)議 repo精明的討價(jià)還價(jià)交易 horse-trading歐元 euro公共債務(wù) membership criteria匯率機(jī)制 REM儲(chǔ)備貨幣 reserve currency勞動(dòng)密集型 la

31、bor-intensive貢交易所 bourse競(jìng)爭(zhēng)領(lǐng)先 frontrun牛市 bull market非凡的牛市 a raging bull規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) scale economcies買(mǎi)方出價(jià)與賣(mài)方要價(jià)之間的差價(jià) bid-ask spreads期貨（貢） futures經(jīng)濟(jì)商行 brokerage firm回報(bào)率 rate of return貢 equities違約 default現(xiàn)金外流 cash drains經(jīng)濟(jì)人傭金 brokerage fee存款單 CD(certificate of deposit營(yíng)業(yè)額 turnover資本市場(chǎng) capital market布雷頓森林體系 The Br

32、etton Woods System經(jīng)常帳戶 current account套利者 arbitrager遠(yuǎn)期匯率 forward exchange rate即期匯率 spot rate實(shí)際利率 real interest rates貨幣政策工具 tools of monetary policy銀行倒閉 bank failures跨國(guó)公司 MNC ( Multi-National Corporation)商業(yè)銀行 commercial bank商業(yè)票據(jù) comercial paper利潤(rùn) profit本票，期票 promissory notes監(jiān)督 to monitor傭金（經(jīng)濟(jì)人） commi

33、ssion brokers套期保值 hedge有價(jià)證券平衡理論 portfolio balance theory外匯儲(chǔ)備 foreign exchange reserves固定匯率 fixed exchange rate浮動(dòng)匯率 floating/flexible exchange rate貨幣選擇權(quán)（期貨） currency option套利 arbitrage合約價(jià) exercise price遠(yuǎn)期升水 forward premium多頭買(mǎi)升 buying long空頭賣(mài)跌 selling short按市價(jià)訂購(gòu)貢 market order貢經(jīng)紀(jì)人 stockbroker國(guó)際貨幣基金 the

34、 IMF七國(guó)集團(tuán) the G-7監(jiān)督 surveillance同業(yè)拆借市場(chǎng) interbank market可兌換性 convertibility軟通貨 soft currency限制 restriction交易 transaction充分需求 adequate demand短期外債 short term external debt匯率機(jī)制 exchange rate regime直接標(biāo)價(jià) direct quotes資本流動(dòng)性 mobility of capital赤字 deficit本國(guó)貨幣 domestic currency外匯交易市場(chǎng) foreign exchange market國(guó)際儲(chǔ)

35、備 international reserve利率 interest rate資產(chǎn) assets國(guó)際收支 balance of payments貿(mào)易差額 balance of trade繁榮 boom債券 bond資本 captial資本支出 captial expenditures商品 commodities商品交易所 commodity exchange期貨合同 commodity futures contract普通貢 common stock聯(lián)合大企業(yè) conglomerate貨幣貶值 currency devaluation通貨緊縮 deflation折舊 depreciation貼

36、現(xiàn)率 discount rate歸個(gè)人支配的收入 disposable personal income從業(yè)人員 employed person匯率 exchange rate財(cái)政年度f(wàn)iscal year企業(yè) free enterprise國(guó)生產(chǎn)總值 gross antional product庫(kù)存 inventory勞動(dòng)力人數(shù) labor force債務(wù) liabilities市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy合并 merger貨幣收入 money income跨國(guó)公司 Multinational Corproation個(gè)人收入 personal income優(yōu)先貢 preferred

37、stock價(jià)格收益比率 price-earning ratio優(yōu)惠貸款利率 prime rate利潤(rùn) profit回報(bào) return on investment使貨幣升值 revaluation薪水 salary季節(jié)性調(diào)整 seasonal adjustment關(guān)稅 tariff失業(yè)人員 unemployed person效用 utility價(jià)值 value工資 wages工資價(jià)格螺旋上升 wage-price spiral收益 yield補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易 compensatory trade, compensated deal儲(chǔ)蓄銀行 savings banks歐洲聯(lián)盟 the European U

38、nion單一的實(shí)體 a single entity抵押貸款 mortgage lending業(yè)主產(chǎn)權(quán) owner''''s equity普通股 common stock無(wú)形資產(chǎn) intangible assets收益表 income statement營(yíng)業(yè)開(kāi)支 operating expenses行政開(kāi)支 administrative expenses現(xiàn)金收支一覽表 statement of cash flow貿(mào)易中的存貨 inventory收益 proceeds投資銀行 investment bank機(jī)構(gòu)投資者 institutional investor壟斷

39、兼并委員會(huì) MMC招標(biāo)發(fā)行 issue by tender定向發(fā)行 introduction代銷(xiāo) offer for sale直銷(xiāo) placing公開(kāi)發(fā)行 public issue信貸額度 credit line國(guó)際債券 international bonds歐洲貨幣Eurocurrency利差 interest margin以所借的錢(qián)作抵押所獲之貸款 leveraged loan權(quán)利股發(fā)行 rights issues凈收入比例結(jié)合 net income gearing外貿(mào)中常見(jiàn)英文縮略詞1 C&F(cost&freight)成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)價(jià)2 T/T(telegraphictra

40、nsfer)電匯3 D/P(document against payment)付款交單4 D/A(document against acceptance)承兌交單5 C.O (certificate oforigin)一般原產(chǎn)地證6 G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制7CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)紙箱8 PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、個(gè)、支等9DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元10 DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打11PKG(package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等12 WT(weight)重

41、量13 G.W.(grossweight)毛重14 N.W.(net weight)凈重15 C/D (customsdeclaration)報(bào)關(guān)單16 EA(each)每個(gè)，各17 W (with)具有18w/o(without)沒(méi)有19 FAC(facsimile)傳真20IMP(import)進(jìn)口21 EXP（export)出口22 MAX(maximum)最大的、最大限度的23 MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度24 M 或MED(medium)中等，中級(jí)的25 M/V（merchant vessel)商船26S.S(steamship)船運(yùn)27 MT或M/T(metric t

42、on)公噸28 DOC(document)文件、單據(jù)29 INT（international)國(guó)際的30 P/L (packinglist)裝箱單、明細(xì)表31 INV (invoice)發(fā)票32 PCT(percent)百分比33 REF （reference)參考、查價(jià)34 EMS （express mailspecial)特快傳遞35 STL.(style)式樣、款式、類(lèi)型36T或LTX或TX(telex)電傳37 RMB（renminbi)人幣38 S/M （shippingmarks)裝船標(biāo)記39 PR或PRC(price) 價(jià)格40 PUR(purchase)購(gòu)買(mǎi)、購(gòu)貨41 S/C（

43、sales contract)銷(xiāo)售確認(rèn)書(shū)42 L/C （letter ofcredit)信用證43 B/L （bill of lading)提單44 FOB （free onboard)離岸價(jià)45 CIF（cost,insurance&freight)成本、保險(xiǎn)加運(yùn)費(fèi)價(jià)補(bǔ)充：CR=credit貸方，債主DR=debt借貸方（注意：國(guó)外常說(shuō)的debtcard，就是銀行卡，creditcard就是信譽(yù)卡。這里都是指銀行和財(cái)務(wù)公司說(shuō)的，你的銀行卡，是你將錢(qián)放入銀行，銀行是“借貸方”，所以叫做debt卡。用credit卡，是你從銀行或者財(cái)政公司借錢(qián)，銀行或公司是“貸方”，所就叫credit.）

44、Exp=Expense花費(fèi)，費(fèi)用O/H=overhead常用開(kāi)支TC=totalcost總費(fèi)用FC=fixed cost常設(shè)費(fèi)用VC=variablecost變動(dòng)費(fèi)用P=profit竟利潤(rùn)S=sales銷(xiāo)售總額Rev=revenue利潤(rùn)MC=marginalcost費(fèi)用差額GM=gross margin毛利MR=marginalrevenue利潤(rùn)差額A/R=acount receivable待收款（銷(xiāo)售后，記賬以后收取。）A/P=accountpayable代付費(fèi)（花費(fèi)后記賬，以后付費(fèi)。）PMT=payment支付款N/I=netincome純收入AMT=amount數(shù)額DCT=discoun

45、t打折OCCUPATION & EMPLOYMENT 職業(yè)與就業(yè)accountant n. 會(huì)計(jì)air hostess 女乘務(wù)員，空姐applicant n. 申請(qǐng)人appoint v. 任命appointment n. 任命assistant n. 助理attendant n. 服務(wù)員auditor n. 查帳員banker n. 銀行家barber n. 為男士理發(fā)的理發(fā)師book keeper n. 記帳員broker n. 經(jīng)紀(jì)人businessman n. 商人buyer n. 采購(gòu)員capable a. 有能力的career n. 職業(yè)certificate n. 證書(shū)ch

46、emist n. 藥劑師clerk n. 辦事員current (present) post 現(xiàn)在的工作dentist n. 牙醫(yī)designer n. 設(shè)計(jì)家detective n. 偵探diploma n. 文憑，學(xué)位director n. 長(zhǎng)（主任）dismiss v. 解雇drawer n. 出票人，開(kāi)票人，抽屜employee n. 雇員employer n. 雇主engineer n. 工程師executive n. 行政官experienced staff 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的雇員freelance n. 職業(yè)者（作家、演員等）full-time job 專(zhuān)職工作graduate n. 畢業(yè)

47、生hairdresser n. 理發(fā)師interview n. v. 面試job agency 職業(yè)介紹所judge n. 法官laborer n. 勞工landlady n. 女房東lawyer n. 律師manager n. 經(jīng)理managing director n. 總經(jīng)理manufacturer n. 制造商newsagent n. 報(bào)刊銷(xiāo)售人newspaper reporter 記者office worker 辦公室工作人員officer n. 官員operator n. 接線員out of work 失業(yè)packer n. 包裝工part-time job 非專(zhuān)職工作perman

48、ent job 固定職業(yè)photographer n. 照相師pilot n. 飛行員politician n. 政治家postman n. 郵遞員president n. 總裁，董事長(zhǎng)previous job 以前的工作price controller 物價(jià)員prime minister 總理principal n. 校長(zhǎng)producer n. 制造者professor n. 教授purchaser n. 采購(gòu)員qualification n. 資格quality controller 質(zhì)量管理員receptionist n. 接待員recommend v. 推薦redundancy n.

49、過(guò)剩，多余，累贅redundant a. 過(guò)剩的，多余的，累贅的resign v. 辭職resume n. 簡(jiǎn)歷retailer n. 零售商retire v. 退休sack v. n. 解雇sales rep(representative) 銷(xiāo)售代表salesman n. 銷(xiāo)售員scientist n. 科學(xué)家secretary n. 秘書(shū)shop assistant 售貨員shopkeeper n. 店主skilled workers 技術(shù)工人specialist n. 專(zhuān)家specialize in v. 專(zhuān)長(zhǎng)staff recruitment 雇員招聘supervisor n. 主管人

50、temporary job 臨時(shí)職業(yè)to apply for 申請(qǐng)to take on 雇傭typist n. 打字員unemployment n. 失業(yè)vacancy n. 空缺（職位）wholesaler n. 批發(fā)商workforce n. 勞動(dòng)力TYPES OF COMPANY & BUSINESS 行業(yè)名稱banking n. 銀行業(yè)construction n. 建筑業(yè)correspondence n. 通信education n. 教育electronics n. 電子學(xué)entertainments n. 娛樂(lè)finance n. 財(cái)經(jīng)，金融health n. 保健imp

51、ort/ export n.v. 進(jìn)/出口manufacture n. 制造業(yè)press n. 報(bào)刊，新聞界printing n. 印刷業(yè)producing n. 生產(chǎn)業(yè)programming n. 編程publishing n. 出版science n. 科學(xué)telecommunications n. 通訊trade union n. 工會(huì)transporting n. 運(yùn)輸DIVISIONS & DEPARTMENTS 公司部門(mén)accounts n. 會(huì)計(jì)部administration n. 行政管理部advertising n. 廣告部assembly line 裝配線assem

52、bly plant 裝配工廠canteen n. 餐廳，小賣(mài)部clinic n. 門(mén)診所customer account 帳務(wù)部distribution n. 分銷(xiāo)部financial services 財(cái)務(wù)服務(wù)部forwarding company 運(yùn)輸公司group n. 集團(tuán)head office 總部headquarters n. 總部human resources 人力資源部maintenance n. 維修部management n. 管理部marketing n. 營(yíng)銷(xiāo)部packaging n. 包裝部personnel n. 人事部production n. 生產(chǎn)部public

53、 relations 公關(guān)部purchasing n. 采購(gòu)部quality control 質(zhì)量管理部research and development 調(diào)研部sales n. 銷(xiāo)售部training n. 培訓(xùn)部wages and salaries 工資部常用縮略語(yǔ)表accounts帳目aerospace太空algebra(alg)代數(shù)學(xué)(代數(shù))anatomy(anat)解剖學(xué)(解剖)architecture(archit)建筑學(xué)(建筑)arithmetic(arith)算術(shù)(算術(shù))art藝術(shù)astronomy(astron)天文學(xué)(天文)ballet芭蕾舞biblical圣經(jīng)的，圣經(jīng)中的(

54、圣經(jīng))biology(biol)生物學(xué)(生物)book-keeping傳記botany(bot)植物學(xué)(植物)business貿(mào)易(貿(mào)易)chemistry (chem)化學(xué)(化學(xué))cinema電影commerce(comm)商業(yè)(商)computer(comp) 電子計(jì)算機(jī)(計(jì)算機(jī))cricket 板球戲ecclesiastical(eccles)教會(huì)的(教會(huì))engineering(eng)工程學(xué)(工程)electricity(electr)電學(xué)(電)farming 農(nóng)業(yè)finance(fin)財(cái)政學(xué)(財(cái)政)football足球gambling賭博geology(geol)地質(zhì)學(xué)(地質(zhì))g

55、eometry(geom)幾何學(xué)(幾何)grammar(gram)文法(文法)history(hist)歷史(史)journalism新聞學(xué)legal法律linguistics(ling)語(yǔ)言學(xué)(語(yǔ)言)mathematics(maths)數(shù)學(xué)(數(shù)學(xué))mechanics(mech) 機(jī)械學(xué)(機(jī)械)medical(med)醫(yī)學(xué)(醫(yī))meteorology(met)氣象學(xué)(氣象)military(mil)軍語(yǔ)(軍)music音樂(lè)mythology(myth) 神話nautical(naut)航海(航海)pathology(path) 病理學(xué)philosophy(phil)哲學(xué)(哲)phonetics

56、(phon) 語(yǔ)言學(xué)(語(yǔ)言)photography(photo)攝影術(shù)(攝影)physics(phys)物理學(xué)(物理)physiology(physiol)生理學(xué)(生理)politics(pol)政治學(xué)(政治)psychology(psych)心理學(xué)(心理)racing賽馬，賽車(chē)radio telegraphy(radio)無(wú)線電報(bào)(無(wú)線電)rugger橄欖球science 科學(xué)sport運(yùn)動(dòng)tennis網(wǎng)球theatre 戲劇trigonometry(trig)三角學(xué)(三角)zoology(zool)動(dòng)物學(xué)(動(dòng)物)centre of population 城市city 城capital 首都

57、metropolis 大都市centre 市中心(美作:center)shopping centre 商業(yè)區(qū)municipality 市政當(dāng)局municipal 市的,市政的district 區(qū)residential area 居區(qū),住宅區(qū)urban 市區(qū)的suburb 近郊區(qū)outskirts 郊區(qū)slums 貧窟,貧區(qū)shantytown 貧區(qū)village 村hamlet 小村hole, dump 狹小破舊的住房locality 所在地Chinese quarter 唐人街extension 范圍,擴(kuò)展house 房子building 樓房skyscraper 摩天樓flat 居住單元,

58、套房shop, store 商店department stores 百貨公司bazar, bazaar 市場(chǎng)market 市場(chǎng),集市junk shop 舊貨店newsstand 報(bào)攤Commodity Exchange 商品交易所Stock Exchange 貢交易所town hall 市政廳Lawcourt 法院church 教堂cathedral 大教堂chapel 小禮拜堂cemetery 墓地,公墓grave, tomb 墳,墓school 學(xué)校university 大學(xué)library 圖書(shū)館theatre 劇院 (美作:theater)museum 博物館zoological garden 動(dòng)物園fairground, fun fair 游樂(lè)園stadium 體育場(chǎng)gener