初中英語時(shí)態(tài)超好講解

1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)初中英語語法（初中英語語法（1 1） 萬道凱萬道凱動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)歌謠動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)歌謠一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原型；動(dòng)詞用原型；一般時(shí)一般時(shí)單數(shù)三人稱，單數(shù)三人稱，動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞加“s” s” 。一般過去時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞加“ed”ed”。I work.He works. I worked.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí), ,進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)例句：例句：I am working.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí), ,am,is,are,-ingam,is,are,-ing。was,were,-ingwas,were,-ing。例句：例句：I was working.將來時(shí)將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)，

2、一般將來時(shí)，wouldwould加原型。加原型。過去將來時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，willwill加原型。加原型。I will work.I would work.完成時(shí)完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，have/hashave/has加過分。加過分。I have worked.過去完成時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)，had had 加過分。加過分。I had worked.各種時(shí)態(tài)的用法各種時(shí)態(tài)的用法一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1 1. .用法：用法：A.A.現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性經(jīng)常性的的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作或或狀態(tài)狀態(tài) B.B.客觀事實(shí)客觀事實(shí)和和真理真理。2 2. .標(biāo)志詞標(biāo)志詞: :always,usually,often, alw

3、ays,usually,often, sometimes, never,every day sometimes, never,every day /week /month/year/week /month/year/1.The boy usually_(get) to school early.gets2.Light _(travel)faster than s二、一般過去時(shí)二、一般過去時(shí)1.用法：用法：過去過去的的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作或或狀態(tài)狀態(tài)。2.標(biāo)志詞：標(biāo)志詞：yesterday,the day before yesterday, three days ago, last

4、night/week/month,in the past；just now=a moment ago點(diǎn)擊中考點(diǎn)擊中考Li Ming didnt understand what American people said,_? (2004北京市中考北京市中考)A.couldnt heB.could heC.didnt heD.did he三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.用法：用法：A.現(xiàn)刻動(dòng)作現(xiàn)刻動(dòng)作：目前正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。：目前正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。B.現(xiàn)階段動(dòng)作現(xiàn)階段動(dòng)作：目前一個(gè)時(shí)期一直在進(jìn)：目前一個(gè)時(shí)期一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，此刻不一定在進(jìn)行。行的動(dòng)作，此刻不一定在進(jìn)行。2.標(biāo)志詞：標(biāo)志詞：now,Lo

5、ok! Listen!中考模擬中考模擬：-Mike, who_football in the yard? -Let me go and see. （20042004順義）順義）A.has playedB.will play C.was playingD.is playing1.Look!What_the children_ over there?2.Those workers_here these months.A.are workB.are workedC.workD.are workingA.are;do B.are;doingC.is;doD.is doing3.-How_you_alo

6、ng with your workmates? -Very well.A.do;get B.will;get C.can;get D.are;getting4.-Must I water the flowers now? -No, you neednt. Jack_them.A.is wateringB.wateringC.watersD.is watered注意注意A A. .有幾個(gè)有幾個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞可以用可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表表將將來，如：來，如：begin,start,come,go,leavebegin,start,come,go,leave。1.-Lucy! Would y

7、ou like to give me a hand? -OK. I_. A.will comeB.come C.am comingD.would come2.-When_you_for Toronto? -Tomorrow.A.do;leaveB.are;leavingC.will;leavingD.shall;leave The boy _always _ us! (夸贊夸贊)A.is;helpingB.does;helpC.can;helpD./;helpB B. .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和alwaysalways連用，表示說話連用，表示說話人較強(qiáng)烈的人較強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩。感情色彩。You

8、_ always _ the same mistake!(責(zé)備責(zé)備)A.do;makeB.does;makeC.is;makingD.are;making四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.用法：用法：過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.標(biāo)志詞：標(biāo)志詞：at that time,this time yesterday,then,when1.Father_when I _yesterday morning. A.still slept,got up B.was still sleeping,got up C.is sleeping,got up D.sleeps,get up2.Sh

9、e_apples in her garden when I_to see her yesterday.A.picked，went B.was picking， wentC.picked，was going D.was picking，was going五、一般將來時(shí)五、一般將來時(shí)1.用法：用法：將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：will shall be going to 3.標(biāo)志詞：標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in three days,in (the) future,next week/month/term, from now o

10、n+V.(原型原型)（第一人稱）（第一人稱）4.shall/will/be going to之間的區(qū)別：之間的區(qū)別： 1計(jì)劃計(jì)劃決定要做某事，一般用決定要做某事，一般用be going to do 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)。shall往往用于往往用于第一人稱疑問句第一人稱疑問句, will可用于任何人稱可用于任何人稱。2will常用于表常用于表邀請邀請或或命令命令時(shí)以及時(shí)以及帶有帶有意愿色彩意愿色彩。31.There_two meetings tomorrow afternoon. A.are going to be B.are going to haveC.is going to be D.will hav

11、e2.The twins_to the cinema with their parents tonight.A.will go B.would goC.are go D.went3.-When_we have the meeting? -At 8. A.areB.shallC.would D.will 4.-When_you_for London? -Next week. A.will;leavingB.are;leaving C.shall;leaveD.have;left六、過去將來時(shí)六、過去將來時(shí)1.用法：用法：從過去看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。從過去看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：would

12、was/were/going to+ +v.v.( (原型原型) )1.-What did he say yesterday? -He said he_to Sydney next week.A.goesB.will goC.would go D.are going 2.-Did your son fail his English exam once again? -Yes, but he told me he_hard next term.A.studiesB.is studyingC.will studyD.would study試題：試題：1.用法：用法： 12七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)七、現(xiàn)在完成

13、時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去過去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在影響影響：作業(yè)都作業(yè)都做完了，我能出做完了，我能出去玩會(huì)兒嗎？去玩會(huì)兒嗎？這該死的！我都等了這該死的！我都等了一個(gè)小時(shí)了，他怎么一個(gè)小時(shí)了，他怎么還不來？還不來？過去過去的動(dòng)作對的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在的影響。的影響。I have finished my homework. 過去過去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在。I have stayed here for an hour！2.標(biāo)志詞：標(biāo)志詞： already, just, yet, ever, never, so far(till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3

14、 years, before, since+時(shí)間時(shí)間點(diǎn)點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段時(shí)間段3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的異同點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的異同點(diǎn)：共同點(diǎn)：共同點(diǎn)：動(dòng)作都在動(dòng)作都在過去過去。不同點(diǎn)：不同點(diǎn)：和和現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在有無關(guān)系。有無關(guān)系。(與現(xiàn)與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的過去動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在完成，與現(xiàn)在在有關(guān)的過去動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在完成，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)的過去動(dòng)作用一般過去。無關(guān)的過去動(dòng)作用一般過去。)4.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：121have gone to+地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn),表示表示“去了去了某地某地”。（人已走人已走，尚未回。只用于，尚未回。只用于第三人稱第三人稱。）。）They have gone to Europe.(They are

15、not here.)have been to+地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn),表示表示“去過去過某某地地”。（人已回人已回）I have been to Europe.(I am not in Europe now.)3have been in+地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)+時(shí)間段時(shí)間段,表示表示“在在/來來某地多久某地多久”。I have been in Europe for three weeks.(I am now still in Europe .)25.瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 若句中出現(xiàn)若句中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間段時(shí)間段，則必須使用，則必須使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)。瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系如下：

16、詞轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系如下：begin/startbe ongo therebe thereleavebe awayget homebe homediebe deadopenbe openjoinbe in / be a member ofclosebe closedget to knowknowget marriedbe marriedborrowkeepcome herebe herebuyhave1.The film began 5 minutes ago.2.They left an hour ago.3.The man died a week ago.4.He joined the club 3

17、 days ago.5.They got married 10 years ago.6.He came here an hour ago.7.Jack got home 2 hours ago.8.Mum opened the door just now.9.They got to know 10 years ago.10.I borrowed the book a week ago.11.I bought the car a year ago.The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes.They_ _ _for an hour.The man_ _ _ for a week.He

18、_ _ _the club for 3 days.They_ _ _for 10 years.He_ _ here since an hour ago.Jack_ _home for 2 hours.The door_ _open for a while.They_ _since 10 years ago. I_ _the book for a week.I_ _the car since a year ago.has been onhave been awayhas been deadhas been inhave been marriedhas beenhas beenhas beenha

19、ve knownhave kepthave had1.-What a nice bike! How long_you_it? -Just two weeks.(2004北京市中考北京市中考)A.will;buy B.did;buy C.are;having D.have;had2.-How long have you_here? -Since 1997.A.arrived B.moved C.come D.lived3.-I cant find my pen._you_it anywhere? -No.Look!Whats that under your book?A.Have;seenB.D

20、o;see C.Did;see D.Had;seen4.-Im sorry to have kept you waiting. -Oh,not at all.I_here for only a few minutes.A.will be B.wasC.amD.have been5.I wont go to see the film because I_the ticket.(2002河南)A.lostB.have lostC.will lost D.didnt lost八、過去完成時(shí)八、過去完成時(shí)1.用法：發(fā)生在用法：發(fā)生在 過去的過去過去的過去的動(dòng)作。的動(dòng)作。 They had got ma

21、rried when he came back. got married came back現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去過去的過去過去的過去我來晚了！我來晚了！沒希望了！沒希望了！終于結(jié)婚終于結(jié)婚了！好幸了！好幸福呀！福呀！現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2.標(biāo)志詞：標(biāo)志詞： by the end of,by the time,when+一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)是一種相對存在的時(shí)態(tài)，判定時(shí)必須根據(jù)過去完成時(shí)是一種相對存在的時(shí)態(tài)，判定時(shí)必須根據(jù)上下文找到一個(gè)可以作為參照點(diǎn)的過去時(shí)間，上下文找到一個(gè)可以作為參照點(diǎn)的過去時(shí)間，在此參照點(diǎn)在此參照點(diǎn)前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作都可以用過去完成時(shí)。都可以用過去完成時(shí)。注意：

22、注意：1.We_learning 1000 words by the end of last term.1.We_learning 1000 words by the end of last term.A.finishedA.finished B.have finishedB.have finished C.had finishedC.had finishedD.finishD.finish2.The train_when we got to the station.2.The train_when we got to the station.A.leavesA.leavesB.have le

23、ftB.have left C.were leaving C.were leaving D.had D.had leftleft3.By the time he returned,his son_supper.3.By the time he returned,his son_supper.A.cooks BA.cooks B.had cooked C.has cooked.had cooked C.has cooked D.was D.was cookingcooking1.Sorry,I_to help you at ten.I was busy at the moment. A.wont

24、 come B.cant come C.didnt come D.shouldnt come2.He_this pen for five years.He_it in 1997. A.has bought,bought. B.bought,bought C.has kept,has bought D.has had,bought3.She_the flowers in the garden when I_to see her yesterday. A.watered，went B.was watering， went C.watered，was going D.was watering，was

25、 going4.I don t know if my friend_.If he _,Ill let you know. A.comes,comes B.comes, will come C.will come,comes D.will come,will come5.John said he_ supper.He was quite full. A.had had B.was having C.had D.has eaten 6.There_two parties next week. A.are going to be B.are going to have C.is going to b

26、e D.will have7.It_10 years since I_here. A.is,come B.is,have come C.was,came D.is,came8.-Kate likes eating chocolate. -_. Look, she is eating.(2003十堰市十堰市) A.So Lucy doesB.So does Lucy C.So they doD.So do they9.Kate_to bed until her mother_back. A.wont go,come B.hadnt gone, came C.went,came D.didnt g

27、o,came10.His brother_from home for a long time. A.has left B.has been away C.left D.will leave 11.-Lucy,_you_your ticket? -Not yet. (2003河北省河北省) A.did;find B.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find12.-_to the United States?（2003安徽）安徽） -No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago.A.Have you beenB.Have you g

28、one C.Did you goD.Have you went13.The man who lived on the island thought he_ never_. (2001廣州廣州)A.will;found B.would;be found C.is;foundB.had;been found14.-I dont know if his uncle_. -I think he_if it doesnt rain. (2003重慶重慶）A.will come; comes B.will come; will comeC.comes; comesD.comes; will come15.-Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning,_? -No,she got up too late.(2003河北）河北）A.had sheB.hadn