第二版新視野大學(xué)英語第四冊讀寫教程unit5課件

1、Choose to Be Alone on PurposeNew Horizon College EnglishUnit 5 : Section ABackground InformationText StudySummaryWritingLead - in45Warming Up45 social / gregarious animals bees ants elephants primate animals solitary animals turtles tigers spiders 45N H C EN H C EOur topic today is “l(fā)iving alone”. L

2、ike it or not, it is true of the American life that many people live alone. For most of them, living alone is a compelled choice, whereas, for some others, it is a matter of preference. Do you choose to live in solitude? Why or Why not?BackN H C EN H C EBackground Information Henry David Thoreau was

3、 a US thinker, essayist, and naturalist. Thoreau graduated from Harvard University and taught school for several years before leaving his job to become a poet of nature. In the years 1845-1847, to demonstrate how satisfying a simple life could be, he lived in a hut beside Concords Walden Pond; essay

4、s recording his daily life were assembled for his masterwork, Walden, or Life in the Woods (1854). N H C EN H C EBackground InformationBack John Milton was an English poet and pamphleteer. He attended the University of Cambridge (1625-1632), where he wrote poems in Latin, Italian, and English. His P

5、aradise Lost (1667, 1674), was considered to be the greatest epic poem in English.Considered the greatest English poet after William Shakespeare, Milton had wide influence on later literature. Text StudyNew WordsN H C EN H C E預(yù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)小結(jié)小結(jié)導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)入寫作寫作N H C EN H C ENew Words solitarya.獨自的；喜歡獨處的獨自的；喜歡獨處的 tame

6、v./a.馴服，控制馴服，控制 / 溫順的溫順的 pond n.C 池塘池塘 inspirationn.C, U 靈感靈感 solituden.U 獨居，孤獨獨居，孤獨 commodity n.1. C 必需品必需品 2. C商品，貨物商品，貨物 sunlight n. U陽光，日光陽光，日光 benign a.善良的，慈祥的，溫和的善良的，慈祥的，溫和的 cushionn.C 坐墊，墊子坐墊，墊子 creep vi.潛行；躡手躡腳地移動潛行；躡手躡腳地移動BackN H C EN H C ENew Words poetry n.U詩，詩歌詩，詩歌 dictatev. 1. 口述；口授口述；口

7、授 2. 命令；指使命令；指使 kettlen.C水壺水壺 priestn.1. 代表人物代表人物 2. 神父；牧師神父；牧師 reliancen.U依靠；依賴依靠；依賴 self-reliance n.U 自立；自力更生自立；自力更生 hutn.C 小屋小屋 axen.C 斧子斧子 saucern. C 茶托；茶碟茶托；茶碟 laundryn.1. U 待洗或剛洗好的衣物待洗或剛洗好的衣物 2. C洗衣店洗衣店BackN H C EN H C ENew Words companionablea.友善的，友好的友善的，友好的 egon.1.自我自我 2. 自我價值感自我價值感 humble a

8、.1. 謙遜謙遜/謙虛的謙虛的 2. 地位地位/身份低下的身份低下的 inadequatea.不充分的，不充足的不充分的，不充足的 plural a./n.復(fù)數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)的 / 復(fù)數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)形式 apology n.C 道歉道歉 soak v.長時間泡浴長時間泡浴 / 使?jié)裢?，浸濕使?jié)裢福?pint n.C 品脫品脫 （液量單位液量單位） waterproof a. 防水的，不透水的防水的，不透水的 slippery a.滑的滑的BackN H C EN H C ENew Words observation n.C,U 評論評論/觀察；注意觀察；注意 choke v.1. 說不出話來說不出話來

9、 2. （使）窒息；（使）窒息； parcel n.C 包裹包裹 parrot n.C鸚鵡鸚鵡 sportsman n.C 運動員運動員 skate vi.溜冰，滑冰溜冰，滑冰 skater n.C 溜冰者，滑冰者溜冰者，滑冰者 self-centereda.自我為中心的，自私的自我為中心的，自私的 sealvi.封；密封封；密封BackN H C EN H C EPhrases and expressionson purpose故意，特意故意，特意cast out趕走，驅(qū)逐趕走，驅(qū)逐speak highly of對對給與高度評價；贊揚給與高度評價；贊揚seek out找到；找出找到；找出se

10、t forth出發(fā)，動身出發(fā)，動身stretch out1.拉伸，拉長拉伸，拉長 2. 躺平，舒展躺平，舒展back up1.（使）積壓；（使）擁塞（使）積壓；（使）擁塞 2. 支持支持at length1. 長久的；詳盡的長久的；詳盡的2. 最終；終于最終；終于in line（排）成一行；（排）成一隊（排）成一行；（排）成一隊settle down（使）安定下來（使）安定下來BackN H C EN H C Efor the time being暫時，眼下暫時，眼下might as well只是；還是只是；還是為好為好 Proper NamesThoreau梭羅梭羅(美國作家美國作家)Dor

11、othy Wordsworth多蘿西多蘿西.華茲華斯（人名）華茲華斯（人名）William 威廉威廉 (英國詩人英國詩人)Milton彌爾頓（英國詩人）彌爾頓（英國詩人）Walden Pond瓦爾登湖瓦爾登湖 Melissa 梅利莎（人名）梅利莎（人名）BackPhrases and expressionsN H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBack Para 1 Here we are, all by ourselves, all 22 million of us by recent count, alone in our rooms, some of u

12、s liking it that way and some of us not. Some of us divorced, some widowed, some never yet committed.N H C EN H C E句型句型Detailed Study of TextBackPara 2 Loneliness may be a sort of national disease here, and its more embarrassing for us to admit than any other sin. On the other hand, to be alone on p

13、urpose, having rejected company rather than been cast out by it, is one characteristic of an American hero. The solitary hunter or explorer needs no one as they venture out among the deer and wolves to tame the great wild areas. Thoreau, alone in his cabin on the pond, his back deliberately turned t

14、o the town. Now, thats character for you.句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 3 Inspiration in solitude is a major commodity for poets and philosophers. Theyre all for it. They all speak highly of themselves for seeking it out, at least for an hour or even two before they hurry home for

15、tea.N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 4 Consider Dorothy Wordsworth, for instance, helping her brother William put on his coat, finding his notebook and pencil for him, and waving as he sets forth into the early spring sunlight to look at flowers all by himself. “How graceful, how benign,

16、 is solitude,” he wrote.Para 5 No doubt about it, solitude is improved by being voluntary.句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 6 Look at Miltons daughters arranging his cushions and blankets before they silently creep away, so he can create poetry. Then, rather than trouble to put it in

17、his own handwriting, he calls the girls to come back and write it down while he dictates. 句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 7 You may have noticed that most of these artistic types went outdoors to be alone. The indoors was full of loved ones keeping the kettle warm till they came hom

18、e.N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 8 The American high priest of solitude was Thoreau. We admire him, not for his self-reliance, but because he was all by himself out there at Walden Pond, and he wanted to be all alone in the woods. 句型句型Walden PondA Statue of ThoreauN H C EN H C EDetaile

19、d Study of TextBackPara 9a Actually, he lived a mile, or 20 minutes walk, from his nearest neighbor; half a mile from the railroad; three hundred yards from a busy road. He had company in and out of the hut all day, asking him how he could possibly be so noble. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBa

20、ckPara 9b Apparently the main point of his nobility was that he had neither wife nor servants, used his own axe to chop his own wood, and washed his own cups and saucers. I dont know who did his laundry; he doesnt say, but he certainly doesnt mention doing his own, either. Listen to him: “I never fo

21、und the companion that was so companionable as solitude.” 句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 10 Thoreau had his own self-importance for company. Perhaps theres a message here: The larger the ego, the less the need for other egos around. The more modest and humble we feel, the more we s

22、uffer from solitude, feeling ourselves inadequate company.N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 11a If you live with other people, their temporary absence can be refreshing. Solitude will end on Thursday. If today I use a singular personal pronoun to refer to myself, next week I will use the

23、plural form. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 11b While the others are absent you can stretch out your soul until it fills up the whole room, and use your freedom, coming and going as you please without apology, staying up late to read, soaking in the bath, eating a whole pint of ice cre

24、am at one sitting, moving at your own pace. Those absent will be back. Their waterproof winter coats are in the closet and the dog keeps watching for them at the window. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 11c But when you live alone, the temporary absence of your friends and acquaintances

25、leaves a vacuum; they may never come back. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextBackPara 12 The condition of loneliness rises and falls, but the need to talk goes on forever. Its more basic than needing to listen. Oh, we all have friends we can tell important things to, people we can call to say we l

26、ost our job or fell on a slippery floor and broke our arm. Its the daily succession of small complaints and observations and opinions that backs up and chokes us. We cant really call a friend to say we got a parcel from our sister, or its getting dark earlier now, or we dont trust that new Supreme C

27、ourt justice.句型句型N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextPara 13a Scientific surveys show that we who live alone talk at length to ourselves and our pets and the television. We ask the cat whether we should wear the blue suit or the yellow dress. We ask the parrot if we should prepare steak, or noodles,

28、 for dinner. We argue with ourselves over who is the greater sportsman: that figure skater or this skier. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextPara 13b Theres nothing wrong with this. Its good for us, and a lot less embarrassing than the woman in front of us in line at the market whos telling the cas

29、hier that her niece Melissa may be coming to visit on Saturday, and Melissa is very fond of hot chocolate, which is why she bought the powdered hot chocolate mix, though she never drinks it herself.N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of TextPara 14 Its important to stay rational.Para 15 Its important to st

30、op waiting and settle down and make ourselves comfortable, at least temporarily, and find some grace and pleasure in our condition, not like a self-centered British poet but like a patient princess sealed up in a tower, waiting for the happy ending to our fairy tale. N H C EN H C EDetailed Study of

31、TextPara 16 After all, here we are. It may not be where we expected to be, but for the time being we might as well call it home. Anyway, there is no place like home.45Main Idea & StructureMain Idea & StructureMain idea:The text focuses on a social phenomenon choosing to be alone on purpose,

32、what people think of living alone, who prefers living alone, the life of the solitary people, and what the writer advises for living alone. Structure?45Choose to Be Alone on PurposePart 1 (Para. 1)As a social trend, lots of people are living alone.Loneliness: a sort of social disease but a character

33、istic of an American hero.Part 3 (Paras. 3-10)Poets &philosophers Part 4 (Paras. 11-16)Part 2 (Para. 2)45II. Question AnsweringII. Question Answering1. Why is loneliness a sort of national disease in the US?Because there are altogether 22 million of people living alone intheir rooms in the US.Te

34、xt StudyUnderstanding452. Why do poets like solitude? Because they get inspiration from it, and they feel good about themselvesfor seeking it out.Text StudyUnderstanding453. What can be learned from Thoreaus choice of the solitary way of life?The more positive one is toward oneself, the less the nee

35、d for staying with others.Text StudyUnderstanding454. Why is it important for a person living alone to talk to others?Because it is a basic need of a solitary person.Text StudyUnderstanding455. Who may the person living in solitude talk to?They may call friends to tell them important things, or talk

36、 to himself, his pets, the television, or even tostrangers in the supermarket.Text StudyUnderstanding45Focus StudyFocus StudyNotes to the TextFocus Study 1. all 22 million of us by recent count by count: by calculating the number 我們數(shù)了一下，這是你吃的第五塊蛋糕。 根據(jù)最近的統(tǒng)計，越來越多的金融界精英正在從華爾街轉(zhuǎn)向中國大陸。 By our count thats

37、the fifth cake youve eaten. By recent account, an increasing number of elites in financial circles are shifting from the Wall Street to Chinese mainland.45N H C EN H C E拋棄拋棄/ /驅(qū)逐某人驅(qū)逐某人: :籃球隊將放棄任何不籃球隊將放棄任何不能適應(yīng)該隊風(fēng)格的球能適應(yīng)該隊風(fēng)格的球員。員。to fit in withThe basketball team will cast out whoever does not fit in w

38、ith its style.45Notes to the TextFocus Study 3. Theyre all for it. be for: support; be in favor of Im for the chairmans plan. 我完全擁護男女平等，但是我不想讓我妻子工作。 我贊成主席的計劃。 Im all for sexual equality but I dont want my wife to work.45Notes to the TextFocus Study 4. They all speak highly of themselves for seeking

39、it out. seek out 找出/搜尋出 他從網(wǎng)上搜索到的東西與其說和專業(yè)有關(guān)，倒不如說和社交有關(guān)。seek out sth. from online / have not so much relation to A as to B / social contactWhat he has sought out from online has not so much relation to his specialty as to social contact.45N H C EN H C E動身闡述動身闡述獨立宣言獨立宣言中說，所中說，所有人生來就被賦予了一有人生來就被賦予了一些不可剝奪的

40、權(quán)利，其些不可剝奪的權(quán)利，其中有生命權(quán)，自由權(quán)及中有生命權(quán)，自由權(quán)及追求幸福的權(quán)利。追求幸福的權(quán)利。The Declaration of Independence / be endowed with / certain unalienable rights In The Declaration of Independence, it is set forth that all men are endowed with certain unalienable rights: life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.45 Thoreau had his

41、 own self-importance for company. (L38)The reason for Thoreaus holy life was the thought that he was more important than other people, which accompanied him and helped expel the disturbance from the world outside.45N H C EN H C E放松放松; ; 伸出伸出; ; 延長延長: :在經(jīng)濟不景氣的時候，在經(jīng)濟不景氣的時候，人們往往會購買廉價人們往往會購買廉價商品為了能夠使自己商

42、品為了能夠使自己的錢堅持到困難時期的錢堅持到困難時期結(jié)束。結(jié)束。in an economic recession / trade down / in order that / stretch sth. out to the end ofIn an economic recession, people often trade down in order that they can stretch their money out to the end of the hard time.45勉強去做那些做不到的勉強去做那些做不到的事情事情:伸展身體伸展身體; 盡最大的努力盡最大的努力:說過分點；言過

43、其實：說過分點；言過其實：娛記們往往娛記們往往擅長擅長夸大事夸大事實來吸引更多的眼球。實來吸引更多的眼球。 to stretch for the impossible to stretch oneself to stretch the truth/factentertainment reporters / be good at doing sth. / stretch the facts / catch ones eyes Entertainment reporters, more often than not, are good at stretching the facts to catc

44、h more eyes. 45N H C EN H C E裝滿，占滿裝滿，占滿當(dāng)股指上升時，股票交當(dāng)股指上升時，股票交易所充滿了歡樂和喝彩易所充滿了歡樂和喝彩聲。聲。stock index / be on the rise / stock exchangeJoy fills up the stock exchange when the stock index is on the rise.45N H C EN H C E正如一口吃不成個正如一口吃不成個胖子一樣，成功不胖子一樣，成功不能一蹴而就。能一蹴而就。grow fat / be attained with Just as no one g

45、row fat at one sitting, no success can be attained with one single effort.459. -proof protecting against the damaging effect of sth. else waterproof watches a bulletproof cara soundproof roomairproof pipes provide risk-proof services防水手表防彈汽車隔音的房間密封的管道提供風(fēng)險防范服務(wù)Words and ExpressionsWord Using 45 But wh

46、en you live alone, the temporary absence of your friends and acquaintances leaves a vacuum; they may never come back. (L47)But if you live alone and your friends and acquaintances leave for the time being, you will have the feeling of emptiness, and they may never come back.45N H C EN H C E10. 10. 一

47、個人的事業(yè)有一個人的事業(yè)有高潮也有低潮，但他高潮也有低潮，但他對幸福的追求是永恒對幸福的追求是永恒的。的。rise and fall / pursuit of happinessOnes career may rise and fall, but ones pursuit of happiness goes on forever.45N H C EN H C E（使）積壓；（使）（使）積壓；（使）擁塞；支持：擁塞；支持：壓抑在心頭的想法，壓抑在心頭的想法，特別是情感，需要特別是情感，需要發(fā)泄。否則，就可發(fā)泄。否則，就可能變成心理問題。能變成心理問題。need an outlet / grow

48、into a mental problemWhat has backed up in ones mind，especially emotions, needs an outlet; otherwise, it may grow into a mental problem.45While loneliness is very common in the U.S., few people care to admit to it because it is perceived as (1)_. It is seen as admirable for American heroes to bravel

49、y go alone into the wilderness and for poets and philosophers . Some poets and philosophers, like William Wordsworth and John Milton and Henry David Thoreau, enjoy )_. When an individualsome sort of social diseaseto seek out solitudeinspiration from solitude Summary SummaryText StudySummary45is not

50、solitary out of choice, the experience is . It is _ to talk to someone not only about the big things but also about the little daily things. As a consequence, lonely people will talk about the little things to themselves, the cat, the dog and, , to total strangers. Therefore, its important for ordin

51、ary people to (7)_, make themselves comfortable at least temporarily, and find some grace and pleasure in their home. both less enjoyable and productiveour basic needmost embarrassinglystay rationalText StudySummary45Old to NewOld to Newalone; lonelypoems in generalnot great or importanthighest in r

52、ank/degreefairnessstart a journeyblock up; supporthave a great liking for solitary poetry humble supreme justice set forth / out / off back up be fond ofWords and ExpressionsOld to New 45獨自地根據(jù)最近的統(tǒng)計一種民族弊病另一方面冒險出去征服大自然 all by oneself by recent count a sort of national disease on the other hand venture

53、 out tame natureIII. Chinese to EnglishIII. Chinese to EnglishWords and ExpressionsC to E 45獨處帶來的靈感對給予高度評價穿上外衣獨處高士裝滿熬夜 inspiration in solitude speak highly of put on ones coat high priest of solitude fill up stay up lateWords and ExpressionsC to E 45一口氣地按自己的節(jié)奏摔倒在打滑的地板上每日不斷發(fā)生的小小抱怨最高法院新來的法官極大的努力 at on

54、e sitting at ones own pace fall on a slippery floor the daily succession of small complaints a new Supreme Court justice supreme effortWords and ExpressionsC to E 45與某人爭論某事花樣滑冰選手保持理性安靜下來；定居以自我為中心的暫時 argue with sb. over sth. figure skater stay rational settle down self-centered for the time beingWord

55、s and ExpressionsC to E N H C EN H C EBack征服廣袤的荒野征服廣袤的荒野最有用的東西最有用的東西自視甚高自視甚高毫無疑問毫無疑問躡手躡腳地走開躡手躡腳地走開交通繁忙的大路交通繁忙的大路有人為伴有人為伴某人主要的高潔之處某人主要的高潔之處砍柴砍柴洗衣服洗衣服漢英互譯漢英互譯 短語活用短語活用 句式應(yīng)用句式應(yīng)用 隨隨 筆筆 to tame the great wild areasa major commodity to speak highly of oneselfno doubt about itto creep awaya busy roadto hav

56、e companythe main point of ones nobilityto chop wood to do a laundryEnglish Equivalents of Chinese預(yù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)課文課文導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)入寫作寫作N H C EN H C EBack以以為伴為伴隨意隨意熬夜熬夜詳細(xì)敘說詳細(xì)敘說快樂的結(jié)局快樂的結(jié)局漢英互譯漢英互譯 短語活用短語活用 句式應(yīng)用句式應(yīng)用 隨隨 筆筆 to have for companyas you pleaseto stay up lateto talk at lengtha happy ending English Equivalents of C

57、hinese預(yù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)課文課文導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)入寫作寫作N H C EN H C E拋棄；驅(qū)逐某人拋棄；驅(qū)逐某人: 找出；搜尋出找出；搜尋出: 動身；闡述動身；闡述: 放松放松; 伸出伸出; 延長延長: 安下心來安下心來,定居定居: to cast outto seek outto set forth to stretch outto settle downEnglish Equivalents of Chinese漢英互譯漢英互譯 短語活用短語活用 句式應(yīng)用句式應(yīng)用 隨隨 筆筆 Back預(yù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)課文課文導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)入寫作寫作然而他并不自己費神將詩歌寫下來，而是喚回然而他并不自己費神將詩歌寫下來，而是喚回女兒們

58、，向她們口述，由她們記下來。女兒們，向她們口述，由她們記下來。BackN H C EN H C E原原 句句 譯譯 文文逆逆 譯譯 練練 習(xí)習(xí)產(chǎn)產(chǎn) 生生 式式 提提 煉煉Then, rather than trouble to put it in his own handwriting, he calls the girls to come back and write it down while he dictates. Rather than do sth., sb. do (would do) sth. else. 某人并不某人并不, 而是而是N H C EN H C E句句 式式 提提 煉煉應(yīng)應(yīng) 用用 提提 示示產(chǎn)產(chǎn) 生生 式式 應(yīng)用應(yīng)用用于表述用于表述“某人的真實做法某人的真實做法”。BackN H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示await ones doom / do ones utmost / address the economic crisisRather than sitting back and awaiting their doom, all the countries are doing their utmost to address the worst economic crisis in generations.B