(完整版)新視野大學(xué)英語2課文原文和翻譯unit7、8

1、Lighten Your Load and Save Your LifeIf you often feel angry and overwhelmed, like the stress in your life is spinning out of control, then you may be hurting your heart如.果你常常生氣、身心疲乏，好像你生活中的壓力正在快速地積聚， 將要失去控制， 那么你可能是在損害你的心臟了。If you don't want to break your own heart, you need to learn to take char

2、ge ofyour life where you canand recognize there are many things beyond your control假.如你不想損害自己的心臟， 你就需要努力學(xué)會(huì)在力所能及的范圍內(nèi)控制自己的生活 并且承認(rèn)有許多東西你是無法控制的。So says Dr. Robert S. Eliot, author of a new book titled From Stress to Strength: How to Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life. He's a clinical professor of

3、medicine at the University of Nebraska. 這是羅伯特 ·S. 埃利奧特博士的觀點(diǎn)。他是內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)的臨床醫(yī)學(xué)教授，新書從壓力到力量：怎樣減輕你的負(fù)擔(dān)，拯救你的生命的作者。Eliot says there are people in this world that he calls "hot reactors". For these people, being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure.埃利奧特說在這個(gè)世界上有一

4、類他稱之為“熱核反應(yīng)堆式的人 ”（即易怒的人）。對(duì)這些人來說，緊張會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們血壓大幅度迅速上升。Eliot says researchershave found that stressed people have higher cholesterol levels, among other things. "We've done years of work in showing that excess alarm or stress chemicals can literally burst heart muscle fibers. When that happens it

5、happens very quickly, within five minutes. It creates many short circuits, and that causes crazy heart rhythms. The heart beats like a bag of worms instead of a pump. And when that happens, we can't live." 埃利奧特說，研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)， 有壓力的人除了其他癥狀外，膽固醇的含量也較高?！拔覀円呀?jīng)做了多年研究，證明過分憂慮或緊張所產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的確會(huì)損傷心肌纖維。這種情況發(fā)生時(shí)

6、往往很快，不到 5 分鐘。它會(huì)造成許多短路， 而且這種短路會(huì)引起嚴(yán)重的心律不齊。心臟跳起來不像一個(gè)泵，而像一只裝著蠕蟲的袋子（雜亂而又綿軟無力）。當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時(shí)，我們就活不成了。”Eliot, 64, suffered a heart attack at age 44. He attributes some of the cause to stress. For years he was a "hot reactor". On the exterior, he was cool, calm and collected, but on the interior, stres

7、s was killing him. He's now doing very well. 現(xiàn)年 64 歲的埃利奧特， 在 44 歲時(shí)曾有過一次心臟病發(fā)作， 他把那次心臟病發(fā)作的部分原因歸于壓力。多年來，他一直是一個(gè) “熱核反應(yīng)堆式的人 ”。表面上，他顯得沉著、冷靜、泰然自若，但他內(nèi)心深處的壓力使他筋疲力盡 .他現(xiàn)在身體狀況很好。The main predictors of destructive levels of stress are the FUD factorsfear, uncertainty and doubttogether with perceived lack of c

8、ontrol, he says. 他說，壓力破壞性程度的主要預(yù)測(cè)指標(biāo)是 FUD 因素 FUD指的是恐懼、猶豫和懷疑 再加上可察覺到的缺乏控制力。For many people, the root of their stress is anger, and the trick is to find out where the anger is coming from. "Does the anger come from a feeling that everything must be perfect?" Eliot asks. 對(duì)許多人來說， 壓力的根源是憤怒， 而對(duì)付憤怒

9、的訣竅是找出怒從何來。埃利奧特問道： “這種憤怒是否來自這么一種感覺：希望一切事物都必須完美無缺？”"That's very common in professional women. They feel they have to be all things to all people and do it all perfectly. They think, 'I should, I must, I have to.' Good enough is never good enough. Perfectionists cannot delegate. They

10、get angry that they have to carry it all, and they blow their tops. Then they feel guilty and they start the whole cycle over again." “這在職業(yè)女性中是很常見的原因。她們覺得要讓人人感到她們無所不能，而且要把樣樣事情都做得完美無缺。她們認(rèn)為，我應(yīng)該這樣，我必須這樣，我不得不這樣。追求完美永無止境。完美主義者事必躬親。"Others are angry because they have no compass in life. And they

11、 give the same emphasis to a traffic jam that they give a family argument," he says. "If you are angry for more than five minutes if you stir the anger within you and let it build with nosafety outletyou have to find out where it's coming from."“還有的人生氣是因?yàn)樗麄兊纳顩]有方向。 他們把交通阻塞看得和家庭糾紛一

12、樣重，”他說：“如果你生氣超過 5 分鐘 如果你生悶氣， 沒有安全的發(fā)泄渠道的話你就必須弄清你為何生氣。 ”"What happens is that the hotter people get, physiologically, with mental stress,the more likely they are to blow apart with some heart problem."“此時(shí)就會(huì)發(fā)生這種情況 人們由于心理壓力在生理上變得越發(fā)激動(dòng)，他們的身體就越可能因?yàn)槟撤N心臟病而崩潰。 ”O(jiān)ne step to calming down is to recogni

13、ze you have this tendency. Learn to beless hostile by changing some of your attitudes and negative thinking.讓自己平靜下來的做法就是承認(rèn)你存在這種傾向。通過改變你的某些看法和消極思想，學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)事物不再抱有那么強(qiáng)烈的敵視態(tài)度。Eliot recommends taking charge of your life. "If there is one word that should be substituted for stress, it's control. Instea

14、d of the FUD factors, what you want is the NICE factors new, interesting, challenging experiences." 埃利奧特建議人們控制自己的生活。 “如果有什么能取代壓力，那就是控制。你所需要的不是FUD因素而是NICE因素 NICE是指新的、使人感興趣的、有挑戰(zhàn)性的經(jīng)歷?！?quot;You have to decide what parts of your life you can control," he says. "Stop where you are on your

15、trail and say, 'I'm going to get my compass out and find out what I need to do.' " “你必須確定你能控制自己生活中的哪些部分， ”他說： “停下你的腳步，對(duì)自己說，我要把指南針拿出來，弄明白自己需要什么。”He suggests that people write down the six things in their lives that they feel are the most important things they'd like to achieve. B

16、en Franklin did it at age 32. "He wrote down things like being a better father, being a better husband, being financially independent, being stimulated intellectually and remaining even-tempered he wasn'tgood at that."他建議人們寫下他們覺得自己生活中最重要的、最想做成的 6 件事。本 ·富蘭克林在 32 歲時(shí)就是這樣做的。 “他寫下了他想要做

17、的事情，諸如要做一個(gè)更慈愛的父親、更體貼的丈夫、經(jīng)濟(jì)上獨(dú)立、思維上活躍，而且還要保持性情平和 這一點(diǎn)他也做得不好。 ”Eliot says you can first make a list of 12 things, then cut it down to 6 and set your priorities. "Don't give yourself impossible things, but things that will affect your identity, control and self-worth.埃利奧特說，你可以先列出 12 件事，然后壓縮到 6件，

18、要確定輕重緩急。 “別讓自己去做不可能做到的事。要做那些會(huì)影響你的個(gè)性、控制能力和自我價(jià)值的事情?！?quot;Put them on a note card and take it with you and look at it when you need to. Since we can't create a 26-hour day we have to decide what things we're going to do."“把它們記在一張可以隨身攜帶的卡片上，需要的時(shí)候看看。既然我們無法讓一天有 26 個(gè)小時(shí)，我們就得確定先做哪些事情?！盞eep in m

19、ind that over time these priorities are going to change. "The kids grow up, the dog dies and you change your priorities."請(qǐng)記?。弘S著時(shí)間的推移， 優(yōu)先要做的事會(huì)有所改變。 “孩子會(huì)長(zhǎng)大，狗會(huì)死去，你所優(yōu)先考慮做的事也會(huì)改變。 ”From Eliot's viewpoint, the other key to controlling stress is to "realize that thereare other troublesome

20、 parts of your life over which you can have little or nocontrollike the economy and politicians". 根據(jù)埃利奧特的觀點(diǎn)， 控制壓力的另一關(guān)鍵因素是 “要承認(rèn)你生活中還有一些棘手的、你幾乎無法或完全無法控制的東西 比如經(jīng)濟(jì)以及政客們?！盰ou have to realize that sometimes with things like traffic jams, deadlines and unpleasant bosses, "You can't fight. You

21、can't flee. You have to learn how to flow."你必須認(rèn)識(shí)到，有時(shí)候像交通阻塞、最后期限及討厭的老板這類事情，“你無法抗?fàn)?，也無法逃避。你必須學(xué)會(huì)如何與之相容?！盪nit 8There's a Lot More to Life than a JobIt has often been remarked that the saddest thing about youth is that it is wastedon the young. 人們常常說： 對(duì)于青春來說， 最令人悲傷的事情莫過于青春在年輕時(shí)被浪費(fèi)掉了。Reading a

22、survey report on first-year college students, I recalled the regret, "Ifonly I knew then what I know now." 在讀一份對(duì)大學(xué)一年級(jí)新生作的調(diào)查報(bào)告時(shí)，我又想起了這種惋惜之情：“要是當(dāng)初我就懂得了現(xiàn)在我領(lǐng)悟到的東西該有多好！ ”The survey revealed what I had already suspected from informal polls of students both in Macon and at the Robins Resident Cen

23、ter: If it (whatever it may be) won't compute and you can't drink it, smoke it or spend it, then "it" holds little value. 這份調(diào)查報(bào)告印證了我以前根據(jù)在梅肯和羅賓斯住宿中心對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行的非正式民意調(diào)查所作的推斷：學(xué)生們認(rèn)為如果某種東西（不管它是何物）沒有實(shí)際意義，不能把它當(dāng)酒喝、當(dāng)煙抽、當(dāng)錢花，那么“它”就基本毫無價(jià)值。According to the survey based on responses from over 188,000

24、students, today's college beginners are "more consumeristic and less idealistic" than at any time in the 17 years of the poll. 基于對(duì) 188，000 多名學(xué)生答卷的調(diào)查表明， 當(dāng)今的大學(xué)新生比這項(xiàng)民意測(cè)驗(yàn)開始 17 年以來的任何時(shí)候的大學(xué)新生都 “更主張消費(fèi)主義， 同時(shí)也少了些理想主義 ”。Not surprising in these hard times, the students' major objective "

25、is to be financially well off". Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. Accordingly, today the most popular course is not literature or history butaccounting. 在這個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣的時(shí)代，學(xué)生們的主要目標(biāo)是追求“經(jīng)濟(jì)上的富裕 ”。與過去任何時(shí)候相比，樹立有意義的人生哲學(xué)已不那么重要了。這一情況并不讓人感到驚奇。因此，如今最受歡迎的課程不是文學(xué)或歷史，而是會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)。Inte

26、rest in teaching, social service and the humanities is at a low, along with ethnic and women's studies. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.如今人們對(duì)當(dāng)教師、社會(huì)服務(wù)和人文學(xué)科、還有種族和婦女研究的興趣都處于低潮。而另一方面，攻讀商科、工程學(xué)及計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的學(xué)生人數(shù)卻在迅速增加。That's no surprise eithe

27、r. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of college instructors during her first year on the jobeven before she completed her two-year associate degree還.有一件事也不令人意外。我的一個(gè)朋友 （一個(gè)化工公司的銷售代理）在干這份工作的第一年所掙的錢就已是大學(xué)教師薪水的兩倍了這甚至還是在她修完兩年制的準(zhǔn)學(xué)士學(xué)位課程之前的事。"I&#

28、39;ll tell them what they can do with their music, history, literature, etc.," she was fond of saying. And that was four years ago; I tremble to think what she's earning now.她喜歡說這樣一句話： “我會(huì)對(duì)他們講，他們學(xué)習(xí)音樂、歷史、文學(xué)等等有什么用！ ”那還是四年以前呢，我都不敢想象她現(xiàn)在賺多少錢。Frankly, I'm proud of the young lady (not her atti

29、tude but her success). But why can't we have it both ways? Can't we educate people for life as well as for a career? I believe we can. 坦率地說，我為這位小姐感到驕傲（不是為她的態(tài)度，而是為她的成功）。但是我們?yōu)槭裁床荒軆扇涿滥?？我們就不能教?huì)人們既懂得謀生，又懂得人生么？我相信我們能夠做到。If we cannot, then that is a conviction against our educational systemkinderg

30、arten, elementary, secondary and higher. In a time of increasing specialization, more than ever, we need to know what is truly important in life. 如果我們做不到這一點(diǎn)， 那就是對(duì)我們從幼兒園、 小學(xué)、中學(xué)直到大學(xué)的整個(gè)教育制度的否定。在一個(gè)日益專業(yè)化的時(shí)代， 我們比過去任何時(shí)候都更需要了解什么是生活中真正重要的東西。This is where age and maturity enter. Most people, somewhere between

31、 the ages of 30 and 50, finally arrive at the inevitable conclusion that they were meant to do more than serve a corporation, a government agency, or whatever這.就是年齡和成熟所能帶給人們的啟示。 大多數(shù)年齡約在30 至 50 歲之間的人都會(huì)最終得出一個(gè)必然的結(jié)論，即他們不應(yīng)該僅僅是為某個(gè)公司、某個(gè)政府機(jī)構(gòu)或任何其他單位服務(wù)。Most of us finally have the insight that quality of life

32、is not entirely determined by a balance sheet. Sure, everyone wants to be financially comfortable, but we also want to feel we have a perspective on the world beyond the confines of our occupation; we want to be able to render service to our fellow men and to our God.我們大多數(shù)人最終會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到， 生活質(zhì)量并不完全是由資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表來決定

33、的。誠(chéng)然，每個(gè)人都想在經(jīng)濟(jì)上富裕點(diǎn)。 但是我們還希望對(duì)自己職業(yè)范圍以外的世界有所了解；我們希望能為我們的同胞和上帝效勞。If it is a fact that the meaning of life does not dawn until middle age, is it then not the duty of educational institutions to prepare the way for that revelation? Most people, in their youth, resent the Social Security deductions from the

34、ir pay, yet a seemingly few short years later find themselves standing anxiously by the mailbox.如果說人要到步入中年才能對(duì)人生的含義有所領(lǐng)悟的話，那么為這種領(lǐng)悟掃清障礙不正是教育機(jī)構(gòu)的責(zé)任嗎？大多數(shù)人在年輕的時(shí)候怨恨從他們工資中扣錢交社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)金，然而好像只是短短幾年后， 他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正焦急地站在信箱旁邊（等待養(yǎng)老金支票）了。While it's true all of us need a career, preferably a prosperous one, it is equally

35、true that our civilization has collected an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own. And we are better for our understanding of these other contributions be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think

36、. More importantly, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs雖.然我們所有人都確實(shí)需要一份工作，最好是一份薪水豐厚的工作。但同樣不容爭(zhēng)議的事實(shí)是， 我們的文明已經(jīng)在我們各自的領(lǐng)域之外積累了巨大的知識(shí)財(cái)富。 而且正因?yàn)槲覀兝斫饬诉@些在其他領(lǐng)域的貢獻(xiàn) 不管是科學(xué)方面的 ,還是藝術(shù)方面的 我們的人生才更完善。同樣地，我們?cè)诹私馑说闹腔鄣耐瑫r(shí)， 自己也學(xué)會(huì)了如何去思考。也許更重要的是， 教育使我們

37、的視野超越了眼前的需求，并使我們看到了事物間的聯(lián)系。Weekly we read of unions that went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company, no job. How short-sighted in the long run. 我們每周都在報(bào)紙上讀到這樣的消息： 工會(huì)在為要求更高的工資而罷工， 結(jié)果卻只是使他們的老板破了產(chǎn)。 沒有了公司，也就沒有了工作崗位。 從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，他們的目光是何等地短淺！But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which depicts a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of