英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)介詞用法總結(jié)

1、英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)介詞用法總結(jié)一、About1 .動(dòng)詞+about+sth.。about在此表示 論及，談起，涉及，著手”等意思：arrange about 安升E, argue about 辯論，ask about 詢問(wèn)， bring about 帶來(lái)， chat about 閑聊， care about 在意， co mplain about 報(bào)怨，go about 著手，hear about 聽(tīng)說(shuō)，inquire about 打聽(tīng)，know about 了解， quarrel about 爭(zhēng)論，r ead about 讀至1J, see about 負(fù)責(zé)處理， set about 開(kāi)女臺(tái)，spe

2、ak about 談起,talk about 談?wù)?think about 考慮,trouble a bout擔(dān)心，tell about講述，worry about著急。現(xiàn)舉例說(shuō)明其中一些短語(yǔ)的用法：She inquired about my brother.她向我打聽(tīng)有關(guān)我兄弟的情況。I must set about my packing.我必須開(kāi)始收拾行裝。What are you chatting about 你們?cè)诹氖裁茨? . be +形容詞+about+sth.。about在此意思是 為，對(duì)”，接表原因的詞：be anxious about 為著急，be bad about 對(duì)感至

3、1J不舒服，be busy about 忙于，be careful about 小心，be certainabout 對(duì)有把握，be concerned about 關(guān)心，be crazy about為發(fā)狂，be excited about 為感至1J激動(dòng)，be happy ab out 為而高興，be mad about 為發(fā)瘋，be nervous about 對(duì)感至1J緊張，be particular about 挑易U ，be pleased abou t為興奮，be strict about對(duì)嚴(yán)格，be thoughtful about 對(duì)考慮周到的，be uneasy about為

4、感受到不安。請(qǐng)看例句：What have you been busy about today今天在忙些什么You are certainly very thoughtful about others.你為別人想得太周到了。I m strictbout such things.對(duì)這些事我是很嚴(yán)格的。注：come about發(fā)生，get about (疾病、謠言)流行， turn about 轉(zhuǎn)身，leave about到處亂放，lie about隨便堆放，put about打擾;傳播，put oneself about使發(fā)愁。這些詞組中 about作副詞，此時(shí) about不能接賓語(yǔ)。 ?二、Af

5、ter1 .動(dòng)詞+ after。介詞after有 追趕，問(wèn)候，效仿 ”之意：ask after問(wèn)候，be after尋求,do(sth.)after學(xué)著做，go after 設(shè)法得到,inquire after 問(wèn)候,look after 尋找,run after 追求,seek after 追逐,take after 長(zhǎng)得像。例如： Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend.他每天下午都打電話問(wèn)候他的女朋友。The boy takes after his father.這男孩長(zhǎng)得像他父親。The dogs went afte

6、r the wounded deer.一群狗在追趕那只受傷的鹿。構(gòu)成的其它短語(yǔ)。after在不同的短語(yǔ)中意思各異：after a little/moment/while過(guò)了會(huì)， after all 畢竟，after dark 天黑以后，after one s heart 的心，after school放學(xué)后，after service 售后服務(wù)， after the fashion 勉強(qiáng)， day after day 日復(fù)日， one after another 個(gè)接個(gè)，year after year 年復(fù)一年。例如：Don t be too trict with him. After all

7、 he is still a child.不要太苛刻了，畢竟他還是個(gè)孩子。He can speak and write English after a fashion.他多少會(huì)說(shuō)和寫一點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)，但不太好。二、At2 .動(dòng)詞+ at。at表示 指向某一目標(biāo)，到達(dá)某地 ：arrive at抵達(dá),call at訪問(wèn)某地，catch at(it)當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓住，come at攻 擊，fire at 向開(kāi)火,glance at 瞟一眼,glare at 怒目而視,grieve at 憂傷,knock at 敲,laugh at 嘲笑，look at 看一眼,p ull at拉扯，rejoice at對(duì)高興，sm

8、ile at向某人微笑，shoot at朝射擊，stare at怒目而視，thrust at刺向，tear at撕， tremble at 顫抖，wonder at 吃驚，work at 工作。例如：Don t let me catch you again at it.不要再讓我當(dāng)場(chǎng)逮住你。We must shoot the arrow at the target 我們必須有的放矢。They trembled at the sight of the peasant看到農(nóng)民pea標(biāo)，他們陣陣發(fā)抖。3 . be +形容詞/過(guò)去分詞+ at。其中at表示 情緒、情感的原因，或?qū)δ澄锞哂心撤N感情：be

9、 angry at惱怒于，bealarmed at 對(duì)保持警覺(jué),be astonished at 對(duì)吃驚,be bad at 不擅長(zhǎng),be clever at 對(duì)某事很靈巧,be delighted at 高 興，be disgusted at 厭惡，be disappointed at 對(duì)失望，be good at 擅長(zhǎng)，be impatient at 對(duì)不夠而寸心,be mad at 狂 熱于，be pleased at 對(duì)感至1J高興,be present at 出席，be satisfied at 滿意,be surprised at 吃驚，be shocked at 對(duì) 常震驚，be

10、 terrified at受到的恐嚇,be quick at對(duì)很機(jī)敏。例如：They were overjoyed at his return to work.他們對(duì)他重返工作感到欣喜。They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in the colonies. 他們對(duì)殖民地日益壯大的解放運(yùn)動(dòng)警覺(jué)起來(lái)。+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：at a distance在一定距離，at a loss不知所措，at a time 一次，at all 一點(diǎn)也不，at any cost不惜一切代價(jià)， at best最好也只是，at first起初，at

11、 hand手頭，at heart在內(nèi)心里， at home 在家；無(wú)拘束， at last最后，at least至少，at most最多，at once 馬上，at present目 前，at sea不知所措，at times有時(shí)，at will任意地，at work起作用，at worst最壞。4.其它含有at的短語(yǔ)：work hard at勤奮工作，drop in at順路拜訪。四、For1 .動(dòng)詞+fora）動(dòng)詞+for。 for 表原因、目的： account for 解釋；說(shuō)明,answer for 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé),apply for 申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求,apologize for 為而道歉,beg

12、 for 請(qǐng)求,call for 要求,care for 在意,enter for 才艮名參力口 ，fight for 為而戰(zhàn),hope for 希望,inquire for 查詢；求見(jiàn)，leave for離開(kāi)某地到另一地，look for尋找，long for盼望,mistake for誤認(rèn)為，plan for計(jì)劃做某事，prep are for 為作準(zhǔn)備,provide for 為提供,reach for 伸手去拿,run for 競(jìng)選,stand for 象征,search for 搜尋,send for 派 人去請(qǐng)，speak for陳述意見(jiàn)、愿望，take for當(dāng)作，wish fo

13、r希望，wait for等待。例如：His 川ness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。The baby reached for the apple but couldn那要 jeOch詼蘋果，但夠不著。He who would search for pearls must dive below. 要想找到珍珠，必須潛到海底。b）動(dòng)詞+sb.+ for +sth.。for表示原因或目的：ask for要求彳#到,blame for因責(zé)備，excuse for寬恕，forgive for諒解，pardon for 原諒，pay for 花錢買,praise for

14、 稱贊，punish for 對(duì)進(jìn)行懲罰,push for 催逼，reward for 酬謝，thank for 對(duì),表示謝意。例如：Please excuse me for my being late. 請(qǐng)?jiān)徫业倪t至1J。Forgive me for my keeping you waiting. 請(qǐng)見(jiàn)諒，讓你久等了。2 . be +形容詞+for。for表作用、目的、對(duì)人或物有某種情緒等：be anxious for急于做，be eager for渴望，be bad for 有害于，be convenient for 便于，be good for 利于，be famous for 以出名

15、，be fit for 適合于，be grateful for 對(duì),心 存感激,be impatient for 對(duì)不而寸煩,be late for 遲至U, be necessary for 有必要,be ready for 作好準(zhǔn)備,be sorry for 為而后悔，be responsible for 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)，be suitable for 適合于，be unfit for 不適合,be useful for 對(duì)有作用。例 如：He is eager for success.他渴望成功The government is responsible for the nation+名詞構(gòu)成的詞

16、組：for all盡管，for a song非常便宜地，for certain確切地，for company陪著，for ever永遠(yuǎn)，for example 例如，for fear 以免，for fair 肯定地，for free 免費(fèi)，for fun 為了好玩， for good 永遠(yuǎn)，for instance 比 方，for luck 祝福，for life 終身，for long 長(zhǎng)久，for nothing 白白地，for once 有生第一次，for oneself 替自己，fo r pleasure 為了消遣，for reason 因?yàn)槔碛?，for sale 供出售，for sh

17、ame 真不害臊，for short 簡(jiǎn)稱，for sport 好 玩，for sure 確切地。4.動(dòng)詞+副詞/名詞+for構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：be in for將遇到，make up for彌補(bǔ)，go in for從事，l o ok out for提防，take sth. for granted 把當(dāng)作理所當(dāng)然，have an ear for音感好，have a gift for有某方面的天賦。五、From1 .動(dòng)詞 +froma）動(dòng)詞+ from。from 表示 來(lái)源、原因、起始 ”等：come from 來(lái)自，date from 追溯，depart from 違背，die from 死 于，e

18、scape from 逃出，fall from 自跌落,hang from 垂掛，hear from 收到來(lái)信，learn from 向某人學(xué)習(xí) ,return from 自 某地返回，rise from自冒出，result from 起因于，suffer from 忍受。例如：All the characters in the book are drawn from real life.書中所有的人物都來(lái)自于真實(shí)的生活。Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrower.因疏忽弓 I起的任何損壞者 B 應(yīng)

19、由借用者負(fù)責(zé)賠償。He has recovered from his surprise. 他好不容易回過(guò)神來(lái)。b）動(dòng)詞 + sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place 。 from 表示 來(lái)源、免于 ”等：borrow from 向借,choose from 選自，excu se from 免除，keep from 阻止做，prevent from 不準(zhǔn)做，protect from 不受之害，receive from 收至U ,remove from 移 動(dòng)；除去,save from 保全；拯救,separate from 分離開(kāi)來(lái),stop from 阻止。例如：

20、He was excused from attendance at the lecture.他獲準(zhǔn)可不去聽(tīng)課。Stop the child from spoiling the book.不要讓孩子弄壞了 書。2 . be +形容詞+ from。此時(shí)from 含義眾多：be absent from 缺席，be different from 與眾不同，be far from 更不用說(shuō)， be hidden from 躲避,be made from 用制成，be tired from 因而疲倦。例如：The boy can t walk and is far from running.男孩不會(huì)走路，

21、更不用說(shuō)跑了。to本短語(yǔ)表示從一種狀態(tài)到另一狀態(tài)的變化或從到 ： from bad to worse 每況愈下，from beginning to end自始至終， from cover to cover 從頭至U尾， from China to Peru 至1J處，from day to day 一天一天地， from door to do or 挨家挨戶， from end to end 從頭至尾， from first to last 自始至終， from hand to mouth 勉強(qiáng)糊冢琮 rom head t o foot 從頭到腳， from mouth to mouth 廣泛

22、流傳， from sun to sun 從日出到日落， from start to finish 從頭開(kāi)始， from top to toe 從頭到腳， from time to time 不時(shí)地，from top to bottom 徹底地。?六、In1.動(dòng)詞+ina）動(dòng)詞+ in。in在短語(yǔ)中的含義異常豐富：believe in信任，break in碎成，bring in引起；產(chǎn)生；帶來(lái)，call in下令收回，fill in 填充,get in 收獲，hand in 上繳 ,involve in 涉及,lie in 在于，result in 導(dǎo)致，share in 共享 ,succeed

23、 in 成功，t ake in卷起；訂閱，turn in歸還當(dāng)局。例如：He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that he had made.他很缺乏資金，不得不收回所有的款子。Your failure lies in your laziness.你失敗的原因在于懶惰。Orders are given to take in sail.已發(fā)布收帆的命令。b）動(dòng)詞+sb./time/money+ in 。介詞 in 后接（doing） sth.： help sb. in 幫助某人做某事 ,spare time/mone

24、y in 勻出時(shí) 間或錢做某事,spend time/money in 花時(shí)間或錢做某事 ,waste time/money in 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間或錢做某事。例如： She offered to help him in the housekeeping when I am not here. 她提出，我不在家時(shí)她可以幫助他料理家務(wù)。2. be +形容詞+ in。in表示 在某些方面或穿著 :be active in活躍于，be absorbed in專心致志,be busy in忙碌,be born in 出生于,be concerned in 牽涉,be clothed in 穿著,be disa

25、ppointed in 對(duì)失望,be diligent in 勤于,be experien ced in 在有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，be employed in 任職于，be engaged in 忙碌，be expert in 某方面的專家 ,be excellent in 在優(yōu)秀，b e interested in 對(duì)有興趣,be lacking in 缺乏,be rich in 富有,be slow in 遲緩,be successful in 在某方面成功 ,be skille d in 精于,be strict in 嚴(yán)于,be weak in 弱于。例如：She was completely ab

26、sorbed in her own affairs.她完全專注于自己的事務(wù)。More than one person has been concerned in this.不只一人牽涉至1J這件事。3. in +名詞。in表示 處于某種狀態(tài)或在某些方面”等意思：in advance提前，in all總共，in balance總而言之，in bed 臥床，in body 親自，in brief 簡(jiǎn)明扼要，in case 萬(wàn)一 ,in charge 主管，in danger 有危險(xiǎn),in debt 負(fù)債,in despair 失望,in force 大量地；有效，in full 全部地，in fl

27、ower 開(kāi)花,in general 一般說(shuō)來(lái)，in itself 本身，in love 戀愛(ài)，in order 井然有序,in person 親自,in public 公開(kāi)地,in progress 有進(jìn)展,in practice 從實(shí)踐上看 ,in rags 穿著破衣,in research 探索，in return作為報(bào)答，in ruins 一片廢墟，in short總之,in theory從理論上看，in trouble有麻煩，in tears眼淚汪汪,i n time及時(shí)，in turn按順序,in vain白白地,in view 看得見(jiàn)。注意下列幾個(gè)詞組中的in為副詞：check

28、in到達(dá)登記，cut in插嘴，count in包括，draw in時(shí)間接近，drop in順路拜訪，give in屈服，pour in源源而來(lái)。?七、Of1 .動(dòng)詞+ofa）動(dòng)詞+of。of意為 宥關(guān),由于:beg of（sb.）請(qǐng)求某人，complain of抱怨，consist of由構(gòu)成，die of死于,dream of 夢(mèng)想,hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō),know of 了解,speak of 談及,tell of 講至1J, think of 想起,talk of 論及。例如： Never has one of them complained of all the trouble we

29、give.從來(lái)沒(méi)有人抱怨我們帶來(lái)這么多麻煩。Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen. 二氧化碳由碳、氧兩種元素組成。b）動(dòng)詞+sb.+of+sth.。其中of有剝奪，有關(guān)之意：accuse of控告（譴責(zé)，非難）某人 ，cheat of騙走，deprive of 剝奪,inform of匯報(bào)，rob of搶走，remind of提醒，warn of警告。例如：He has cheated me of my poverty. 他騙走了 我的財(cái)產(chǎn)。They are deprived of their rights as citizens.他們的公民

30、權(quán)都被剝奪了。c）動(dòng)詞+sth.+ of +sb. o介詞of表動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，后接動(dòng)作的賓語(yǔ)sb.: request of請(qǐng)求（某人做某事），require of要求得到。例如：All I request of you is that you should come here early.我唯的請(qǐng)求就是希望你早點(diǎn)來(lái)。You have done all the law requires of you.你做的這一切都是法律對(duì)你的要求。2 . be +形容詞+ of。of后接表對(duì)象或目標(biāo)的詞，這類短語(yǔ)有很多：be aware of 覺(jué)察,be ashamed of 以為恥,be afraid of 擔(dān)心

31、，be bare of 沒(méi)有,be careful of 小心,be clear of 還清債 務(wù),be certain of 確信,be composed of 由 構(gòu)成,be envious of 嫉妒,be forgetful of 健忘,be fond of 喜歡,be free of 免于；擺脫,be full of 充滿，be guilty of 認(rèn)罪，be hopeful of 抱有希望,be informed of 匯報(bào)，be impatient of 對(duì)無(wú)耐 心，be jealous of 嫉妒,be made of 用制成，be mindful of 留意，be proud

32、 of 以為驕傲，be sick of 煩于,be short of 缺 乏，be sure of 確信,be tired of 困于,be worthy of 值得。+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：of age成年，of choice精選的，of course當(dāng)然，of late最近，of name有名的，of oneself自動(dòng)地，of purpose 有意地，of use 有用，of values 有價(jià)值的。八、On1.動(dòng)詞+ona）動(dòng)詞+ on。介詞on表示 憑借，產(chǎn)生某結(jié)果，接通”等意思：act on對(duì)有作用，bring on促使；導(dǎo)致，call on拜訪某人，count on依賴，carry o

33、n執(zhí)行,depend on取決，feed on以為生,figure on料想；推斷，go on繼續(xù)，have on穿 著,insist on堅(jiān)持，keep on繼續(xù)，lean on依賴，live on以為生，pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上，switch on接通（電 源），take to喜歡；養(yǎng)成；車5易學(xué)會(huì)，turn on接通（電源），work on操作，wait on侍候。例如：This kind of medicine acts on the heart. 這種藥對(duì)心臟有好處。The fine weather brings on the crops nicely.好天氣促使莊稼

34、長(zhǎng)勢(shì)良好。We count on you to help.我們有賴你的幫助。b）動(dòng)詞+sb.（sth.）+ on +sb.（sth.）。on的意思是 以，對(duì)，在某方面：base on以為基礎(chǔ)，congratulate on 恭賀，fi x on固定,have mercy on憐憫,have pity on憐惜,keep watch on監(jiān)視,spend on把時(shí)間、精力花在某方面。例如： Theory should be based on practice. 理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際。Congratulate on your success in the competition.恭喜你競(jìng)賽獲得成功。+形容

35、詞+on的詞組： be dependent on 依賴，be hard on 對(duì)某人苛亥U ,be impressed on 對(duì)印象深亥U , be keen on 渴 望,be strict on對(duì)嚴(yán)格。例如：We can t just be dependent on our parents.我們不能只依賴父母。He is keen on going abroad. 他渴望出國(guó)。+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：on表示處于某種狀態(tài)或在某個(gè)方位：on board乘（車，飛機(jī)），on call聽(tīng)候召喚，on duty值班，on earth 到底，on fire 著火，on foot 步行，on guard 在

36、崗，on hire 雇用，on holiday 度假，on leave 休假，on one s knees 跪下,on one s wOy的路上,on purpose 故意,on sale 待售， on shore 在岸上,on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，on the move 彳亍 動(dòng)，on the other hand 另方面,on the spot 當(dāng)場(chǎng),on the tip of one s tongue說(shuō)出口 , on top of 在的頂部， on watch值班。九、To1.動(dòng)詞+toa）動(dòng)詞+ to。介詞to意為 達(dá)到，指向”等：adjust to適應(yīng)，attend to處理；照料，ag

37、ree to贊同，amount to加起來(lái) 達(dá)，belong to屬于，come to達(dá)到,drink to為干杯，get to到達(dá)，happen to發(fā)生在某人身上 ,hold to緊握，lead t 。通向，listen to 聽(tīng)，occur to 想起，object to 反對(duì)，point to 指向，respond to 回答，refer to 參考；指的是 ；涉及，re ply to回答，see to負(fù)責(zé),stick to堅(jiān)持，turn to求助，write to給某人寫信。例如：She must learn to adjust herself to English life.她必須

38、學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)英國(guó)的生活。Business has to be attended to. 有事要辦。An idea occurred to me. 我想出一個(gè)辦法。b）動(dòng)詞（+sth.）+to+sb.。下列動(dòng)詞不能直接帶間接賓語(yǔ)sb.,要接間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)須在動(dòng)詞后加介詞to ： announce to通知某人，describe to向某人描述，explain to向某人解釋，express to對(duì)某人表達(dá)，mention to 提及，nod to向某人點(diǎn) 頭，report to 報(bào)告，say to告知，shout to對(duì)某人大叫，suggest to對(duì)某人提建議,speak to與某人交談，talk t

39、o跟某人 談話，whisper to和某人低聲耳語(yǔ)。例如：She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee.她跟我向委員會(huì)推舉了一兩個(gè)合適的人選。c）動(dòng)詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.。此時(shí)介詞to可譯成 至1J,于，給等意思：add to增力口，compare to比作，carry to運(yùn) 送至，devote to 致力于,introduce to 介紹給，invite to 邀請(qǐng)參加，join to連接到,leave to委托給,reduce to下降至,se ntence to判處,take

40、to帶到。例如：Please add a piece of candy to coffee.請(qǐng)給咖啡力口塊糖。Poets like to compare life to stage. 詩(shī)人喜歡把人生比作舞臺(tái)。2. be +形容詞/過(guò)去分詞+ to。to的意思是 對(duì)：be alive to覺(jué)察；曉得，be attentive to 注意；留心，be awake to 知曉，be blind to缺乏眼光,be close to緊挨著，be common to對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)很普通 ，be contrary to 違反；反對(duì)，be dev oted to 致力，be deaf to 不愿意聽(tīng),be eq

41、ual to 有的力量,be exposed to 暴露；遭受,be fair to 對(duì)公平，be familiar to對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)熟悉,be grateful to 對(duì)某人心存感激，be good to對(duì)有好處，be harmful to 對(duì)有危害，be important t o 對(duì)重要，be kind to 友好對(duì)待，be known to 周知于,be married to 嫁給，be moved to 轉(zhuǎn)移至U , be near to 靠近,be ne cessary to 對(duì)有必要,be opposite to 在對(duì)面,be opposed to 反對(duì)，be pleasant t

42、o 合某人之意 ,be proper to 專屬,be polite to 禮貌待人，be rude to 粗暴又t待，be relative to 與有關(guān)，be strange to 不習(xí)慣，be similar to 類似，be suitable t o 適合,be true to 忠實(shí),be thankful to 感激,be useful to 對(duì)有用，be used to 習(xí)慣。例如：Are you alive to what is going on 你注意到發(fā)生什么事了嗎The old man was not equal to the situation.那老人不能應(yīng)付這種情況。H

43、is house is opposite to mine.他的房子在我的房子對(duì)面。+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組有： to a degree在某種程度上，to date到現(xiàn)在為止,to one s fee起來(lái)，to one s mind看來(lái), to one s surprise吃驚，to one s tast合胃口，to oneself 獨(dú)自享用，to order 定彳,to the letter 不折不扣地，to t he point中肯地。介詞介詞又叫前置詞，是一種虛詞。介詞分為三種，一種是簡(jiǎn)單介詞，如at, in, on, beside, to , for等；另一種是短語(yǔ)介詞，即由兩個(gè)以上的詞組組成的

44、短語(yǔ)，如 in front of, because of, out of, instead of 等；還有一種叫二重介 詞，如 until after, from behind 等。（一）介詞的句法功能介詞不能獨(dú)立在句中做成份，介詞后必須與名詞、代詞、或動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成份，表 示人、物、事件等與其它人、物、事件等之間的關(guān)系。1、作定語(yǔ)： The book on the table is mine.2、作狀語(yǔ)： We have breakfast at seven.（表時(shí)間）； They were late for meeting because of the heavy ra

45、in.（表原因）； They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法）3、作表語(yǔ)：My dictionary is in the bag.4、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：I found him in the office.（二）主要介詞區(qū)別1、表示時(shí)間的 at, in, on ： at表示片刻的時(shí)間,如： at 8 o clock常用詞組有:at noon, at night, at midnight,at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christma

46、s, at New Year 等。in 表示段的時(shí)間，如： in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。on 總是 跟日子有關(guān)， on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning 等。2、表示時(shí)間的since和from： since表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間的過(guò)程，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。from表示從時(shí)間的某一

47、點(diǎn)開(kāi)始，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。一般多與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)連用。如：I hope to domorning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.3、表示時(shí)間的in和after ：兩者都表示 在（某個(gè)時(shí)間）之后，區(qū)別在于in表示 在（一段時(shí)間）之后 ”，而after則表示 在（某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)之后），in短語(yǔ)和將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用，after短語(yǔ)和過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用。如： we ll be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What

48、shall we do after graduation ?注意：after有時(shí)也可以表示在一段時(shí)間之后（常用在過(guò)去時(shí)里）。如：After two months he returned.4、表示地理位置的in, on, to ： in 表示在某范圍內(nèi)，on 指與什么毗鄰，to 指在某環(huán)境范圍之外。如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China.5、表示 在上”的on和in： on只表示在某物的表面上，而用 in表示占去某物一部

49、分。如：There is abook on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.6、表示 穿過(guò)的through和across： through表示從內(nèi)部通過(guò)，與 in有關(guān)；across則表示從一端至另一端在表面上的通過(guò)，與on 有關(guān)。如：Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.7、 in the corner, on the corner,

50、at the corner ： in the corner 表示在角落里，in 指角的內(nèi)面；on the corner 表示 “在角上 ”， on 指的不是內(nèi)面，也不是外面，而含內(nèi)外兼有之意；at the corner 指 “在拐角處”， at 指的是拐角外附近的外面。如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met with him at the street corner./ He sat on thecorner of the table.8、 in the end, at the end of, by the end of ： in

51、 the end 作 “最后 ”、 “終于 ”解，可單獨(dú)使用，后不接介詞of； atthe end of表示 在末梢，到盡頭，既可指時(shí)間，也可以指地上或物體。不可單獨(dú)使用；by the end of作在結(jié)束時(shí)”，到末為止解，只能指時(shí)間。不可單獨(dú)使用。如： In the end they reached a place of safety./At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the end o

52、f last month he had finished the novel.9、 表示關(guān)于”的about和。n：兩者都有關(guān)于”的意思，不過(guò)前者為一般用詞，而后者為較正式的密述”。如： He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science.10、 、 between, among ：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，between 表示兩者之間，among 用于三者或三者以上的中間。如：Youare to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among hi

53、s classmates.注意：但有時(shí)說(shuō)的雖然是三個(gè)以上的人或東西，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是兩兩相互間接關(guān)系，適用于between 。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在談到一些事物或一組事物，而把它們視為分居兩邊時(shí)用between 。如： The little valley lies between high mountains. 。在談事物間的差別時(shí)，總是用between 。如： Theydon t know the difference between wheat, oats and barley.11、 besides,

54、 except, but, except for : besides 指 除了還有， 再力口上 “。如： All went out besides me.；except 指 “除了，減去什么”，不能放在句首。如：All went out except me. ； but 與 except 意思近似，表示“除了 夕卜“經(jīng)常用在 no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑問(wèn)詞后面。如： I never saw him readinganything but the newspaper. ； except for 表示 如無(wú)就，只是 “表明理由細(xì)節(jié)。 如：

55、His diary is good except for afew spelling mistakes. 。12、 、表示“ 用 ”的 in 和 with ：表示工具的 “用 ”，用 with ，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語(yǔ)言、聲音等的 用“， 用 in。如： He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.13、 in c

56、harge of 和 in the charge of ：兩者都表示 “由誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)、照顧、管理”。區(qū)別在于：in charge of 后接被照管的人或物，而in the charge of 后面則跟照管的人。如：Who is in charge of the project/ The project is in thecharge of an engineer. 。14、 as, like： as作 作為、 以地位或身份”解。如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事實(shí)是父親）；like 作 象一樣解。如：Let me speak to you like a fat

57、her.（事實(shí)上不是父親）。15、 in front of 和 in the front of : in front of = before ,是 在前面”的意思（不在某物內(nèi)）； in the front of則是 在前部”的意思（在某物內(nèi)）。如： There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front ofthe car. 。16、 、 in, into ： into 表示動(dòng)向，不表示目的地或位置。如： We walked into the park. ； in 通常表示位置。如：We walked in the park ； in 和 drop, fall, put, throw, break 等終止性動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，也可以表示動(dòng)向。如： I have put the coin in (into) my pocket. 我把硬幣放進(jìn)衣袋。高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)專題講解-介