醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞根詞綴大全0001

1、醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞根詞綴SuffixMeaningExample-acperta ining tocardiac: perta ining to the heart屬于，關(guān)于心臟（?。┑?alperta ining tomedical: perta ining to medici ne-arperta ining tomolecular: perta ining to a molecule分子的-aryperta ining tociliary: pertaining to the ciliabel onging to睫毛的,纖毛的，毛狀的-aseen zyme 酶amylase: any en zy

2、me that con verts starch to sugar淀粉酶-clesmall nessfollicle: a small bodily cavity or sac小,少，貧乏,小氣小囊,（頭發(fā)的）毛囊-ean instrument 儀器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear ( 檢 查耳朵用的)耳鏡-ealperta ining tolaryngeal: pertaining to the larynx 喉的，喉音的-iacon diti on; qualityphobia: abnormal fear 恐懼，害怕-icper

3、ta ining totoxic: perta ining to tox in有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudy of; n ame of a scie neepaediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 兒科學(xué)-ine/insubsta nee 物質(zhì)insulin : substanee (hormone) produced by the islets of Lan gerha ns in the pan creas胰島素-ismprocess or con diti onalcoholism: excess

4、ive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒-istone who specializes inpharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the精通于的人study of drugs 藥理專(zhuān)家-itisin flammatio n refers to a part inrhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages部位的炎癥鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelati on to a whole; related to與相關(guān)endometrium: in

5、ner lining of the uter 子宮內(nèi)膜-ivecharacterizes byan titussive: a drug that suppresses cough ing 止咳藥-lettiny; smalldroplet: a tiny drop 小滴-mentthe result or product of an actiondevelopment: thing which develops or is being developed; action of beco ming mature-oidresembli ng; likemucoid: resembli ng mu

6、cus像粘液樣的-olelittle; smallcentriole: the small dense structure in the middle-omatumor; swelling refers to a doer-or/-ereither a person or thing-orycharacterized by; pertaining to-osesugar-osisabnormal condition-ouspertaining to-somesbodies-umstructure; thing; substance 結(jié)構(gòu)，物質(zhì)-ycondition; act; processo

7、f the centrosome 細(xì)胞中心粒；中心體 dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin 皮膚纖維瘤 receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli 感受器，受體 suspensory: which is hanging down冃且錄 目些 懸吊式，懸?guī)?fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden na

8、il 嵌甲poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的ribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖體 magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 鎂(金屬元素)dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixesSu

9、ffixMeaningExample-algiapain; painful; conditionarthralgia: pain in a joint 關(guān)節(jié)痛-aseenzymeprotease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶-blastembryo 胚，胚胎，人類(lèi)胚胎hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚細(xì)胞，原始血細(xì)胞-carcinomamalignant tumor developingfrom adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developingconnective tissue 相關(guān)組織的惡性from glandular

10、tissue 腺癌腫瘤-celeprotrusion; distention 突出；膨脹，esophagocele: abnormal distention ofthe延伸esophagus 食管突出-centesissurgical puncture 手術(shù)穿孔paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for theaspiration of fluid 穿刺術(shù)-capniacarbon dioxide 二氧化碳acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二 碳缺乏氧化-cidekillgermicide: (subs

11、tance) which can kill germs 殺菌劑-clastcellphagocyte:cell, especially a white bloodcell,which can surround and destroy other cells 細(xì)胞噬菌-dyniapainglossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛-ectasia/expansion; dilation( 膨脹，擴(kuò)張)atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at-ectasisbirth 肺不張-ectomysurgical excis

12、ion or removal ofgastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach胃切除術(shù)-edema excessive accumulation of serousm yxoedema: condition caused when the thyroidfluid 水腫 gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水腫-emiablood conditionleukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal numb

13、er of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病-emesisvomiting 嘔吐hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血-gensomething that producedorpathogen: a microorganism or agent capable ofprouducesproducing disease 病菌，病原體-genesisproduction 生產(chǎn)spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes 精子發(fā)生

14、-globinprotein 蛋白質(zhì)hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血紅素-gnosisknowledgediagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination-gramimage; pictureelectrocardiogram: a graphic record of theelectrical activity of heart mu

15、scle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease.Abbr. ECG and EKG. Syn. cardiogram 心電圖-graph（y）process of recordingelectocardiography: the process of making or記錄過(guò)程recording electrocardiograms. Syn. cardiography心電圖記錄-iasiscondition; statecholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 膽石癥情況，狀況-i

16、atry/healing, frequentlyrefers to apodiatry: treatment of foot disorders-iatricsbranch of medicine康復(fù)，常指醫(yī) 足部醫(yī)療學(xué)的一個(gè)分支-lithstone-logythe study of-logistone who studies and treats-lysisbreakdown, destruction-malaciasoftening-maniaextreme compulsionpreoccupation 強(qiáng)迫癥-megalygiant-metry/measurement-metercho

17、lelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 膽結(jié)石cytology: the science study of cells 細(xì)胞學(xué) urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urology 泌尿科醫(yī)生hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin 溶血 osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨軟化 orkle

18、ptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsionto steal 盜竊癖acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of the facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大癥spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs 肺（活）量測(cè)定 （法）,呼吸量測(cè)定 （法 ）-odyniapain

19、cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛-onehormone 荷爾蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the blood, bones, and teeth 甲狀旁腺激素-opiaa defect in the eye 眼睛的毛病myopia: being short-sighted 近視-opsyto viewbiopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis 活檢-osismorbid condition

20、 病態(tài)的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化癥-osmiasmellanosmia: loss of the sense of smell 嗅覺(jué)喪失-ostomyprocess of making an opening into gastrostomy: surgical construction of an openingor a connection betweenfrom the surface of the abdomen into the stomach造瘺胃造口術(shù)-oxialevel of oxygen 氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen

21、level or a lack of oxygen in body tissues 組織缺氧-pathydisease; diseased conditionophthalmopathy: any eye disease 眼病-peniadeficiencyleukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leukocytopenia 白細(xì)胞減少癥-pepsiadigestioneupepsia: good digestion 消化良好-pexya fixing or setting firmly in place byhepato

22、pexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver 肝suturing 縫合固定固定術(shù)-phagia/phag eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing 吞咽困難y-philattraction 吸引，具有吸引力的事物basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contains granules 嗜堿性粒細(xì)胞-phobiafearxenophobia: irrational fear of strangers 對(duì)外國(guó)人

23、的恐懼，憎惡-plasiaformation; developmenthyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or tissue 增生，數(shù)量型肥大-phoniavoicedysphonia: difficulty in speaking 發(fā)聲困難-plasmformation; growth or substance of cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell 細(xì)胞漿 formation-plastysurgical repairosteoplasty: surgical repai

24、r of the bone 骨整形術(shù)， 骨成形術(shù)-plegiastroke; paralysis 中風(fēng)thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke 熱射病-pneabreathingeupnea: normal breathing 呼吸正常，平靜呼吸-ptosisa falling, the dropping or sagging ofhepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liveran organ 器官下移肝下垂-ptysisspitting 分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen 黑

25、色痰液 ;咳 黑痰-poiesisproductionhemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作 用，生血作用-rrhage/bursting forth of blood 出血menorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during-rrhagiamenstruation 月經(jīng)過(guò)多-rrhaphysurgical sewing or suturingsplenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen 脾修補(bǔ)術(shù)-rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea: watery discharge 液溢-(o)rr

26、hexissplitting or rupture 撕裂，破裂，疝amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac氣羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignant tumor developing from liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fatconnective tissue脂肪肉瘤-schesisa holding back; suppression of uroschesis: suppression of urine 閉尿，尿潴留discharge 阻礙；抑制排放-sclerosisa hardeningde

27、rmatosclerosis: hardening of the skin 硬皮病-scopeinstrument for viewingstethoscope: an instrument for performingmedicate ausculation 聽(tīng)診器-scopyprocess of examining visuallyhepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝檢查-spasminvoluntary contractionangiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles ina blood vesse

28、l 血管痙攣-stasissuppression; stoppage;control; hemostasis: the arrest of bleedingarrest 抑制，中止止血，止血法-stenosisabnormal narrowing ofa duct orlaryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynxcanal 管、道德異常狹窄喉狹窄-stomysurgical opening to theoutside of colostomy: surgical operation to make an openingthe body 造口

29、from the colon 結(jié)腸造口術(shù)-tentionpressurehypertention: high blood pressure 高血壓-therapytreatmentphysiotherapy: treatment of disease by physicalmea ns物理療法-tionprocesshospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院-tocialabor; birth 生產(chǎn)embryotocia: abortion 流產(chǎn)-tometool for incisionarthrotome: instrumen

30、t for cutting a joint 關(guān)節(jié)刀-tomyprocess of cutting intogastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切開(kāi)術(shù)-tropiaturning 轉(zhuǎn)彎，變向esotropia: turning inward of the eye 內(nèi)斜視-trophynourishment or development of andystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutritionorgan 器官的營(yíng)養(yǎng)、發(fā)育or metabolism 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良-uriaa condition of the uri

31、ne (小便) dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困難-versionturningeversion: a turning outward 外翻，翻轉(zhuǎn)Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixesPrefixMeaningExamplea-/an-without; notaphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words or to speak meaningfully 失語(yǔ)癥ab-away fromabortion: exp

32、ulsion from the uterus 流產(chǎn)ad-to; toward; nearadnasal: near the nose 近鼻的acro-a point or tipacronyx: growing into the flesh 嵌甲alb-whitealbino: a person lacking normal pigmentation 白發(fā) 病者amb-/bothambisexual、 bisexual: (person) who is sexuallyambi-attracted to both males and famales 雙性戀amphi-/both; both s

33、idesamphicentric: beginning and ending in the sameampho-vessel 起止同源的血管歡迎下載9ana-up; back againAngio-a blood vesselante-beforeanti-againstaudi-hearing; soundauto-selfbi-two; twicebio-living organisms 生命體brady-slowcarcin-carcinoma or cancer 癌；瘤cata-downwards; under; against;centi-along withone hundredt

34、h 百分之一co(n)-with or togethercontra-againstde-removal or lossdeca-tendeci-tenthdi-twodia-through; between; apart; acrossdis-reversal or separatedys-bad; difficult; disorderedecho-soundect-/outside or outerecto-en-in; withinendo-insideepi-on; overanabolism: process of building up complex chemical subs

35、tances on the basis of simpler ones 合成代謝angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel 血 管瘤antenatal: during the period between conception and childbirth 出生前的，懷孕期的 antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression 抗 抑郁劑audiometry: science of testing hearing 聽(tīng)力測(cè)定 autoantibody: antibody formed to attack t

36、he body ' s own cel自身抗體bicellular: two cells 兩室的biochemistry: chemistry living tissues 生物化學(xué) bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow pulse rate 心動(dòng)過(guò)緩carci nogen: a can cer-caus ing substa nee 致癌物 cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becomes hard and opaque 白

37、內(nèi)障 centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of a meter) 厘米 consanguineous: blood relationship 血親的，血緣 的，密切的contraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or drugs 避孕法，節(jié)育法decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed 脫去咖啡因的decagram: ten grams 十克 deciliter: unit of measurem

38、ent of liquid(=one tenth of a little)1/10 公升diglossia: a double tongue 使用兩種語(yǔ)言 diathermy: process of (treating) through heat 透熱療法disintegrate: to come to pieces 分解，破裂 dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint 關(guān)節(jié)變形echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart 心 回波描記，超聲心動(dòng)描記術(shù)ecchondroma: benig

39、n tumor on the surface of cartilage or bone 外生軟骨瘤enostosis: benign growth inside a bone 內(nèi)生骨疣 endocardium: membrane which lines the heart 心 內(nèi)膜epidermis: outer layer of skin 表皮ery-rederythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell 紅細(xì)胞eso-inward; within（ 向內(nèi) ）esotropia: turning inward of the eye 內(nèi)斜視eu-

40、goodeugenics: study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection 優(yōu)生學(xué)ex-/ exo-out ofexhale: to breath out 呼出extra-outsideextracapsular: outside a capsule 囊外的hemi-halfhemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏癱 ,半身麻痹 ,半身不遂hydro-waterhydrocele: collection of watery liquid fo

41、und in a cavity such as the scrotum 陰囊積水hyper-higher or too muchhyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood 高 血糖癥hypo-less or too littlehypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the blood 低血鉀in-in or intoinbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and female 近親交配in-notincoherent: not able

42、to speak in a way whichmakes sense語(yǔ)無(wú)倫次infra-below or beneathinfrapatellar: below or beneath the patella 髕inter-betweeninterlobular: between lobules 小葉間的intra-insideintramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinal cord 髓內(nèi)itro-intointrovert: person who thinks only about himself and his own mental stat

43、e 性格內(nèi)向的人mal-bad or abnormalmalfunction: abnormal working of an argan 機(jī)器 等運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)失常；失靈；出現(xiàn)故障meta-changesmetaplasia: change of one tissue to another 化生，轉(zhuǎn)化，組織變形micro-very smallmicrocyte: abnormally small red blood cell 小紅 細(xì)胞mid-middlemidcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones 腕骨間的milli-one thousandthmil

44、ligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克mis-error or wrongmiscarriage: spontaneous abortion 流產(chǎn)multi-manymultigravida: a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnant at least twice before 經(jīng)產(chǎn)孕婦noct-at nightnocturia: passing abnormally large quantity of urine when asleep in bed at night 夜尿癥nona-nine or

45、the ninethnonagon: flat shape which has nine sides 九邊形octa-eightoctan: every eight days 八日熱； 每隔八日發(fā)一次 的odont-teethodontology: study of teeth and associatedstructures, and their disordersonco-tumoursoncology: scientific study of new gowths 腫瘤學(xué)oro-mouthorolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue 口 與

46、舌的pachy-thickeningpachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become abnormally thick 軀體肥厚pali-/against; pathologic repetition病態(tài) palindromic: (disease) which recurspalin-的重復(fù)復(fù)發(fā)的，再發(fā)的pan-/pant-/allpancytopenia: abnormal depression of all thepanto-cellular elements of the blodd 全血細(xì)胞減少癥para-simi

47、lar to or near; changed orparalyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so thatbeyondthey cannot function 使麻痹，使癱瘓pen-/fivepentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urinepenta-戊糖尿per-throughpercutaneous: done or administered through the skin 經(jīng)皮的，由皮的peri-aroundpericystitis: inflammation of tissue around th

48、e bladder 膀胱周炎pero-deformed or defective 畸形有缺陷 peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs的四肢不全pharmaco-drugspharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action, properties and characteristics 藥理學(xué)， 藥物學(xué)pleo-/too manypleokaryocyte: condition where a greater thanpleio-normal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid 多核 細(xì)胞pluri-morepluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several glan