新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)3 Unit 2 Iron and the effects of exercise

1、Iron and the Effects of ExerciseHow much do you know about iron? Take the quiz and check if you know it! Everyone needs iron to grow and stay healthy. It is found in many parts of the body. Choose one thing iron does in your body:a. It helps your fingernails stay smooth.b. It helps to carry oxygen f

2、rom lungs to cells.c. It helps your hair stay healthy.d. It helps to strengthen your muscles.Iron ChallengeQuestion 1 / 10 B1. The answer is B. Iron carries oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body. Iron also builds red blood cells. Without enough iron, you may feel tired and have trouble co

3、ncentrating.Everyone requires a different amount of dietary iron to stay healthy. Which of the groups below needs the most iron each day?Iron ChallengeQuestion 2 / 10 a. infants,7-12 months oldb. teen girls,14- 18 years oldc. men,19-50 years oldd. women,19- 50 years oldDWomen 1950 years old need mor

4、e iron than any other age group. Women need the most iron because they lose varying amounts during the menstruation.2. The answer is D.There are two types of iron. One is heme(亞鐵血紅素亞鐵血紅素), which is easily absorbed by the body; and the other is non-heme, which is not as well absorbed. Choose one food

5、 thatcontains heme iron. Iron ChallengeQuestion 4 / 10 a. bran flakesb. beef hamburgerc. eggsd. red kidney beansB4. The answer is B. Heme iron is found in all meat, fish and poultry. Non-heme iron, which is not so well absorbed, can be found in foods such as nuts, beans, cereals and eggs.Meat, fish

6、and poultry contain different amounts of heme iron. Choose the food with the most heme iron.Iron ChallengeQuestion 5 / 10 a. salmon steakb. beef tenderloinc. chicken breastd. pork tenderloinBtenderloin: （牛、羊等的）腰部嫩肉；Redder or darker meats tend to have more heme iron. For example, chicken legs (dark m

7、eat) has more heme iron than chickenbreast (light meat).5. The answer is B. You may be iron deficient if you _. Iron ChallengeQuestion 6 / 10 a. often feel tiredb. look palec. have difficulty concentratingd. all of the aboveDSymptoms of iron deficiency may include: looking pale, feeling tired, havin

8、g trouble concentrating, feeling out of breath, not havingenough energy, and feeling irritable. 6. The answer is D. The amount of non-heme iron you absorb is affected by other foods. Choose one food that increases the absorption of non-heme iron.Iron ChallengeQuestion 7 / 10 a. orangesb. whole grain

9、 breadsc. yoghurtd. teaAOranges are a good source of vitamin C, which can increase the amount of non-heme iron absorbed by up to four times. Meat, fish and poultry can also increase the absorption of non-heme iron.Substances in tea and coffee can lower theamount of non-heme iron your body can use. 7

10、. The answer is A (oranges).Iron ChallengeQuestion 10 / 10 A good way to maintain a healthy level of iron in the body is to _. a. eat iron-fortified breakfast cereals oftenb. enjoy a variety of meat dishes on a regular basisc. include vitamin C-rich vegetables in your mealsd. do all of these All of

11、theseD1、endure v. 1) 忍耐;忍受 2) 持續(xù);持久 endurance n.耐久（力），持久（力）；忍耐，忍耐力 endurable adj. 1)可忍受的 2) 能持久的；耐用的2、deficient adj. 不足的，缺乏的；有缺陷的；不充分的； deficiency n. 1) 缺乏，缺少，不足 2) 缺點(diǎn);缺陷;瑕疵3、moderate adj. 1) (政治觀點(diǎn)或政策)溫和的，不激進(jìn)的 2) (人或團(tuán)體)溫和的，穩(wěn)健的 3) 中等的;普通的;適度的；適量的 v. (使)緩和;(使)減輕;(使)減弱;節(jié)制5、journal n. 1)（尤指某專門學(xué)科的）雜志，刊物

12、2) 日?qǐng)?bào)，周報(bào)，報(bào)（常用于報(bào)紙名稱中）magazine： 指刊登各種文章、小說(shuō)、詩(shī)歌、評(píng)議的雜志。 6、consume v. 1) 吃喝，飲用 2) 消耗，耗費(fèi)(燃料、能源或時(shí)間) 3) 燒毀，吞沒，吞噬 4)(使)沉溺，(使)沉迷，(使)充滿(感情或思想)eg: The memories consumed him.7、amount: 數(shù)量，金額，總額 后接(不可數(shù)名詞)an amount of；a ( great, large ) amount of；amounts ofeg：He made a large amount of money.*修飾名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)取決于amount的數(shù)e

13、g：A large amount of money was spent on the house. Large amounts of money were spent on the house.8、menstruate v. menstruation n. period n.9、red meat: 未煮前顏色是紅色的肉類（尤指牛、羊肉） dark meat: 黑肉（指禽類的腿等部分燒不白的肉）10、in an effort to do sth 努力嘗試做某事11、restrict v. 1)限制，限定 （大小、規(guī)模等） 2)約束，限制(活動(dòng)或行為) 12、liable adj. 1)有可能的，

14、有傾向的，易于的eg：be liable to catch cold / come today 2)（在法律上）有責(zé)任的，有義務(wù)的eg：Im not liable for other peoples debts.13、tip over the edge 引起顯著變化; (使)進(jìn)入另一種狀態(tài)eg：The continuous high-temperature climate tipped the drought here over the edge into more seriousness.14、digest v. 1) 消化,吸收eg: She couldnt digest food pro

15、perly. 2) 理解;領(lǐng)會(huì);領(lǐng)悟eg: They seem to need time to digest the information. 3) 慢慢接受(令人不快的消息) * digestive: 消化的;助消化的eg：digestive biscuit (全麥)消化餅干 to do sth.15、impact n. 1) 影響;作用eg: have an impact on 2) 撞擊;碰撞;撞擊力eg: That man must die on v. 1) 撞擊;沖擊;碰撞16、leak v. 1) 漏；滲漏；泄漏eg: The roof leaked. 2) 走漏；泄露；透露eg:

16、 We dont know how the information leaked. n. 1) 裂縫；漏隙；漏洞 2) 泄露；泄露物17、fatigue n. 疲憊;疲勞;疲倦 fatigues n.(士兵的)作訓(xùn)服，工作服fatiguedfatiguing18、calculate v. 1)計(jì)算eg：From this you can calculate the total number. 2)估算;估計(jì);推算;預(yù)料eg：I believe I can calculate the political consequences.19、state n. 1)國(guó)家，州，政府 2)情況，狀態(tài)，情況e

17、g：in a fit state to do 3)心態(tài)，心情eg：I was in a terrible state because nobody could understand me. v. 1)聲稱，宣稱，聲明(以口頭或書面形式正式或明確地)eg：We are just friends, she stated. The police report stated that he was arrested for stealing. 20、talk with sb. 與交談 talk to sb. 同（某人）談話eg：I am talking to Tom.(強(qiáng)調(diào)I單方面的對(duì)Tom 在談話）

18、 I am talking with Tom.(強(qiáng)調(diào)I和Tom在相互談話） talk about sth.：討論，談?wù)摚豢紤]（做）；21、modify v.1)修改;變更;改進(jìn)eg：The members agreed to modify their policy. 2)修飾;限定22、yearly adj. 每年的；一年一度的； eg：yearly income adv.每年；一年一度；* monthly; daily23、undo v.1)解開；松開；打開eg：I undid the two buttons of my yellow shirt. 2)撤銷；抵消；消除eg：What he

19、did may undo the good impression. 3)破壞；毀掉eg：Our folly has undone us. 24、derive v. 1)獲得;取得;得到 derive sth. from sb. or sth.eg：She always derives pleasure from helping others. 2)（使）起源于;（使）來(lái)自eg：Her strength is derived from her parents .25、select v.選擇；挑選；選拔 adj.精選的；優(yōu)等的；高級(jí)的；第一流的26、content n. k:ntent 1)內(nèi)容

20、2)目錄 3)含量;成分 v. kntent 1)使(自己)滿足(于) adj. 1)滿足的;知足的 eg： be content with / to do sth. 2)滿意的;愜意的27、interfere v. 1)干涉;干預(yù);介入 interfere ineg：I dont want to interfere in your privacy. 2)打擾;妨礙;沖突;抵觸 interfere witheg：These problems frequently interfered with his work.28、sum up 1)合計(jì)，總計(jì)eg：Your marks sum up to

21、508. 2)總結(jié)，歸納，概括 * to sum upeg：Then he summed up our opinions.29、striking adj. 1）引人注目的;異乎尋常的;顯著的 2）嫵媚動(dòng)人的;標(biāo)致的;俊秀的eg：She is a striking woman with long black hair.30、remedy v.糾正;補(bǔ)救;矯正eg：The board has taken many steps to remedy the situation. n. 1) 補(bǔ)救辦法；糾正辦法eg：Your only remedy is to appeal to law 2) 藥品;治

22、療方法eg：So far, there is no known remedy for cancer.1、use up 用光；用完；用盡2、tend to do sth. 傾向于做某事3、in the hands of 在的掌握中；由處理4、in the case of 至于；就來(lái)說(shuō)；對(duì)而言5、moderate和modest的區(qū)別：moderate：You use moderate to describe something that is neither large nor small in amount or degree. 指不多不少剛剛好的，適當(dāng)?shù)?，或合理的限度。modest：You u

23、se modest to describe something such as an amount, rate, or improvement which is fairly small. 指數(shù)量，體積，價(jià)值等不大的，不過(guò)分的，不高的。按照程度排序：no, small, modest, moderate, extensive獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)m獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)（Absolute structure）由兩部分組成，前一部分是名詞或者代詞，后一部分是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞)或形容詞、副詞、名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。前后兩部分具有邏輯主謂關(guān)系。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)本身不是句子，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，表時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨

24、、目的等。m表示時(shí)間: Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. m表示條件: The condition being favourable, he may succeed. m表示原因: There being no taxis, we had to walk. m表示伴隨情況: Almost all metals are good conductors,silver being the best of all. 一般獨(dú)立主格形式m名詞/主格代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞：主動(dòng)關(guān)系m名詞/主格代詞+過(guò)去分詞：被動(dòng)關(guān)系m名詞/主格代詞+不定式：主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且是一

25、次具體性的動(dòng)作eg：They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. m名詞/主格代詞+形容詞：So many people absent, the meeting had to be called offm名詞/主格代詞+副詞：The meeting over, they all went home.m名詞/主格代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)：The boy goes to the classroom,book in hand.m名詞/主格代詞+名詞：Two hundred people d

26、ied in the accident, many of them children. take down 記錄；記下；取下 take in 吸收；領(lǐng)會(huì) take on 承擔(dān)；擔(dān)當(dāng) take up 開始從事rewrite 重寫；改寫；修改 （they write it in a different way in order to improve it. ）revise 修改；修正；修訂 （adjust）reverse （使）反轉(zhuǎn)；（使）顛倒；換掉；交換reveal 顯露；揭露；泄露sustain 維持；支撐；支持；遭受；忍受（ If you sustain something such as a defeat, loss, or injury, it happens to you.）suffer 遭受；忍受 （pain，illness，bad cond