高中完型填空教師版

1、紹興環(huán)球雅思 高中完型高中完型一、概述完形填空不僅考查學(xué)生對詞匯、語法等基礎(chǔ)知識的綜合運用能力，而且考查學(xué)生的邏輯推理和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)理解能力。它的命題原則是“以實詞為主，虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語境化”。該題型難度大，區(qū)分度高，是歷年高考得分率較低的題型。（一）高考完形填空考試簡介及題型特點1. 分值及答題時間 高考完型填空共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分。時間安排為15分鐘，因此要求考生的答題速度為每1分半鐘完成2個空格。2. 題目難度和文章長度 完型填空的難度與高中教材大致相同，長度一般在250-300詞左右。3. 首句完整（保留提示句）完型填空的第一句話大多不設(shè)空，是完整的，以期創(chuàng)造一個語境，給

2、考生以提示。4. 情景意義選擇為主，語法選擇填空為輔 完形填空考查的重點是以對文章的通篇理解和詞匯意義為主，以考查慣用搭配、常識和語法為輔。例如： (1) Japan is an island country and its _go all over Japan. (2) Japan is an island country and its A go all over the Pacific looking for fish to catch. (3) Japan is an island country and its C go over the Pacific looking for th

3、e fish groups.(4) Japan is an island country and its B go on the Pacific looking for the missing people. (5) Japan is an island country and its D go all over Japan, sending people to and from work. 選擇項：A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains5. 實詞為主，虛詞為輔完型填空的邏輯性強，考查以實詞即所謂信息詞匯為主（實詞中以動詞、名詞、形容

4、詞和副詞為主），虛詞為輔。（二）完形填空的類型1. 記敘類2. 議論類3. 夾敘夾議類4. 說明類注：高考完型填空所選的文章大多是有一定故事情節(jié)的記敘文或夾敘夾議的短文。盡管如此，考生在把握重點的基礎(chǔ)上，也要注意從其他幾種類型中積累知識。（三）完型填空的解題步驟（口訣）快速跳讀，通覽全文，領(lǐng)會大意瞻前顧后，上下對照，得到啟示逐句閱讀，明確詞義，選出答案帶回原文，校對答案，復(fù)讀全文（四）高考完型填空真題回顧2011浙江卷第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-40各題所給的四個選項(A. B. C和D)中選出最佳的選項，并在答題紙上將該選項標號

5、涂黑。Although I love my life, it hasn't been a lot of fun as I've been ill for 28 years.Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my 21 was more manageable, I 22 ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs. 23 that was years ago and t

6、imes have changed. 24 I live with mother on a country farm.Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to 25 my disability pension（殘疾撫恤金). 26 I needed to sleep in the afternoons. I was limited in my 27 . I decided that I would consider 28 to singing in restaurants.My f

7、amily are all musicians, so I was 29 when I went into our local music store. I explained that I wanted to sing again but using recorded karaoke music. I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didn't have a lot of 30 to get started, And 31 you find only three to four songs out of ten on

8、 a disc that you can 32 use. When I told the owner of the shop about my 33 ; he gave me a long thoughtful 34 .“This means a lot to you, doesn't it ?" he said. “Come with me.”He led me 35 the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. He placed his large hand 36

9、 on his treasure and said, “I have 800 karaoke songs in here. You can take your 37 and I´ll record them for you. That should get you started.”I 38 . Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose 39 that I could sing. I have come full circle with his help.His 40 stil

10、l warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra, when I have the chance.21.A. loneliness B. sadness C. tiredness D. sickness22.A. set B. enjoyed C. kept D. shared23.A. Gladly B. Eventually C. Unfortunately D. Surprisingly24.A. Now B. Then C. Sometime D. Meanwhile25.A. add up to B. make up for C

11、. get rid of D.take advantage of26.A. If B. As C. Though D. Before27.A. movement B. condition C. choices D. positions28.A. reaching out B. living up C. getting on D. going back29.A. recognized B. interviewed C. found D. invited 30.A. money B. time C. energy D. knowledge31.A. thus B. once C. seldom D

12、. often32.A. actually B. hardly C. nearly D. formerly33.A. job B. family C. idea D. offer34.A. face B. view C. look D. sight35.A. over B. along C. towards D. through36.A. Unhappily B. lovingly C. pitifully D. gratefully37.A. pick B. turn C. role D. step38.A. had to cry B. ought to cry C. should have

13、 cried D.could have cried 39.A. more B. the ones C. few D. the rest40.A. courage B. devotion C. kindness D. trust答案21-25. DBCAB 26-30. BCDAA 31-35. DACCD 36-40. BADBC 【點評】2011年高考英語浙江卷完形填空部分原文節(jié)選于讀者文摘（Reader'sDigest)澳大利亞版，考題略有刪節(jié)，并替換掉原文中超過高考范圍的詞匯，采取同義詞替換的手段使原文表述通暢。所選文章延續(xù)歷年出題模式，以記敘文為題材，選取作者在生命中不平凡的階

14、段受到陌生人幫助的事實，歌頌和贊揚人間真情和助人的美德?！窘馕觥?1題，屬于上文提示法，首句中出現(xiàn)ill，此選項應(yīng)是ill的同義表達，故選D.sickness。22題，屬于上文提示法，上句出現(xiàn)病情可以manageable，所以作者應(yīng)該是享受那段過去的美好時光，故選B.enjoyed。23題，屬于下文解釋法，下文出現(xiàn)發(fā)生改變，結(jié)合首句作者生病，可推出作者表達的是不幸的情緒，故選C.unfortunately。此選項為高考完形填空中的的高頻選項。24題，屬于轉(zhuǎn)折對比法，上文出現(xiàn)years ago和changed，因此推出此題應(yīng)回歸現(xiàn)實，故選A.now。25題，屬于固定搭配法，add up to總計

15、，make up for彌補，補償，get rid of處理，擺脫，take advantage of利用，此題應(yīng)選B.make up for。26題，屬于邏輯關(guān)系法，此法多用于句子與句子之間，解決連詞的問題。此題因為作者下午需要睡覺，所以受到限制。故選B.As。27題，屬于上文解釋法，第三段首句提到作者打算做某事，但由于病情，下午需要睡覺，所以選擇受限，故選C.choices。28題，屬于前后照應(yīng)法，上文提到過幾年之前唱歌的事實，此處再次出現(xiàn)要去唱歌，故選D.going back。29題，屬于中文代入法，全家都是音樂家，所以走進音像店會被認出，故選A.recognized。30題，屬于A a

16、nd B法，這是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，要求前后詞性與詞義要相似，幾乎在每年的高考完形中都會考查這個知識點。本題and之前說東西很貴，之后理應(yīng)推出沒有足夠的錢，故選A.money。31題，屬于反義多一對，即四個選項中有一組反義詞，答案多在這組反義詞中出現(xiàn)。此題C和D構(gòu)成反義結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)文章信息，故選D.often。32題，屬于中文代入法，實際上一張光盤里的十首歌也只有三/四首可以用，故選A.actually。33題，屬于上文提示法，上文中作者有提到過想再次唱歌的這個想法，故選C.idea。34題，屬于同義辨析法， 此題中的B.view強調(diào)的是眺望風(fēng)景，C.look強調(diào)看的眼神，D.sight強調(diào)視力，本文店主

17、深深地看了作者，屬于眼神之間的交流，故選C.look。35題，屬于固定搭配法，店主帶領(lǐng)作者穿過擁擠的店鋪，從空間穿過，故選D.through。36題，屬于感情色彩法，此法多用于解決形容詞或副詞。下文出現(xiàn)treasure，因此可以推出店主對自己的寶物愛不釋手，心愛地觸摸，故選B.lovingly。37題，屬于固定搭配法，take your pick，美國俚語，隨你挑選的意思，故選A.pick。38題，屬于語法識別法，近幾年高考完形填空部分逐步淡化語法點考查，一般只會涉及一道。C.should have cried,本應(yīng)該做的事情而沒有做，放在原文中過于牽強，而本題是作者受到店主的感激，非常感動，

18、本可以哭但沒有哭，故選D.could have cried。39題，屬于尋找重復(fù)法，31題與32題之前曾出現(xiàn)only three to four songs.can use，對應(yīng).could sing,故選B.the ones。40題，屬于主旨概況法，即所選選項要與原文中心相一致。本文詳細描述店主對作者的幫助，店主的善舉感動作者，故選C.kindness。2010浙江卷第二節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分) 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從2140各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項標號涂黑。 I will never forget the

19、 year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be 21 Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, "What would I say when the other kids asked what I'd 22 ?" Just when I started to 23 that there would not be a Christmas that year,

20、three women 24 at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of 25 that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn't 26 . Somebody had thought 27 of me to bring me a gift. Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new

21、house, thinking how I wanted to make my 28 Christmas there special and memorable, I 29 remembered the women's visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of 30 for as many children as I could possibly reach. So I 31 a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gath

22、ered about 125 orphans (孤兒) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, 32 with a child's name. We wanted all of them to know they were 33 . Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I 34 them that they

23、couldn't open their presents 35 every child had come forward. Finally the 36 they had been waiting for came as I called out, "One, two, three. Open your presents!" As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles 37 up the room. The 38 in the room was o

24、bvious, and 39 wasn't just about toys. It was a feeling the feeling I knew 40 that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn't forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter. 21.A. sending B. receiving C. making D. exchanging 22. A. found B. prepared C. got D. expected 23. A. d

25、oubt B. hope C. suggest D. accept 24. A. broke in B. settled down C. turned up D. showed off 25. A. relief B. loss C. achievement D. justice 26. A. blamed B. loved C. forgotten D. affected 27. A. highly B. little C. poorly D. enough 28. A. present B. first C. recent D. previous 29. A. hardly B. inst

26、antly C. regularly D. occasionally 30. A. strength B. independence C. importance D. safety 31. A. kept up with B. caught up with C. came up with D. put up with 32. A. none B. few C. some D. each 33. A. fine B. special C. helpful D. normal 34. A. reminded B. guaranteed C. convinced D. promised 35. A.

27、 after B. until C. when D. since 36. A. chance B. gift C. moment D. reward 37. A. lit B. took C. burned D. cheered 38. A. atmosphere B. sympathy C. calmness D. joy39. A. it B. such C. something D. everybody40. A. by B. till C. for D. from 答案21-25. BCDCA 26-30. CDBBC 31-35. CDBAB 36.-40. CADAD詳細解釋：21

28、. 答案：B。本題考查動詞辨析。由上文可知，還是小孩子的我，在圣誕節(jié)來臨，我應(yīng)該是收到禮物，所以選擇receiving。 22. 答案：C。本題考查動詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，此處表達的意思是別人問我收到了什么禮物，所以選擇got。 23. 答案：D。本題考查動詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，推斷此處表達的意思是：我開始接受沒有禮物的現(xiàn)實，選擇accept，其他三個選項意思都不符合。 24. 答案：C。本題考查動詞短語辨析。四個選項：break in闖入；settle down安居；turn up出現(xiàn)；show off炫耀。聯(lián)系上下文此處是出現(xiàn)在我家，給我們圣誕禮物，故選擇C，意思最貼切。 25. 答案：A。本

29、題考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文：I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school（當(dāng)我回到學(xué)校時，我不會再感到難堪了。）結(jié)合四個選項的意思，可以推斷出此處是表示我解脫了，送了一口氣，故選擇A。 26. 答案：C。本題考查動詞辨析。分析四個選項，結(jié)合上下文，可以得知，這件禮物對我是多么重要，所以此處表達我將不會忘記這件事情，故選擇C。 27. 答案：D。本題考查短語辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，首先排除B、C，think highly of sb的意思是“對評價很高”。此處根據(jù)作者的前面的心態(tài)，選擇enough，表示有人關(guān)心自己。

30、 28. 答案：B。本題考查形容詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，提到是new house，肯定選擇first，西方人對于圣誕節(jié)很重視，是一家人團圓的日子，所以此時表達重要性，作者想讓自己在新家過的第一個圣誕節(jié)有意義。選擇B。 29. 答案：B。本題考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)四個選項的意思，聯(lián)系上下文，可了解當(dāng)時作者那種激動的心情，所以應(yīng)該是很快就想到了那件讓她難忘的事情；故選擇B。 30. 答案：C。本題考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段中描述那次圣誕節(jié)禮物給我的感慨，和作者此刻的心情，她認為送圣誕節(jié)禮物的給自己以及給得到的孩子們的重要性。 31. 答案：C。本題考查動詞短語辨析。從上一段的可以推斷，是我提出了（came

31、up with）了一個讓四十個人來我公司幫忙的計劃。 32. 答案：D。本題考查不定代詞辨析。根據(jù)作者的想法，應(yīng)該是每個人都有自己的圣誕節(jié)禮物，所以選擇每個人（each）。 33. 答案：B 。本題考查形容詞辨析。每個人都有屬于自己的禮物，而且不是固定的，所以作者的意思是給孩子們啟示：每個人都是獨一無二的。 34. 答案：A。本題考查動詞辨析。從下文的“One, two, three. Open your presents!”可知，此時在分發(fā)禮物時，我提醒每個人開始不要打開禮物。 35. 答案：B。本題考查連詞辨析。同34題，此時選擇until，直到每個人都拿到禮物。 36. 答案：C。本題考

32、查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的意思，此處表達大家等待的拆禮物的時刻到來了，故選擇moment。 37. 答案：A。本題考查動詞辨析。分析四個選項的意思，根據(jù)文章的上下文：他們燦爛的笑容照亮了整個房間，所以選擇light的過去式lit。 38. 答案：D。本題考查名詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，分析四個選項的意思，此處是表達歡樂，故選擇D。 39. 答案：A。本題考查代詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，歡樂不僅僅是因為玩具。所以選擇it，指代歡樂。 40. 答案：D 。本題考查介詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文，此處表示：我從很久以前的那次圣誕節(jié)上獲得的感覺再次感受到了。故選擇from。二、完型填空解題技巧（一）1. 利用文章首句信息解題完

33、形填空首先考查考生對文章的理解能力。因此在做完形填空時，應(yīng)把它作為一個意思連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整的語篇。完形填空首句甚至前幾句話往往是完整的，為考生提供足夠的信息去了解文章的思路，而且它提供的信息可以幫助考生判斷全文大意甚至全文主題。掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，通過上下文確定文章所要前進的方向。【例】The term home schooling means educating children at home or in places other than a normal setting such as a public or private school. There are many r

34、easons why parents choose home schooling for their children. Some parents . Still other parents choose this type of 48 for religious reasons.（2006年上海春考）48.A.activity B.education C.behavior D.belief【解析】通過選文的首句我們就不難推斷：選文講的是與家庭教育（home schooling）有關(guān)的問題。home schooling 涵義是什么？人們?yōu)槭裁匆x擇home schooling？這正是后面文章要

35、講的。而隨后命題者所給第一個空格正是圍繞home schooling來設(shè)置的，考生只要把握好了文章首句就可以輕松地選擇B（education）。 例：07年高考題 The books in Davids schoolbag felt like bricks as he ran down the street. What he wanted to do was to play basketball with Eric, 21 his mother told him he would have to return his sisters books to the library first. 21

36、.A.but B.because C.or D.since答案： A 09年高考題The trip to that city was eye-opening for everyone, and near its end, all the young people in our group began to reflect on what it had meant. We 21 the first night we had arrived. 21. A. put up with B. got back to C. looked back on D. made up for 答案： C2. 利用邏

37、輯關(guān)系解題完形填空中的每一個空格并非孤立存在的，命題者必須通過上下文給出某種線索來保證空格所填答案的唯一性，而這一線索即是上下文乃至全文的邏輯關(guān)系。文章的邏輯關(guān)系有列舉、因果、讓步、對照、遞進、目的、條件等，命題者往往借助連詞或介詞短語來設(shè)置選項。因此，在平時學(xué)習(xí)時就應(yīng)該熟練掌握相關(guān)連詞及介詞短語所表示的邏輯關(guān)系?！纠緼re your table manners much better when you are eating at a friends home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home？Probably so, 45

38、you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.（2005年上海高考）45.A.because B.but C.unless D.though【解析】你在朋友家或餐館的用餐禮儀比在自己家里時要好，是因為你知道人們會據(jù)此來評判一個人的文明程度。不難判斷you are aware that people judge you by your table manners是前文的理由，兩句是因果關(guān)系，故用連詞because?！纠緼s a French graduate who has taught for more than twen

39、ty-five years, I believe I have some idea of why the failure is so total. 55 the faults already found out in the education system as a wholesuch as child-centered learning, the“discovery” method, and the low expectations by teachers of pupilsthere have been several serious errors which have a direct

40、 effect on language teaching.（2007年上海高考）55.A.Due to B.In addition to C.Instead of D.In spite of【解析】四個選項分別解釋為“由于”“除外”“代替”“盡管”。理解上下文語境可知其邏輯關(guān)系是列舉或補充關(guān)系，故選B。該段主旨是：語言教學(xué)失敗除了自身原因外，還有其他諸因素的直接影響。下文破折號后的there have been several.為判斷其邏輯關(guān)系提供了線索?！纠?Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason

41、why astronauts on solo（單獨的）space flight were given plenty of work to keep them 45（busy）. They were also in constant communication with people on the earth. 46 , being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone.（2007年上海高考）46.A.So far B.After all C.However D.Theref

42、ore【解析】四個選項意思分別為“到目前為止”“畢竟”“然而”“因此”。前面三句話的意思是講太空之旅的孤獨感讓人恐懼，所以宇航員作業(yè)時忙于大量工作因而其忘卻孤獨；最后一句話的意思是和你始終不能擺脫的人呆在一起比孤獨帶來的恐懼有過之而無不及（even harder than being alone）。因此選C（However），表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。07年高考題He had 22 set foot in a library and he wasnt about to do so today. He would just 23 the books in the outside return box. Bu

43、t there was a 24 ；it was locked.He went into the building, only a few minutes 25 closing time. He put the books into the return box. And after a brief 26 in the toilet, he would be on his way to the playground to 27 Eric.22.A.ever B.nearly C.never D.often23.A.pass B.drop C.carry D.take24.A.problem B

44、.mistake C.case D.question25.A.during B.after C.over D.before26.A.rest B.break C.walk D.stop27.A.visit B.meet C.catch D.greet答案： 22-27 C B A D D BHe was surprised to discover that this place was not so unpleasant, 37 . Rows and rows of shelves held books, videos and music. He saw a book about Michae

45、l Jordan and took it off the shelf. He settled into a chair and started to 38 .37.A.at most B.after all C.in short D.as usual38.A.watch B.paly C.read D.write答案： 37.B 38.C 08年高考題I dont remember my father ever getting into a swimming tool. But he did 22 the water. Any kind of 23 ride seemed to give hi

46、m pleasure. 24 he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along. 22. A. avoid B. refuse C. praise D. love23. A. boat B. bus C. train D. bike24. A. But B. Then C. And D. Still答案： D A C09年高考題The poverty(貧困) was _27_ than anything my young companions had ever imagined. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness

47、settled over the group. 27. A. stronger B. deeper C.worse D. less 答案： 27 C Based on my _34_ in poverty-stricken areas, I suggested that _35_ the emotions we had were painful, they could also be important in helping us to move forward. We all _36_ that we had seen things that should never be allowed

48、to happen. _37_, what could we do about it? Together, we began to brainstorm ways we could help to case the _38_ we had seen.34. A. experiences B. schedules C. data D. position 35. A. once B. while C.since D. unless 36. A. supposed B. advised C. confirmed D. agreed 37. A. Surely B. Rather C. Now D.

49、Indeed 38. A. burden B. suffering C.anxiety D. difficulty 答案：34-38 A B D C B10高考題Just when I started to 23 that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women 24 at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of 25 that I would no longer have to be emba

50、rrassed when I returned to school. 23. A. doubt B. hope C. suggest D. accept 24. A. broke in B. settled down C. turned up D. showed off 25. A. relief B. loss C. achievement D. justice 答案： D C A11年高考題Music has always been a great love of mine and ,in my 20s,when my 21 was move manageable ,I 22 ten ye

51、ars as a professional singer in restaurant .playing and singing falk songs. 23 that was years ago and times have changed . 24 I live with my mother on a country farm .21.A. loneliness B. sadness C. tiredness D. sickness22.A. set B. enjoyed C. kept D. shared23.A. Gladly B. Eventually C. Unfortunately

52、 D. Surprisingly24.A. Now B. Then C. Some time D. Meanwhile答案：D B C A3. 利用排比結(jié)構(gòu)解題“排比結(jié)構(gòu)”指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)、語法一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。命題者常從排比結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其表現(xiàn)意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點來設(shè)空?！纠縈any people now think that teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is 51 for children to work at home in their free time. 52 , they argue that most teachers do not 53 plan the homework tasks they give to pupils.（2003年上海春考）51.A.unnecessary B.uninteresting