第3章點(diǎn)缺陷、位錯的基本類型和特征_材料科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)

1、第第三三章章晶晶體體缺缺陷陷第第三三章章晶晶體體缺缺陷陷第第三三章章晶晶體體缺缺陷陷第第三三章章晶晶體體缺缺陷陷第第三三章章晶晶體體缺缺陷陷第第三三章章晶晶體體缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷(f)3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷（a）弗侖克爾缺陷的形成）弗侖克爾缺陷的形成（空位與間隙質(zhì)點(diǎn)成對出現(xiàn)）（空位與間隙質(zhì)點(diǎn)成對出現(xiàn)）（b）單質(zhì)中的肖特基缺陷的）單質(zhì)中的肖特基缺陷的形成形成3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷3.1點(diǎn)點(diǎn)缺缺陷陷第第三三章章晶晶體體缺缺陷陷3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2

2、位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯 圖3-8 柏氏回路與柏氏矢量的確定3.2位位錯錯lpositivenegativebblright-handedleft-handedbbEdge dislocationsScrew dislocations3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯b1b3b23.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯100( )22xyzbbyuuutgx000yxzxyzdudududxdydz12()0yxxyuuyxz22z2 ()xxzuub yxxy z22z2

3、()yyzuub xyxy0zyx)yxx(2Gb)yxy(2Gb022yz22xzxy3.2位位錯錯22222x)y(x)yy(3x)2(Gb22222)()()1 (2yxyxyGby)(zyx22222)()()1 (2yxyxxGbxy0zzyx3.2位位錯錯0zyxrGbxGbxy)1 (2)1 (22)1 (2GGrbs3.2位位錯錯bxlWxyed)d(dlGbrRGlbbxxblGbxlWRrxye22b0)ln()1 (4dd1)1 (2d)d(o 3.2位位錯錯2ddGblWTe3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯rbGz12rbGbbfzx22123.2位位錯錯z1b2b1yxr

4、O22222221212,)()()1 (2dxdxxbGbbffxyxs2222221212,)()3()1 (2yxyxybGbbffxycdO12xyFxFy1b2b3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯miinjjbb11miinjjbb12123.2位位錯錯)21, 0 ,21(A)21,21, 0(B)0 ,21,21(C)0 , 0 , 0(D3.2位位錯錯110211126111261111311016111021112611126111131101613.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯11121b1113111121111613.2位位錯錯0211310110313.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯3.2位位錯錯第第三三章章晶晶體體缺缺陷陷3.3表表面面及及界界面面3.3表表面面及及界界面面3.3表表面面及及界界面面3.3表表面面及及界界面面3.3表表面面及及界界面面3.3表表面面及及界界面面3.3表表面面及及界界面面3.3表表