被動+定語從句+U9重點

1、被動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)：1.四種基本被動語態(tài)四種基本被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)： am / is / are + doneBasketball is enjoyed by us.一般過去時被動語態(tài)：一般過去時被動語態(tài)： was / were + donePotato chips were invented by mistake.一般將來時一般將來時: will/shall + be + done is/are going to be doneThe meeting will be put off .情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ be +動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞(can, may, m

2、ust, should)Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 時態(tài)體現(xiàn)在時態(tài)體現(xiàn)在be動詞上，過去分詞是不變動詞上，過去分詞是不變的。的。 2.被動語態(tài)幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1）make/see/hear/watch/notice/ sb do改成改成被動語態(tài)后必須帶被動語態(tài)后必須帶toI watched him play football yesterday.He was watched to play football yesterday.His mother makes him study every

3、day.He is made to study every day by hismother.2）動詞短語后的動詞短語后的介詞介詞不能省略不能省略O(shè)ld people should be taken good care of.Paper is used to write on.3).沒有被動語態(tài)沒有被動語態(tài)動詞動詞sth happen to sb 某事發(fā)生在某人身上某事發(fā)生在某人身上sth take place 某事發(fā)生某事發(fā)生belong to 屬于屬于come out 出版出版,發(fā)行發(fā)行,開放開放break out 爆發(fā)爆發(fā) break down 出故障出故障,停止運停止運轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)remain

4、 留下留下,剩余剩余,被遺留被遺留His book came out.An accident happened to her.Great changes have taken place here.系動詞系動詞（feel, look, smell, taste, sound)摸摸/看看/聞聞/嘗嘗/聽起來聽起來The cloth feels very soft. The idea sounds good.主動式表被動主動式表被動write, sell, wash, read, clean, wear, lock, cook, eat, drink +adv The book sells wel

5、l. 用主動表被動用主動表被動區(qū)別區(qū)別sell out 賣光賣光 The books are sold out.4).need兩種表達兩種表達The flowers need watering.The flowers need to be watered.5)have/get sth done 使使sth被做被做have hair cuthave the tooth pulled outget the ears piercedhave the car repaired剪發(fā)剪發(fā)拔牙拔牙打耳洞打耳洞修車修車Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to. 我喜歡能隨

6、之起舞的音樂。1. prefer= like better 更喜歡更喜歡prefer preferring, preferred1).prefer sth 更喜歡更喜歡 I prefer apples.2). prefer sth to sth 和和相比更喜歡相比更喜歡 和香蕉相比我更喜歡蘋果。和香蕉相比我更喜歡蘋果。 I prefer apples to bananas.3).prefer to do sth prefer doing sth 更喜歡做更喜歡做;寧愿做寧愿做I prefer to stay at home.I prefer staying at home. 4). prefe

7、r doing sth to doing sth和做和做 相比更喜歡做相比更喜歡做 = prefer to do sth rather than do sth 寧愿做寧愿做 而不愿做而不愿做 = would rather do sth than do sth 寧愿做寧愿做 而不愿做而不愿做 他寧愿呆在家里他寧愿呆在家里 也不愿出去。也不愿出去。He prefers staying at home to going out. He prefers to stay at home rather than go out. He would rather stay at home than go ou

8、t. 5).prefer not to do sth 更喜歡不做更喜歡不做 名詞或代詞名詞或代詞I like music that I can sing along with.I love singers who write their own music.定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)： +2).關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 一般情況下一般情況下先行詞先行詞是是人人時時,關(guān)系代詞用關(guān)系代詞用that /who whom(在從句中只做賓語在從句中只做賓語)先行詞先行詞是是物物時時,關(guān)系代詞用關(guān)系代詞用that/which當當先行詞先行詞包括包括人和物人和物,關(guān)系詞只能用關(guān)系詞只能用that2.定語從句定語從句先行

9、詞關(guān)系詞定語從句先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句先行詞關(guān)系詞+定語從句The man that /who wears glasses is my uncle.先行詞是人先行詞是人I like music that/which isnt loud.先行詞是物先行詞是物They talked about the things and persons that they remembered. 先行詞是人和物先行詞是人和物The girl that/who/whom you saw just now comes from Australia. 先行詞是人先行詞是人Jim is the boy for whom

10、you are looking. 先行詞是人先行詞是人(介詞后介詞后,關(guān)系詞指代人做賓語只能用關(guān)系詞指代人做賓語只能用whom)定語從句中定語從句中謂語動詞謂語動詞的單復數(shù)的單復數(shù)與先行詞保持一致與先行詞保持一致5).who/that /which在從句中可擔任主語在從句中可擔任主語或賓語或賓語; whom(在從句中只做賓語在從句中只做賓語)The scientist we will visit is famous. The girl that /who/whom賓語賓語 you talked about last night cant see anything. 6). 先行詞先行詞指物時指

11、物時只能用只能用that而不能用而不能用which 的幾種常見情況：的幾種常見情況：先行詞為先行詞為all, much, none, little, fewanything, everything, nothing, something 等等不定代詞不定代詞時。時。如：如：There is nothing that can stop him from doing it. 先行詞前有先行詞前有the very, the only, the same,the last, the next, the one等修飾時。如：等修飾時。如：This is the very pen (that) you b

12、ought yesterday. 這正是你昨天買的筆。這正是你昨天買的筆。 The only thing that they can do is to wait. 先行詞前先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或最高級有序數(shù)詞或最高級等修飾時。如：等修飾時。如：This is the second computer that father has just bought. This is the most interesting film that was shown last week. 當先行詞當先行詞既有人，又有物既有人，又有物時。如：時。如： Sally is talking about the write

13、r and his book that she likes. 7)當先行詞指物時當先行詞指物時，只能用只能用which而不能用而不能用that的場合的場合1. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時。如：。如：This is the house in which Tom once lived. 2. 在非限定性定語從句在非限定性定語從句(即通常用逗號與主句隔開，如果去掉逗號，即通常用逗號與主句隔開，如果去掉逗號，整個句子仍能表達完整的意義的定語從句整個句子仍能表達完整的意義的定語從句)中。中。They are talking about the TV play, which they saw l

14、ast night. 他們正在談?wù)撟蛲砜吹碾娨晞?。他們正在談?wù)撟蛲砜吹碾娨晞　?8).Who,that在指人可以通用，在指人可以通用，但下列但下列宜用宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行詞是先行詞是anyone, someone, those時，時，關(guān)系詞使用關(guān)系詞使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall must be on time. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在在there be 句型中，先行詞指人句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞用用who There is an old ma

15、n who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.拓展部分拓展部分,盡力而為盡力而為9).在定語從句中：在定語從句中：one of +名詞復數(shù)作主語時名詞復數(shù)作主語時,從句謂語動詞用從句謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式復數(shù)形式；the (only, very, right) one of+名詞復數(shù)作主語時名詞復數(shù)作主語時,從句謂語動詞用從句謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式單數(shù)形式He is one of the boys who were saved.He is the only one of the boys who was sav

16、ed.區(qū)別：在非定語從句中區(qū)別：在非定語從句中 one of +名詞復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+謂語單數(shù)謂語單數(shù)One of the boys becomes a famous singer.One of them is very cute.I love music that I can dance to.4.have great lyricswrite ones own music 自己作曲自己作曲, 10.cant stand sth/ doing sth 12.feel like doing想要做想要做-=want to do=would like to doI feel like doing som

17、e shopping today.13. stick-stuck-stuck 粘帖；將粘帖；將刺入刺入 stick to堅持，固守堅持，固守,粘附在粘附在上；緊隨上；緊隨 stick to doing stick to it / one kind of movie14.be down感到沮喪感到沮喪/悲哀悲哀 look down看起來沮喪看起來沮喪/悲哀悲哀15.plenty of+可數(shù)可數(shù)/不可數(shù)不可數(shù) 大量大量,充足充足plenty of strawberriesplenty of rain/milk16.shut off關(guān)閉關(guān)閉,停止運轉(zhuǎn)停止運轉(zhuǎn)=turn off 關(guān)關(guān)(水水,電器電器)

18、 shut-shut-shut shut the door/window=close the door/17.once in a while偶爾，間或偶爾，間或18.depend on依靠，取決于依靠，取決于depend on you / the weatherdepend on how I feel that day19.cheer me up使我高興起來使我高興起來cheer the boy up=cheer up the boy20.try ones best to do/try to do盡力做盡力做21.solve the problem解決問題解決問題22.after watchi

19、ng them在觀看他們之后在觀看他們之后 without doing sth before doing sth23.much better好得多好得多 even sadder甚至更難過甚至更難過24.less serious沒那么嚴重沒那么嚴重 nothing serious不嚴重不嚴重25.provide sb with sth給某人提供什么給某人提供什么 provide sth for sboffer sth to sb offer to do sth主動提出做主動提出做26.enjoy watching喜歡觀看喜歡觀看an exciting superhero一個令人興奮的超級英雄一個

20、令人興奮的超級英雄 superheroes27.in time及時及時28.be afraid of sth./doing sth害怕害怕be afraid to do sth be afraid that+句子句子I am afraid so. 恐怕如此?？峙氯绱恕 am afraid not. 恐怕不能恐怕不能/恐怕不行。恐怕不行。29.tooto太太以至于不能以至于不能Im too scared to watch them alone.30.scary (事物事物) 嚇人的嚇人的,可怕的可怕的 scared (人人)害怕的害怕的,嚇壞的嚇壞的The movie is scary. We

21、 feel scared.31.alone adj.獨自的獨自的,單獨的單獨的 be aloneadv.獨自的獨自的,單獨的單獨的 V.+alone watchalonelive alone / stay at home alonelonely adj. 孤獨的，寂寞的；荒涼的孤獨的，寂寞的；荒涼的feel lonely be lonely a lonely village/island32.not-anymore不再不再-;再也不再也不33.action movies 動作片動作片 cartoons卡通片卡通片documentary-documentaries紀錄片紀錄片 dramas 戲劇

22、戲劇 thrillers (scary movies)恐怖片恐怖片comedy-comedies喜劇片喜劇片 tragedy-tragedies悲劇片悲劇片34.intelligent adj.有才智的，聰明的有才智的，聰明的 intelligence n. 智力，聰明，智慧智力，聰明，智慧I like friends who are intelligent.35.Some of the singers dont sing the words clearly.一些歌手一些歌手 吐詞不清晰。吐詞不清晰。some of +可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞 中的中的一些一些Some of th

23、e boys sing English songs.Some of the milk goes bad.sing the words clearly 動副搭配 ：類似：sing songs well , speak French wellone of+(adj最高級最高級)+n復數(shù)復數(shù)+謂語動詞單數(shù)謂語動詞單數(shù) 之一之一He is one of the tallest students in our class.One of us likes basketball.36. suppose推斷推斷,料想料想,猜想猜想I suppose (that) I will listen to this CD.37.Au