可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的講解和練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上博科第五次培訓(xùn)姓名： 時(shí)間： 家長簽名：可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞英語中的名詞指的是一種抽象的或者具體的事物，它有可數(shù)和不可數(shù)之分。所謂可數(shù)名詞指的就是在數(shù)量上可以計(jì)數(shù)，可以數(shù)出數(shù)量的事物；所謂不可數(shù)名詞是指不能以數(shù)目來計(jì)算，不可以分成個(gè)體的概念、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情或表示物質(zhì)材料的東西?？蓴?shù)名詞在他之前可以加上冠詞a/an。而不可數(shù)名詞前面是不可以直接家冠詞的?？蓴?shù)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式有如下變化規(guī)律：a一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；讀音：清輔音后讀s，濁輔音和 元音后讀z。b以s. x. sh. c

2、h結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ；讀音：iz。c以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ；讀音：z。d以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；讀音：z。e以“o”結(jié)尾的詞，分兩種情況1）有生命的+es 讀音：z 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) 無生命的+s 讀音：z 如：photo-

3、photos radio-radiosf. 不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people。除此之外，還有一部分名詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形，如：fish魚，deer鹿，sheep綿羊，works（工廠），means手段，Swiss瑞士人，Chinese中國人，news 新聞，goods 商品有一些名詞則只有復(fù)數(shù)形式：

4、trousers褲子，pants褲子，shorts短褲 glasses眼鏡，compasses圓規(guī)，scales天平，pliers鉗子，clips剪子 “某國人”的復(fù)數(shù)有三種類型： （1）Chinese, Japanese, Swiss 三國人單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)同形，不需加s； （2）Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman復(fù)數(shù)要把 man 變?yōu)閙en； （3）其他各國人以an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如：Americans, Australians, Indians等。 可依照這個(gè)口訣記憶：中日不變，英法變，其他”s”加后面。不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，只有單數(shù)形式，它的前面

5、不能用不定冠詞a / an ，若要表示它的個(gè)體意義時(shí)，一般需要將其量化。不可數(shù)名詞如何量化：就是在不可數(shù)名詞前面加上“數(shù)詞+量詞+of”，比如：a piece of bread（ paper(紙), cloth(布), coal(煤), news(新聞), advice(意見), information(信息), , meat(肉) ）an item of information 一則情報(bào) a slip of paper 一張紙條a length of cloth 一段布料 a cake of soap 一塊肥皂 a tube of tooth-paste 一條牙膏 a bottle of i

6、nk 一瓶墨水 等。當(dāng)量詞可數(shù)，且前面的數(shù)詞大于一時(shí)，量詞需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如two bottles of water 兩瓶水 two pieces of paper 兩張紙 等；同時(shí)，可數(shù)名詞也有相應(yīng)用法，如：a box of apples 一箱蘋果 six boxes of apples 六箱蘋果 等。最常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：advice, baggage, change(零錢), furniture（家具）, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage（行李）, money, news, progress, traffic其它不可數(shù)名詞還有

7、：absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade,

8、transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, world等。上面提到的可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞并不是一成不變的。英文中的很多詞都是一詞多義，名詞也不例外，同是一個(gè)詞在一種情況下是可數(shù)名詞，而在另一種場合卻是不可數(shù)名詞，如：可數(shù)名詞: a tin 一只罐頭 a relation 親屬 an iron 一把熨斗 a democracy民主國家 a glass 一只玻璃杯 a beauty美人，美的東西 A wood 一片樹林 a power不可數(shù)名詞: tin 錫 relation 關(guān)系 Iron 鐵 dem

9、ocracy民主 glass 玻璃 beauty 美 Wood 木頭 power威力，電力。我們討論名詞的落腳點(diǎn)在,當(dāng)名詞充當(dāng)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞在人稱、數(shù)等方面必須與其保持一致-即"主謂一致性"的問題?？蓴?shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞練習(xí)題一、 寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20

10、、knife 22、sheep 二、選擇填空 1. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans2. The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread3. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes

11、of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples4. There some in the river. A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish5.The _ meeting room is near the reading room. A. teacher B.teachers C.teachers D.teachers6. In Britain _ are all painted red. A. letter boxes B.letters boxes C. letter b

12、ox D.letters box7.There are_ birds in that big tree. A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of C. five hundred of D. hundred of8. I want to buy _. A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks 9.They dont have to do _ today. A. much homework B. many homeworks C. ma

13、ny homework D. much homeworks 10. There are three _ and seven _ in the picture. A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps 11. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are 12. Id like to have a glass of milk and _. A. two breads B. two pieces of b

14、reads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 13. He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe Few, a few, little, a little專項(xiàng)練習(xí)( ) 1. This is a very old song, so _ young people know it. a. few b. little c. a few d. a little( ) 2 . There arent

15、many oranges here, but you can take _ if you want to.a. few b. a few c. a little d. little( ) 3. Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us _ time to go to Pudong International Airport. a. a few b. fewer c. a little d. less( ) 4.There is _ ink in my pen. Would you give me

16、_? a. little/ a little b. a little/ little c. few/ a few d. a few/ few( ) 5.Mr Smith is quite busy today. He has _ meetings to attend. a. little b. a little c. few d. a few( ) 6. Im sorry. The room is _ small to hold so many people. Would you please wait outside? a. so b. such c. very d. too( ) 7. D

17、anny is _ that he wants to go to the fitness camp this summer holiday. a. such fat b. so a fat boy c. such a fat boy d. so fat boy( ) 8. How can you make a trip with so _ money? a. few b. a few c. little . a little( ) 9. There is _ milk in the fridge, so we ll go to the supermarket and buy some. a.

18、little b. a little c. few d. a few( ) 10.The house has _ many rooms that it was hard to find a way out. a. such b. so c. very d. too( ) 11.If you dont work _, youll fail in the exam. a. enough hard b. hardly enough c. hard enough d. enough hardly( ) 12.Im _ make a phone call to my friends. I have a lot of work to do. a. too busy to b. so busy that c, so busy to d. too busy that( ) 13. There are only _ students in the classroom. Where are the others. a. a few b.