生物化學(xué)與分子生物學(xué)名詞中英文對照表

1、分子生物學(xué)adenine(A)腺嘌呤base堿基guanine(G)鳥嘌呤nudeotide核苷酸cytosine(C)胞嘧啶nucleoside核苷uracil(U)尿嘧啶thymine(T)胸腺嘧啶base pair堿基對phosphodiester linkage磷酸二酯鍵nucleosome核小體ribosome核糖體ribosomal RNA(rRNA)核糖體RNAtransfer RNA(tRNA)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)RNAmessenger RNA(mRNA)信使RNAnuclease核酸酶salvage pathway補(bǔ)救合成de novo synthesis從頭合成uric acid尿酸in

2、osine肌苷the central dogma中心法則semiconservative replication半保留復(fù)制DNA dependent DNA polymerase依賴DNA的DNA聚合酶mitochondria DNA線粒體DNAexonuclease核酸外切酶incorporation摻入helicase解螺旋酶DNA topoisomeraseDNA拓?fù)洚悩?gòu)酶single stranded DNA binding protein單鏈DNA結(jié)合蛋白gyrase旋轉(zhuǎn)酶primosome引發(fā)體primase引物酶DNA ligaseDNA連接酶origin 起始點(diǎn)bidirect

3、ional replication雙向復(fù)制replicon復(fù)制子leading strand領(lǐng)頭鏈lagging strand隨從鏈Okazaki fragment岡崎片段rolling circle replication滾環(huán)復(fù)制telomerase端粒酶mutation突變dimer二聚體mismatch錯配excission repairing切除修復(fù)recombination repairing重組修復(fù)reverse transcriptase逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶integration整合ribozyme核酶DNA dependent RNA polymerase依賴DNA的RNA聚合酶codin

4、g strand編碼鏈template strand模板鏈core enzyme核心酶holoenzyme全酶operon操縱子promoter啟動子Pribnow boxPribnow盒transacting factor反式作用因子transcriptional factor轉(zhuǎn)錄因子stern loop莖環(huán)hairpin發(fā)夾primary transcripts初級轉(zhuǎn)錄產(chǎn)物post-transcriptional modification轉(zhuǎn)錄后修飾hetero-nuclear RNA hnRNAsmall nuclear RNAsnRNAsplit gene斷裂基因exon外顯子intro

5、n內(nèi)含子self splicing自我剪接translation翻譯codon密碼子initiation codon起始密碼termination codon終止密碼code密碼ribozyme cycle核糖體循環(huán)adaptor轉(zhuǎn)換器post-translational processing翻譯后加工interferon干擾素antibiotics抗生素anticodon反密碼子releasing factor釋放因子wobble pairing搖擺配對degeneracy簡并性signal peptide信號肽secretory protein分泌性蛋白質(zhì)elongation factor

6、延長因子streptomycin鏈霉素tetracycline四環(huán)素chloromycetin氯霉素puromycin嘌呤霉素cycloheximide防線菌酮promoter啟動子lac operon乳糖操縱子temporal specificity時間特異性spatial specificity空間特異性housekeeping gene管家基因constitutive expression組成性基因表達(dá)induction誘導(dǎo)repression阻遏operator操縱序列cis-acting element順式作用元件trans-acting factor反式作用因子repressor阻

7、遏物activator激活物catabolite gene activation proteinCAP分解代謝物基因激活蛋白attenuation轉(zhuǎn)錄衰減attenuator衰減子enhance增強(qiáng)子general transcription factor基本轉(zhuǎn)錄因子zinc finger鋅指transformation轉(zhuǎn)化transfection轉(zhuǎn)染transduction轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)transposition轉(zhuǎn)座transposon轉(zhuǎn)座子recombination重組homologous recombination同源重組clone克隆cloning克隆化copy拷貝genetic enginee

8、ring基因工程restriction endonulease限制性內(nèi)切酶cloning rector基因載體plasmid質(zhì)粒complementary DNA，cDNA互補(bǔ)DNAmolecular medicine分子醫(yī)學(xué)gene therapy基因治療genomic DNA library基因組DNA文庫signal transduction信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)hormone激素receptor受體secondary messenger第二信使ligand配體guanylate binding protein鳥苷酸結(jié)合蛋白(G蛋白)adenylate cyclase腺苷酸環(huán)化酶protein kin

9、ase A蛋白激酶AcAMP response element，CREcAMP應(yīng)答元件protein kinase C蛋白激酶Ccalmoduline，CaM鈣調(diào)蛋白tyrosine-protein kinase，TPK酪氨酸蛋白激酶autophosphorylation自身磷酸化protein phosphatase蛋白磷酸酶cross talk交聯(lián)對話生物化學(xué)1章random coil無規(guī)卷曲threonine蘇氨酸motif模體valine纈氨酸zinc finger鋅指結(jié)構(gòu)leucine亮氨酸chaperon分子伴侶lysine賴氨酸t(yī)ertiary structure三級結(jié)構(gòu)phen

10、ylalanine苯丙氨酸domain結(jié)構(gòu)域methionine蛋氨酸fibronectin纖連蛋白histine組氨酸quaternary structure四級結(jié)構(gòu)arginine精氨酸subunit亞基tyrosine酪氨酸myoglobin肌紅蛋白cysteine半胱氨酸hemoglobin(Hb)血紅蛋白alanine丙氨酸allosteric effect變構(gòu)效應(yīng)glycine甘氨酸denaturation變性serine絲氨酸renaturation復(fù)性aspartic acid天冬氨酸protein coagulation蛋白質(zhì)凝固asparagine天冬酰胺ninhydrin

11、 reaction茚三酮反應(yīng)glutamic acid谷氨酸biuret reaction雙縮脲反應(yīng)glutamine谷氨酰胺salt precipitation鹽析isoelectric point等電點(diǎn)electrophoresis電泳peptide bond肽鍵dialysis透析glutathione(GSH)谷胱甘肽chromatography層析neuropeptide神經(jīng)肽gel filtration凝膠過濾conformation空間構(gòu)象ultracentrifugation超速離心amino acid sequence氨基酸序列sedimentation coefficien

12、t(S)沉降系數(shù)2章purine嘌呤deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)脫氧核糖核酸pyrimidine嘧啶ribonucleic acid(RNA)核糖核酸adenine(A)腺嘌呤guanine(G)鳥嘌呤nudeotide核苷酸cytosine(C)胞嘧啶nucleoside核苷uracil(U)尿嘧啶thymine(T)胸腺嘧啶phosphodiester linkage磷酸二酯鍵nucleosome核小體ribosome核糖體hybridization雜交genetic code遺傳密碼double helix雙螺旋supercoil超螺旋probe探針ribosom

13、al RNA(rRNA)核糖體RNAtransfer RNA(tRNA)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)RNAmessenger RNA(mRNA)信使RNA3章biocatalyst生物催化劑proximity effect鄰近效應(yīng)enzyme酶orientation arrange定向排列substrate底物multielement catalysis多元催化monomeric enzyme單體酶surface effect表面效應(yīng)oligomeric enzyme寡聚酶rectangular hyperbola矩形雙曲線Multienzyme system多酶體系Michaelis equation米氏方程式mu

14、ltifunctional enzyme多功能酶Michaelis constant(Km)米氏常數(shù)tandem enzyme串聯(lián)酶maximum velocity(Vmax)最大反應(yīng)速度simple enzyme單純酶mover number轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)conjugated enzyme結(jié)合酶double reciprocal plot雙倒數(shù)作圖法apoenzyme酶蛋白o(hù)ptimum temperature最適溫度cofactor輔助因子optimum pH最適pHholoenzyme全酶inhibitor抑制劑metalloenzyme金屬酶irreversible inhibition不可逆

15、性抑制metal activated enzyme金屬激活酶reversible inhibition可逆性抑制coenzyme輔酶competitive inhibition競爭性抑制prosthetic group輔基non-competitive inhibition非競爭性抑制essential group必需基團(tuán)uncompetitive inhibition反競爭性抑制active center活性中心activator激活劑binding group結(jié)合基團(tuán)essential activator必需激活劑catalytic group催化基團(tuán)non-essential activ

16、ator非必需激活劑activation energy活化能katal(kat)催量(開特)specificity特異性zymogen酶原absolute specificity絕對特異性allosteric site變構(gòu)部位relative specificity相對特異性allosteric regulation變構(gòu)調(diào)節(jié)stereospecificity立體異構(gòu)特異性allosteric enzyme變構(gòu)酶induced-fit hypothesis誘導(dǎo)契合學(xué)說allosteric effector變構(gòu)效應(yīng)劑transition state過渡態(tài)allosteric activator變構(gòu)

17、激活劑oxidoreductase氧化還原酶allosteric inhibitor變構(gòu)抑制劑tmnsferase轉(zhuǎn)移酶covalent modification共價修飾hydrolase水解酶inducer誘導(dǎo)劑lyase裂解酶corepressor輔阻遏劑isomerase異構(gòu)酶lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)乳酸脫氫酶ligase合成酶creatine kinase(CK)肌酸激酶isoenzyme同工酶TaqDNA polymeraseTaqDNA聚合酶ribozyme(RNAenzyme)核酶immobilized enzyme固定化酶rate limiting

18、enzyme限速酶abzyme抗體酶enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)酶聯(lián)免疫吸附測定法4章starch淀粉glucose葡萄糖glycogen糖原-amylase-淀粉酶mactose麥芽糖lactate乳酸glucose transporter(GLUT)葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體glycolysis糖酵解pyruvate丙酮酸glycolytic pathway酵解途徑aldolase醛縮酶hexokinase己糖激酶phosphoglycerate mutase磷酸甘油酸激酶glucokinase葡萄糖激酶pyruvate kinase丙酮酸激酶eno

19、lase烯醇化酶fructose-2,6-biphosphate2,6-雙磷酸果糖isocitrate異檸檬酸aerobic oxidation有氧氧化tricarboxylic acid cycle三羧酸循環(huán)citrate檸檬酸citrate synthase檸檬酸合酶isocitrate dehydrogenase異檸檬酸脫氫酶-ketoglutatrate-酮戊二酸succinyl CoA琥珀酰CoAfutile cycle無效循環(huán)fumarate hydratase延胡索酸酶substrate cycle底物循環(huán)succinate dehydrogenase琥珀酸脫氫酶malate d

20、ehydrogense蘋果酸脫氫酶citrate lyase檸檬酸裂解酶Pastuer effect巴斯德效應(yīng)pentose phosphate pathway磷酸戊糖途徑lactonase 內(nèi)酯酶hexose phosphate shunt磷酸己糖旁路transketolase轉(zhuǎn)酮醇酶transaldolase轉(zhuǎn)醛醇酶biotransformation生物轉(zhuǎn)化glutathione谷胱甘肽glycogen synthase糖原合酶primer 糖原引物branching enzyme分支酶glycogenolysis糖原分解debranching enzyme脫支酶cascade syste

21、m級聯(lián)放大系統(tǒng)calmodulin 鈣調(diào)蛋白glycogen storage disease糖原累積癥gluconeogenesis糖異生gluconeogenic pathway糖異生途徑pyruvate carboxylase丙酮酸羧化酶insulin胰島素glucagon胰高血糖素glucosuria糖尿癥hyperglycemia高血糖hypoglycemia低血糖diabetes mellitus糖尿病glucose tolerance葡萄糖耐量(耐糖現(xiàn)象)glucose-6-phophatase葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶glycogen phosphorylase糖原磷酸化酶phospho

22、glycerate mutase磷酸甘油酸變位酶fructose biphosphatase-2果糖雙磷酸酶-2triose phosphate isomerase磷酸丙糖異構(gòu)酶phosphoenol pyruvate(PEP)磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸6-phosphofroctokinase-26-磷酸果糖激酶-2succinyl-CoA synthetase琥珀酰CoA合成酶glucose-6-phosphate(G-6-P)6-磷酸葡萄糖fructose-6-phosphate(F-6-P)6-磷酸果糖substrate level phsophorylation底物水平磷酸化作用Na+-dep

23、endent glucose transporter(SGLT)Na+依賴型葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體1,6-fructose-biphosphate(F-1,6-2P)1,6-雙磷酸果糖glyceraldehyde-3-phsophate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)3-磷酸甘油醛脫氫酶-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex-酮戊二酸脫氫酶復(fù)合體uridine diphosphate glucose(UDPG)尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖UDPG pyrophophosphorylaseUDPG焦磷酸化酶cAMP-dependent protein kinase依賴cA

24、MP的蛋白激酶5章Lipids脂類Lipase脂酶mixed micelles混和微團(tuán)cholesteryl esterase膽固醇脂酶colipase輔脂酶pancreatic lipase胰脂酶triglyceride甘油三酯fat脂肪fatty acid脂肪酸essential fatty acid營養(yǎng)必須脂肪酸non-essential fatty acid非營養(yǎng)必須脂肪酸arachidonic acid花生四烯酸linoleic acid亞油酸linolenic acid亞麻酸palmitic acid軟脂酸stearic acid硬脂酸oleic acid油酸unsaturated

25、 fatty acid不飽和脂肪酸free fatty acid游離脂肪酸monoglyceride pathway甘油一酯通路carnitine肉堿-oxidation-氧化ketone body酮體acetoacetate乙酰乙酸acetone丙酮-hydroxybutyrate-羥丁酸citrate-pyruvate cycle檸檬酸-丙酮酸循環(huán)acetyl CoA carboxylase乙酰CoA羧化酶leukotriene白三烯prostaglandin前列腺素thromboxane血栓噁烷phosphotipid磷脂phosphatidylcholine(PC)磷脂酰膽堿(卵磷脂)

26、phosphatidylethanolamine(PE)磷脂酰乙醇胺(腦磷脂)phospholipase磷脂酶phosphatidic acid(PA)磷脂酸phosphatidyl inositol肌醇磷脂cardiolipin心磷脂ceramideN-脂酰鞘氨醇，神經(jīng)酰氨sphingo lipid鞘脂sphingomyelin神經(jīng)鞘磷脂cholesterol膽固醇3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylCoA3-羥基-3-甲基戊二酸單酰CoAmevalonic acid(MVA)甲羥戊酸squalene鯊烯bile acid膽汁酸chylomicron(CM)乳糜微粒lipop

27、rotein脂蛋白apolipoprotein載脂蛋白very low density lipoprotein(VLDL)極低密度脂蛋白low density lipoprotein(LDL)低密度脂蛋白high density lipoprotein(HDL)高密度脂蛋白acylcholesterol acyl transferase(ACAT)脂酰-膽固醇脂酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶lecithin cholesterol aeyl transferase (LCAT)卵磷脂-膽固醇脂酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶lipoprotein lipase(LPL)脂蛋白脂酶hyperlipoproteinemia高脂蛋白血癥6章bi

28、ological oxidation生物氧化respiratory chain呼吸鏈electron transport chain電子傳遞鏈oxidative phosphorylation氧化磷酸化uncoupler解偶聯(lián)劑adenosine triphosphate腺嘌吟三核苷酸free energy自由能flavoprotein黃素蛋白energy rich phosphate bond高能磷酸鍵ubiquinone泛醌high energy compound高能化合物flavin mononucleotide(FMN)黃素單核苷酸iron-sulfur protein鐵硫蛋白chem

29、iosmotic hypothesis化學(xué)滲透學(xué)說cytochrome(Cyt)細(xì)胞色素reduction potential還原電位ATP synthaseATP合酶-glycerophosphate shuttle-磷酸甘油穿梭catalase過氧化氫酶malate-aspartate shuttle蘋果酸-天冬氨酸穿梭peroxidase過氧化物酶superoxide dismutase(SOD)超氧物歧化酶mixed-function oxidase混合功能氧化酶hydroxylase羥化酶flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)黃素腺嘌呤二核苷酸nicotin

30、amide adenine dinucleotide(NAD，coenzymel)尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(輔酶1)nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP，coenzyme)尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(輔酶)reduced nicotinamide adenine dinudeotide (NADH)還原型尼克酰胺腺嘌吟二核苷酸reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)還原型尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸7章nitrogen balance氮平衡nutrition

31、value營養(yǎng)價值essential amino acid營養(yǎng)必需氨基酸non-essential amino acid非營養(yǎng)必需氨基酸pepsin胃蛋白酶pepsinogen胃蛋白酶原autocatalysis自身激活作用casein酪蛋白endopeptidase內(nèi)肽酶exopeptidase外肽酶trypsin胰蛋白酶chymotrypsin糜蛋白酶elastase彈性蛋白酶carboxypeptidaseA羧基肽酶Aenterokinase腸激酶oligopeptidase寡肽酶aminopeptidase氨基肽酶dipeptidase二肽酶carrier protein載體蛋白-gl

32、utamyl cycle-谷氨?；h(huán)putrefaction腐敗作用amine胺octopamine-羥酪胺false neurotransmitter假神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)ammonia氨degradation降解half-life半壽期protease蛋白酶ubiquitin泛蛋白metabolic pool代謝庫aminotransferase氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶transaminase轉(zhuǎn)氨酶transamination轉(zhuǎn)氨基作用glutamic pyruvic transaminase谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶g1utamic oxaloacetic transaminase谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶L-glutamate dehydr

33、ogenaseL-谷氨酸脫氫酶purine nucleotide cycle嘌呤核甘酸循環(huán)-ketoacid-酮酸glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸alanine-glucose cycle丙氨酸-葡萄糖循環(huán)glutamine synthetase谷氨酰胺合成酶glutaminase谷氨酰胺酶asparaginase天冬酰胺酶ornithine cycle鳥氨酸循環(huán)urea cycle尿素循環(huán)N-acetyl glutamic acidN-乙

34、酰谷氨酸Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶Iornithine carbamoyl transferase鳥氨酸氨基甲酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶argininosuccinate synthetase精氨酸代琥珀酸合成酶argininosuccinase精氨酸代琥珀酸裂解酶decarboxylation脫羧作用decarboxylase脫羧酶amine oxidase胺氧化酶-aminobutyric acid(GABA)-氨基丁酸t(yī)aurine?；撬醥rinithine decarboxylase鳥氨酸脫羧酶one carbon unit一碳單位tetrahyd

35、rofolic acid四氫葉酸dihydrofolate reductase二氫葉酸還原酶S-adenosyl methionine(SAM)S-腺苷甲硫氨酸methyl transterase甲基轉(zhuǎn)移酶methylation甲基化homocysteine同型半胱氨酸methlonine cycle甲硫氨酸循環(huán)cystathionine synthase胱硫醚合酶creatine肌酸creatinine phosphate磷酸肌酸creatine kinase肌酸激酶creatinine肌酸酐3-phospho-adenosine-5-phosphosulfate(PAPS)3-磷酸腺苷-5

36、-磷酸硫酸phenylalanine hydroxylase苯丙氨酸羥化酶3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine(dopa)3,4二羥苯丙氨酸dopamine多巴胺Parkinsons disease帕金森氏病norepinephrine去甲腎上腺素epinephrine腎上腺素catecholamine兒茶酚胺melanin黑色素tyrosinase酪氨酸酶albinism白化病phenylketonuria(PUK)苯丙酮尿癥tryptophan oxygenase(pyrrolase)色氨酸加氧酶(吡咯酶)nuclease核酸酶salvage pathway補(bǔ)救合成de n

37、ovo synthesis從頭合成uric acid尿酸inosine肌苷9章metabolism regulation代謝調(diào)節(jié)regulatory enzyme調(diào)節(jié)酶key enzyme關(guān)鍵酶1imiting velocity enzymes限速酶allosteric regulation別構(gòu)調(diào)節(jié)allosteric enzyme別構(gòu)酶feedback inhibition反饋抑制covalent modification共價修飾chemical modification化學(xué)修飾protein kinase蛋白激酶protein phosphatase蛋白磷酸酶inducer誘導(dǎo)repres

38、sor阻遏proteosome蛋白酶體ubiquitin泛素cyclin細(xì)胞周期蛋白receptor受體homone response element激素反應(yīng)元件10章the central dogma中心法則semiconservative replication半保留復(fù)制DNA dependent DNA polymerase依賴DNA的DNA聚合酶template模板primer引物Klenow fragmentKlenow片段mitochondria DNA線粒體DNAexonuclease核酸外切酶incorporation摻入helicase解螺旋酶DNA topoisomeras

39、eDNA拓?fù)洚悩?gòu)酶single stranded DNA binding protein單鏈DNA結(jié)合蛋白gyrase旋轉(zhuǎn)酶primosome引發(fā)體primase引物酶DNA ligaseDNA連接酶origin 起始點(diǎn)bidirectional replication雙向復(fù)制replicon復(fù)制子leading strand領(lǐng)頭鏈lagging strand隨從鏈Okazaki fragment岡崎片段rolling circle replication滾環(huán)復(fù)制telomerase端粒酶mutation突變dimer二聚體mismatch錯配insertion插入rearrangement重

40、排frame-shift框移突變point mutation點(diǎn)突變deletion缺失1ight repairing光修復(fù)excission repairing切除修復(fù)recombination repairing重組修復(fù)reverse transcriptase逆轉(zhuǎn)錄酶integration整合ribozyme核酶11章DNA dependent RNA polymerase依賴DNA的RNA聚合酶coding strand編碼鏈template strand模板鏈core enzyme核心酶holoenzyme全酶operon操縱子promoter啟動子Pribnow boxPribnow

41、盒transacting factor反式作用因子transcriptional factor轉(zhuǎn)錄因子stern loop莖環(huán)hairpin發(fā)夾primary transcripts初級轉(zhuǎn)錄產(chǎn)物post-transcriptional modification轉(zhuǎn)錄后修飾hetero-nuclear RNA hnRNAsmall nuclear RNAsnRNAsplit gene斷裂基因exon外顯子intron內(nèi)含子self splicing自我剪接12章translation翻譯codon密碼子initiation codon起始密碼termination codon終止密碼code密碼r

42、ibozyme cycle核糖體循環(huán)adaptor轉(zhuǎn)換器post-translational processing翻譯后加工interferon干擾素antibiotics抗生素anticodon反密碼子releasing factor釋放因子wobble pairing搖擺配對degeneracy簡并性signal peptide信號肽secretory protein分泌性蛋白質(zhì)elongation factor延長因子streptomycin鏈霉素tetracycline四環(huán)素chloromycetin氯霉素puromycin嘌呤霉素cycloheximide防線菌酮secretory

43、protein分泌性蛋白質(zhì)elongation factor延長因子streptomycin鏈霉素tetracycline四環(huán)素chloromycetin氯霉素puromycin嘌呤霉素cycloheximide防線菌酮13章promoter啟動子lac operon乳糖操縱子temporal specificity時間特異性spatial specificity空間特異性housekeeping gene管家基因constitutive expression組成性基因表達(dá)induction誘導(dǎo)repression阻遏operator操縱序列cis-acting element順式作用元件tr

44、ans-acting factor反式作用因子repressor阻遏物activator激活物catabolite gene activation proteinCAP分解代謝物基因激活蛋白attenuation轉(zhuǎn)錄衰減attenuator衰減子enhance增強(qiáng)子general transcription factor基本轉(zhuǎn)錄因子zinc finger鋅指14章transformation轉(zhuǎn)化transfection轉(zhuǎn)染transduction轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)transposition轉(zhuǎn)座transposon轉(zhuǎn)座子recombination重組homologous recombination同源重組cl

45、one克隆cloning克隆化copy拷貝genetic engineering基因工程restriction endonulease限制性內(nèi)切酶cloning rector基因載體plasmid質(zhì)粒complementary DNA，cDNA互補(bǔ)DNAmolecular medicine分子醫(yī)學(xué)gene therapy基因治療genomic DNA library基因組DNA文庫15章signal transduction信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)hormone激素receptor受體secondary messenger第二信使ligand配體guanylate binding protein鳥苷酸結(jié)合蛋白

46、(G蛋白)adenylate cyclase腺苷酸環(huán)化酶protein kinase A蛋白激酶AcAMP response element，CREcAMP應(yīng)答元件protein kinase C蛋白激酶Ccalmoduline，CaM鈣調(diào)蛋白tyrosine-protein kinase，TPK酪氨酸蛋白激酶autophosphorylation自身磷酸化protein phosphatase蛋白磷酸酶cross talk交聯(lián)對話16章albumin清蛋白globulin球蛋白immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白fibrinogen纖維蛋白原blood coagulation血液凝固coagulation factor凝血因子anticoagulation factor抗凝血因子prothrombin凝血酶原thrombin凝血酶heme血紅素erythropoietin，EPO促紅細(xì)胞生成素17章-fetoprotein甲胎蛋白biotransformation生物轉(zhuǎn)化detoxication解毒作用monooxygenase單加氧酶monoamine oxidase，MAO單胺氧化酶alcohol dehydrogenase醇脫氫酶aldehyde dehydro