閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版

1、Please read this manual carefully before operationSUPER FM GFM閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池SUPER FM GFM Sealed Valve-Control Lead-Acid Storage BatteryTechnical manuWl哈爾濱九洲電氣股份有限公司HARBIN JIUZHOU ELECTRIC CO., LTD.目 錄 Content1 弓 I言 Introduction 2 主要用途 Applicability2.1 浮充使用Floating charge12.2 循環(huán)使用Cycled Use13 電池結(jié)構(gòu)Structu

2、re of the battery14 密封原理Sealing Method 15 技術(shù)特點(diǎn) Technical Characteristics26 技術(shù)規(guī)格Technical specifications 37 電氣性能Electrical Performance 47.1 充電特性Charging Characteristics57.1.1 浮充電特性 Floating Charge Characteristics57.1.2 循環(huán)充電特性 Cycled Charge Characteristics57.1.3 均衡充電特性 Equalizing Charge Characteristic

3、s 67.2 放電特性 Discharging Characteristics67.2.1 恒電流放電特性 Constant-Current Discharge Characteristics 67.2.2 放電容量溫度特性Temperature Characteristics of Discharging Capacity 87.2.3 沖擊放電特性 Impact discharge performance87.2.4 容量換算系數(shù)與時(shí)間關(guān)系曲線Relationship between capacity conversion coefficient andtime 97.2.5 容量換算系數(shù)

4、比較 Comparison of capacity conversion coefficient107.2.6 恒定終止電壓放電特性 Constant end point voltage discharge characteristics 117.2.7 大電流放電特性 Great current discharge feature-1min discharge feature 117.3 容量保持特性 Capacitance self-contained feature-self-discharge 117.4 內(nèi)阻特性 Intrinsic resistance Characteristic

5、s 127.5 壽命特性 Life Cycle 128 安裝指南 Installation Guide 138.1 安裝注意事項(xiàng) Attention during installation 138.2 蓄電池安裝 Installation of battery 138.3 電池柜安裝 Installation of battery cabinet 139 驗(yàn)收 Acceptance179.1 驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Acceptance Standard179.2 驗(yàn)收規(guī)則 Acceptance Specification 179.3 容量校核 Capacity verification 1710 使用與維

6、護(hù) Operation and Maintenance1811蓄電池常見故障及消除方法Common failure & trouble-shooting 1912 技術(shù)服務(wù)及質(zhì)量信息反饋Technical service and quality information feedback 201 引言 IntroductionSUPER FM GFM 系列閥控密封鉛酸蓄電池是在研究傳統(tǒng)的“鉛硫酸二氧化鉛”電化學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上，應(yīng)用氣體再化合原理，采用新型材料、新技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)制造而成。The SUPER FM GFM series valve-controlled confinement lead-

7、acid battery was made with new material and new technology by using gas recombination principle. It s based on the study of the traditional “ lea-dsulfuric acid- lead dioxide ” treolcehcemistry.哈爾濱九洲電氣股份有限公司融匯國(guó)內(nèi)外數(shù)十年的科研成果，形成了自己獨(dú)特的閥控密封鉛酸蓄電池設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)，產(chǎn)品采用國(guó)際 IEC、日本JIS和我國(guó)電力、郵電等行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制造，按國(guó)際最先進(jìn)的ISO9001 管理模式建立質(zhì)量保證

8、體系，并被有效的運(yùn)行，對(duì)產(chǎn)品容量、開路電壓、浮充電壓均衡性、密封性、安全閥開啟壓力以及極性等性能100%在線檢測(cè)，因而具有很高的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性。該產(chǎn)品多次通過電力部、郵電部和解放軍總參部檢測(cè)，并被列為定點(diǎn)配套入網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品。是國(guó)際上九十年代的最新型蓄電池產(chǎn)品。Harbin Jiuzhou Electric Co Ltd. designs its own peculiar sealed valve-control lead-Acid storage battery by combining the scientific achievements of domestic and internationa

9、l scientific research field for some tens of years complied with international IEC, JIS of Ja pan and our country s electric power & post and telecommunications and other industries standard. We set up the quality guarantee system using the mostadvanced internationally recognized ISO9001 managem

10、ent pattern with good performance. On-line detect shall be finished for product capacity, open-circuit voltage, equalization performance, float charge voltage, confinement feature, protection valve ressponse pressure, polarity and other performances. The product with a high percentage of reliability

11、 and stability has passed for many times test by Ministry of Electric Power, Ministry of Post and Telecommunications and Ministry of PLA General Staff. The battery has been listed as regular locality and complete net-joining product. It is the newest type storage battery in international market of t

12、he 90 s.2 主要用途Main usage2.1 浮充使用(備用電源)Float charge usage (standby power supply). 電信、通信設(shè)備、程控交換機(jī)。 Telecommunications, communication apparatus, SPC exchange. 應(yīng)急照明系統(tǒng)。 Emergency lighting system. 安全防盜、防火報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。 Safety and prevention of burglary, fire protection alarm system. 計(jì)算機(jī)UPS。 Computer UPS. 電力開關(guān)系統(tǒng)。 El

13、ectric power switch system. 發(fā)電廠、變電所直流操作電源及備用電源。 Electric power plant, substation directly current operation electric source and standby electric source. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)、船舶設(shè)備。 Engine startup, ship craft equipment.太陽(yáng)能系統(tǒng)。 Solar system.2.2 循環(huán)使用 Cycled usage 便攜式電視機(jī)、攝錄像機(jī)、收錄音機(jī)。 Portable TV, pickup camera, radio and

14、tape recorder. 電動(dòng)工具、割草機(jī)、吸塵器。 Electric tool, field mower. Vacuum cleaner. 照相機(jī)、新聞攝影設(shè)備。 Camera, news photography equipment. 便攜式個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)、語(yǔ)言處理器、終端。 Portable personal computer, language processor, terminal. 野外測(cè)試設(shè)備、醫(yī)療儀器設(shè)備。 Outdoor testing equipment, medical instrument equipment. 移動(dòng)電話機(jī)、對(duì)講機(jī)。 Mobile phone, walki

15、e-talkie. 礦燈、割膠燈、應(yīng)急燈、鐵路信號(hào)燈。 Lamp, tapping lamp, emergency light, railway signal light. 電動(dòng)玩具、電動(dòng)輪椅。 Electric toy, electric wheel chair.3 電池結(jié)構(gòu) Structure of the batteryexplosion ceramics filterpositive plate dummy plate negative plateterminalbinding postemergency valvtcoverFig.1 structrue of the storage

16、 battery (12V series)圖1.蓄電池結(jié)構(gòu)（12V系列）Xrgul r嵌洞板柱圖2.蓄電池結(jié)構(gòu)（2V系歹U）Emi Molded Copper Cun'Til (dli'lnrFig.2 structrue of the storage battery (2V series)表1 SUPER FM GFM 系列蓄電池構(gòu)件與功能Table.1 SUPER FM GFM series storage battery component and its function部件Component結(jié)構(gòu)材料Structural material功能Function正極板Pos

17、itive plate負(fù)極板Negative plate涂漿式極板，把活性物質(zhì)涂在特制 鉛鈣合金骨架上。Paste-smeared plate spread active material on specially made lead-calcium alloy frame.保持足夠的容量Keep sufficient capacity 維持容量長(zhǎng)期使用性用(長(zhǎng)壽)Keep capacity that can be used for long. (Longevity) 減低自身放電量。Reduce self-discharge volume 提高釋放氣體電極電位。Increase releas

18、ing gas electric pole and electric potential隔板Dummy plate高強(qiáng)度耐熱氧化性極佳的優(yōu)質(zhì)超 細(xì)玻璃纖維氈。High density, heat resisting, excellent oxidizability, high quality superfine glass fiber mat.防止正、負(fù)極板之間短路。Preventing short circuit between positive and negative plate.吸附儲(chǔ)備電解液，無流動(dòng)電解液。Absorption of the reserve electrolyte,

19、no flowing electrolyte.緊壓極板表面，防止活性物質(zhì)脫落。Coarctation the surface of the polar plate, preventing the active material from coming off.電解液Electrolyte分析純硫酸配以高純水和特定的 添加劑。Analytical pure sulfuric acid mixed with high pure water and special additives.正負(fù)極活性物質(zhì)間產(chǎn)生電化學(xué)反應(yīng)。The active material between positive and n

20、egative poles produces chemical reactions.導(dǎo)電作用。Conduction of electricity外殼和蓋Shell and cover丙烯睛(A)一( B)一苯乙 烯(S)共聚物合成樹脂。Propenyl cyanide (A) -bivinyl; butadiene (B)-styrene (S)-interpolymer synthetic resin.容納由正負(fù)極板和隔板組成的極群。保持足夠的 機(jī)械強(qiáng)度，可抵受蓄電池內(nèi)的壓力。Holding pole clusters consisting of positive plate, negati

21、ve plate and dummy plate, keep in enough mechanical strength to withstand pressure from inside the storage battery.安全閥Emergency valve用無雙鍵、耐酸性極好、品質(zhì)穩(wěn)定向耐用的H成橡膠制成。采用帽形或柱形。內(nèi)裝陶瓷過濾器。Made with artificial rubber with no double bond, excellent acid proof, the quality is stable and endurable in use.Adopting ca

22、p-like or column.Installed interior ceramics filter.如果蓄電池內(nèi)氣壓高于正常值時(shí)，便放出氣體， 使內(nèi)壓正?；?。防止氧進(jìn)入和酸霧放出。If the atmospheric pressure within the storage battery is above the normal value, gas will be sent out, and the pressure from inside will become normal. Preventing oxygen from coming inside and acid mist goin

23、g outside.端子Terminal用鉛合金制成，與接線柱一起整 體模制。Made with aluminum alloy, it is molded completely with the binding post.非焊接及截面積大的接線端子提高放電倍率和可 靠性。容易連接。Binding post of the weldless connection and large sectional area can increase the discharge magnification and improve reliability. It can be easily connected w

24、ith the battery' s conta極柱密封Pole confinement封口劑的顏色：正極為紅色，負(fù) 極為藍(lán)色。特種密封膠，專用密 封圈。The color of the sealing off agent; red for the positive pole, blue for the negative pole.Special sealing glue, special sealing ring.內(nèi)外多層密封，防止爬酸滲液。Multiple layers of sealing from both inside and outside. Acid liquid can

25、not be leaked out.ct pin.4 密封原理 Sealing Method鉛酸蓄電池的充放電的電化學(xué)反應(yīng)過程如圖3,反應(yīng)方程式如下：The electrochemical reaction process of the lead-acid storage battery, see Fig.3, the reaction equation as follows:放電 dischargePbO2+2H2SO4 + Pb < PbSO4+ 2H2。+PbS。(1)充電charge正極電解液 負(fù)極正極水負(fù)極Positive pole electrolyte negative p

26、ole positive pole water negative pole 充電后期在正極板產(chǎn)生氧氣，在負(fù)極板產(chǎn)生氫氣In the later stage of the charging, the positive plate produces oxygen, the negative plate produces hydrogen. 正極 Positive pole : H2O 1/2O2+2H+ +2e(2) 負(fù)極 Negative pole : 2H+ +2e-H2 (3)鉛酸蓄電池實(shí)現(xiàn)密封免維護(hù)的難點(diǎn)就是充電后期水的電解，SUPER FM GFM系列電池采取了以下幾項(xiàng)重要措施，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)

27、了密封性能。For sealing & maintenance free of the lead-acid storage battery, the difficulty lies in the effect of the electrolysis of the water during the later period of charging. SPUER FM GFM SERIES Storage Battery adopted the following important measures and the sealing nature can be realized after

28、wards. 采用鉛鈣合金板柵，提高了釋放氫氣電位，抑制了氫氣的產(chǎn)生，從而減少了氣體釋放量，同時(shí) 使自放電率降低。 Using lead-calcium alloy slab grid to increase electric potential and preventing the production of the hydrogen so that releasing volume of the gas was reduced, meantime the self-discharge ratio was also reduced. SUPER FM GFM系列蓄電池利用了負(fù)極活性物質(zhì)海綿狀

29、鉛的特性，這種物質(zhì)在潮濕條件下活性 很高，能與氧快速反應(yīng)，陰極吸收氧氣，抑制了水的減少而無需要補(bǔ)充水。 SUPER FM GFM Series Storage Battery uses the features of sponge-like lead in the negative pole active material. This material has high activity under damp condition and can be quickly reacted with oxygen. The negative pole absorbs the oxygen, the r

30、eduction of water can be prevented and there is no need for adding water. 在充電最終階段或在過量充電情況下，充電能量消耗在分解電解液的水份，因而正極板產(chǎn)生氧 氣，此氧氣與負(fù)極板的海綿狀鉛以及硫酸起反應(yīng)，使氧氣再化合為水。同時(shí)一部分負(fù)極板變成 放電狀態(tài)，因此也抑制了負(fù)極板氫氣產(chǎn)生。與氧氣反應(yīng)變成放電狀態(tài)的負(fù)極物質(zhì)經(jīng)過充電又恢 復(fù)到原來的海綿狀鉛。 In the final period of the charging or under the condition of over charging, the charging

31、 capacity was consumed by the water in the decomposition of the electrolyte, and the positive plate produces oxygen, the oxygen reacts with the sponge-like lead and the sulfuric acid in the negative plate and make the oxygen recombined into water. Meantime a part of the negative plate turns into dis

32、charging status; this prevents the production of hydrogen in the negative plate. The negative pole material that reacted with oxygen and became the discharging status restores into the original sponge-like lead after charging. 為了讓正極釋放的氧氣盡快流通到負(fù)極，采用了新型超細(xì)玻璃纖維隔板，其孔率可達(dá)90%以上，貧液緊裝配設(shè)計(jì)使氧氣易于流通到負(fù)極再化合為水。 In ord

33、er to let the oxygen that released from the positive pole flows quickly to the negative pole, new type superfine fiberglass dummy plate was applied; the aperture ratio can reach to 90% and up. The design of lean solution can make the oxygen flow easily to negative pole and recombine into water.充電的最終

34、階段或過量充電情況下所進(jìn)行的化學(xué)反應(yīng)如圖4,反應(yīng)方程式如下：The chemical reaction in the final period of the charging or under the condition of over charging, see Fig.4, the reaction equation as follows:正極的反應(yīng) Reaction of the positive pole : 2H2O-O2+4H+ +4e（4）負(fù)極的反應(yīng) Reaction of the negative pole : 2Pb+O2-2PbO （吸收氧氣）（5）2PbO+2H 2SO4

35、- 2PbSO4+2H2O（6）2PbSO4+4H+ +4ef2Pb+2H2SO4（PbSO4還原）（7）負(fù)極總反應(yīng) Overall reaction of the negative pole : O2+4H+ +4e2H2O （8）綜上所述：從正極板產(chǎn)生的氧氣硫電時(shí)很快與負(fù)極板的活性物質(zhì)起反應(yīng)并恢復(fù)成水，由于損失 極少，故此使蓄電池成為密封式電池。In a word, the oxygen produced from the positive plate will react quickly with the active material in the negative plate and

36、 restored into water, because the loss is very little, the storage battery becomes sealing type battery.當(dāng)充電電流超過一定值或充電溫度低于特定的溫度，正極產(chǎn)生的氣體可能不會(huì)被負(fù)極全部吸收，這種情況下，內(nèi)部壓力就要升高，在特定的壓力下（10-49KPa）安全閥就要開啟。When charging current exceeds a certain value or charging temperature is below a special setting value, the gas pr

37、oduced from the positive pole cannot be completely absorbed by negative pole, under this circumstance, the pressure from inside is sure to rise, under special pressure （10-49KPA）, the emergency valve will crack.一定要注意：當(dāng)安全閥開啟時(shí)，電解液就要消耗，就會(huì)引起電池性能的降低，為了防止這一情 況，充電時(shí)一定要遵照本技術(shù)手冊(cè)規(guī)定的充電要求進(jìn)行操作。Attention: When the

38、emergency valve cracks, it is certain the electrolyte will be consumed, and the performance of the battery shall be reduced accordingly; In order to prevent this please follow the instructions stipulated in this technical manual when charging.圖3:充電開始到最后階段前的反應(yīng)圖4:充電最后階段之后的反應(yīng).chargerp-Fig. 3 reaction b

39、efore finishing charging anti after chariglngichargerh«gative pol# ' positive p1 HTrr-4 -fie二i milm a I ll"bO*T :天 "Fig. 4 reaction after the final stage of the charging5 技術(shù)特點(diǎn) Technical Characteristics 免維護(hù)操作 Free of Maintenance在整個(gè)壽命期間無需加酸加水和檢查電解液密度，對(duì)內(nèi)部無需維護(hù)。During the whole life ex

40、pectancy, there is no need to add any acid and water and check the density of the electrolyte. There is no need for interior maintenance. 密封無泄漏 Sealing without leakage采用特殊AB密封膠粘接殼體，端子極柱采用多層密封防滲漏技術(shù)，無爬酸漏液現(xiàn)象。Using special AB seal gum cemented hard surface, terminal pole used the technology of multiple

41、layers sealing leakage proof. There is no phenomenon of weeping acid and leaking liquid. 極彳氐的自放電 Extremely low self-discharging采用電化學(xué)方法制作的特殊鉛鈣合金制造板柵和高純材料制造電池，自放電很低，在20c環(huán)境溫度下，自放電每天低于額定容量0.1% (每月小于3%)The self-discharging is extremely low by using electrochemical method in making special lead calcium al

42、loy slab grid and using high, pure material in making battery. Under environmental temperature of 20 C the self-discharging is below the nominal capacity 0.1% every day (Every month it is less than 3%). 安全防爆 Safety and explosion protection設(shè)有防火安全閥，當(dāng)內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生氣體過多時(shí)自動(dòng)放氣，然后關(guān)閉。同時(shí)防止腐蝕性氣體放出和外部火 花向內(nèi)部引爆。Fire prote

43、ction emergency valve is equipped. It will automatically release the gas when too much gas produced inside and then shut off. Meantime it can prevent corrosive gas from coming out and prevent outside electric spark from coming inside and making explosion. 長(zhǎng)壽命設(shè)計(jì) Long life cycle design 使用耐蝕性優(yōu)良的特殊鉛鈣合金制

44、成的重型板柵、高強(qiáng)度隔板和緊裝配防脫粉工藝，具有10年以上的浮充壽命。 Using heavy type slab grid with good quality and corrosion resistant made of special lead calcium alloy; high-strength dummy plate and tight assemblage powder disengage free technology; it has more than 10 years ' floating charging life expectancy. 高倍率放電性能好 Hi

45、gh magnification discharging performance 采用獨(dú)特低內(nèi)阻設(shè)計(jì)制造工藝，具有良好的大電流放電性能。Using special low intrinsic resistance design and manufacturing technology. It has excellent high-current discharging nature.便于安裝 Easy installation采用高效能氣體再化合設(shè)計(jì)，無腐蝕性氣體放出，無流動(dòng)電解液，可以任意角度(倒立除外)柜式 或架式安裝，實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)(器)一電池同室安裝使用。Using high performa

46、nce gas recombination design, no release of corrosive gas, no flowing electrolyte, can be installed at any angles (with exception of turning upside down) including cabinet type or frame type, the machine and the battery can be installed and used together in the same room.6 技術(shù)規(guī)格 Technical Parameters表

47、2 SUPER FM GFM 系列密封鉛酸蓄電池規(guī)格型號(hào)Tab.2 Specifications for SUPER FM GFM series sealed Lead-acid Battery型號(hào)Model額定電壓 Rated voltage (v)10H率容量10H Rate capacitance(AH)外型尺寸Dimensions約重Weight (kg)長(zhǎng)Length (L)寬Width (W)高Height (H)總tWjTotal height(TH)6-FM-3.5123.51146565742.006-FM-6.5126.515165941012.606-FM-1012101

48、5197951044.56-FM-121212160761581675.26-FM-151215181761671766.06-FM-2412241651751281348.76-FM-38 1123819716514514513.06-FM-501250325-35216817917917.06-FM-651265325-352116817917922.06-FM-801280380-41017022224029.06-FM-10012100380-41017022224036.0GFM-1002100641703253508.5GFM-150215011017533035010.0GFM-

49、200220011017533034015.0GFM-250225015717533034018.0GFM-300230015717533034022.0GFM-400240021217833034029.0GFM-500250024417533034134.0GFM-600260030017532534642.5GFM-800280041117533234257.0GFM-10002100047917533234268.0GFM-12002120040035034435585.0GFM-150021500400350344355104.0GFM-20002200049035034035014

50、0.0GFM-300023000710353340350220.07 電氣性能 Electrical Performance7.1 充電特性 Charging Characteristic無論用戶使用狀態(tài)如何，SUPER FM GFM系列蓄電池要求采用限流一恒電壓方式充電，即充電初期控制電流(小于 0.2C) 一般采用恒流(0.1C)中、后期控制電壓的充電方法。充電參數(shù)見表3:Current limit-voltage constant mode charging must be used for SUPER FM GFM series battery, that is: current co

51、nstant (0.1C) is carried out in the initial charging stage for control current (less than 0.2C) and in the middle and final stage, voltage constant charging manner shall be used. Charging parameters shown as Table 3表 3充電基本參數(shù)(25C) Tab. 3 charging parameters (25 C)充電方法、s""''''

52、;'Charging mode'Parameters''、使用方法ApplicationMode恒流充電電流Constant charging current (A)恒壓充電電壓Constant charging voltage(V)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電流范圍Standard current range取人允許氾圍Allowable maximum range允許范圍Allowable range設(shè)置點(diǎn)Setting point浮充使用Float charge0.08-0.10C<0.2C2.23-2.252.24循環(huán)使用Cycle0.08-0.10C<0.2C2

53、.35-2.452.40注：如100AH電池，則恒流充電電流 I=(0.08-0.1)*100=8-10A*注意：蓄電池一般應(yīng)在5-35C范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行充 電，低于5c高于35c都會(huì)降低壽命。充電的設(shè)定電壓應(yīng)在指定范圍內(nèi)，如超出指定范圍將造成蓄電池?fù)p壞，容量降低及壽命縮短。Note: Storage battery should be charged in the temperature range from 5 to 35 c . Once the temperature is lower than 5 C or higher than 35 C , the life cycle of the

54、battery will be reduced. The preset voltage value for charging use should be in prescribed range. Beyond the range the storage battery will be damaged.7.1.1 浮充電特性 Floating Charge Characteristics25c時(shí)2V蓄電池浮充電壓采用2.24V, 12V蓄電池浮充電壓為13.5V。浮充飽和時(shí)浮充電流一般每AH為1-2mA,其充電特性見圖 5。Float charge voltage shall be 2.24V

55、for 2V battery at 25 C and for 12V battery to be 13.5V . While float charge saturation state reaches, float charge current shall be generally 2-4mA for each AH, whose charging feature shown as Fig.5.浮充電壓應(yīng)根據(jù)溫度變化進(jìn)行調(diào)整，其校正系數(shù) K為-3mV/ C即Float charge voltage must be regulated in accordance with variation o

56、f temperature, herein ,calibrating coefficient K is -3mv/ CVt=V 25+K(t-25)具體選擇可按圖6進(jìn)行。Specific selection shall be made as Fig.6.充電量 charging volume 充電電流 charging current 充電電壓 charging voltage圖 5充電特性曲線Fig.5 Charging Characteristic Curve7.1.2循環(huán)充電特性Cycled charging characteristics25 c時(shí)循環(huán)使用2V蓄電池充電電壓為 2.40V , 12V 蓄電池充電電壓為 14.4V。其充電特性同圖5。Charging voltage shall be 2.40V at 25 c for cycled use 2V battery and for 12V battery should be 1