《現(xiàn)代大學英語精讀1》第二課

1、The Boy and the Bank OfficerPhilip Ross R einforcementT ext AnalysisThe Boy and the Bank OfficerB ackgroundW arming upUnit 2Questions / ActivitiesCheck-on PreviewObjectivesWBTRThe Boy and the Bank OfficerUnit 2Warming upWarming upQuestions / ActivitiesBanking words: how many of them do you know?WBTR

2、A.T.M .amount in figures amount in words annual interest rate apply for/grant a loan bank/pass/account bookbill blank check/chequeby installment cash change check/cheque account chquebook/checkbook clerk coin collateral commercial/merchant bank 自動取款機 小寫金額 大寫金額 年利率 申請/批準貸款 存折 鈔票 空白支票 分期付款 現(xiàn)金 找零 支票帳戶

3、支票簿 柜臺職員 硬幣 擔保物 商業(yè)銀行 counter credit card current account daily interest account debt denomination/face value deposit account dime draw/withdraw earn interest exchange rate expense account extension fill out/in a form full refund money in fives/tens joint account 柜臺 信用卡 活期存款帳戶 按天計息帳戶 債務(wù) 面額 定期存款帳戶 (美加

4、)十分硬幣 提款 賺取利息 匯率 公款支付帳戶 延期 填寫 全額償還 五元/十元面額 聯(lián)名帳戶 Warming upQuestions / ActivitiesMore banking words.WBTRloan money order monthly savings account mortgage mutual fund nickel open an account order check/cheque ounce overdraw/overdraft password/code pay slip/envelop payday 貸款 匯票 按月計息帳戶 抵押 共有基金 (美加)五分硬幣

5、開戶 記名支票 盎司1/16 磅 透支 密碼 薪水單 發(fā)薪日 penny quarter rebate rubber check/cheque savings account service charge signature card statement teller balance of account travelers check/cheque World BankIMF分幣 (美加)25分 回扣 空頭支票 儲蓄存款帳戶 服務(wù)費/手續(xù)費 簽名卡 對帳單 出納 帳戶余額 旅行支票世界銀行國際貨幣基金組織 Chase BankCiti Bank Hong Kong Shanghai Bank

6、ing Corporation Federal Reserve Bank大通銀行 花旗銀行 匯豐銀行 (美國)聯(lián)邦儲備銀行Warming upQuestions / ActivitiesWhen was the last time you went to a bank? What bank? For What? What did you do? How were you treated? Share your experience with the class.WBTRCheck-on Preview Fill each blank with one word from the list an

7、d find the corresponding explanation. 1. I have a friend who hates banks with a special _ .2. he replied in a voice rising slightly in _ .3. You ought to get your parents here and _ .4. You know, you really shouldnt have _ .5. I couldnt believe what this _ was saying.WBTRWarming upList: protest, idi

8、ot, passion, interfered, irritationa. to deliberately get involved in a situation that does not concern you, which may be annoying to others.b. a foolish personc. very strong feeling (of hate, anger, love)d. the feeling of being annoyed about sth.e. to complainObjectives Understand the structure and

9、 the general idea of the story Learn to analyze characters in the story Learn to retell the story Solve your own questions about the storyWBTRWarming upBackgroundGenreAuthorBWTRThe Boy and the Bank OfficerUnit 2A culture tipBackgroundAuthorPhilip Ross 1939 -uAn American writer based in New York.u Af

10、ter working as a newspaper reporter for four years, he turned to freelance writing.uMany of his articles have appeared in the New Yorker, Readers Digest and New York Times . uThis text is taken from Strategies for Successful Writing: A Rhetoric and Reader, 3rd edition published by Prentice Hall, Inc

11、. in 1993 in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. BWTRHis LifeBackgroundThe Beginning of BankinguBanks first emerged in the Middle Ages when people grew tired of carrying around all their gold and began leaving their money with the goldsmith. A Culture TipBWTRBackgroundThe Beginning of BankinguThe goldsmit

12、hs noticed that deposits remained at a fairly steady level over long periods of time. Deposits and withdrawals tended to balance each other because customers only wanted enough money on hand to meet everyday needs. This allowed the smiths to loan out at interest cash that would otherwise be idle. Fr

13、om this practice emerged the modern facets of banking: keeping deposits, making loans, and maintaining reserves.u Another practice of the goldsmiths, by which a customer could arrange to transfer part of his balance to another party by a written order, was the start of the modern check-writing syste

14、m. A Culture TipBWTRBackgroundGenreA Short Story Plot: a man embarrasses himself by blindly interfering with a bank officers “unfair” rejection when a boy requests to withdraw money Setting: in a bank in New York at noon one day characters: the narrator, a boy, and a fortyish bank officerTheme of th

15、e story: what do you think?BWTRDetailedAnalysisCharacterAnalysisStructureThemeThe Boy and the Bank OfficerUnit 2Text AnalysisTWBRText AnalysisTheme Banks are not necessarily “evil”. Prejudice makes people embarrass themselves. Unkind deeds may come from a heart that is too eager to be kind. Lying is

16、 not always an “evil”. Children shouldnt be allowed to deal with money. TWBRText AnalysisStructure1Para. 1The narrators friends opinion of banks2Para. 2-23The failure of the boys attempt to withdraw money from the bank and the authors fruitless interference3Para. 24-31The bank officers clarification

17、 of the situationTWBRText AnalysisCharacter AnalysisChoose words form the list below that you think can describe the three characters in the story. Find evidence from the text to support your choice.arrogant, brave, credible, cruel, deceitful, dutiful, frank, friendly, greedy, honest, humorous, impo

18、lite, kind-hearted, meek, mean, observant, pitiful, polite, professional, rash, sarcastic, shy, reliable, rigid, smart, snobbish, stone-hearted, stupid, trustworthy TWBRText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisMain IdeaSentence ParaphraseWords & ExpressionsExercisePart I Part II Part III TWBRText AnalysisD

19、etailed AnalysisPart I: Main Idea1. What is the narrators friends attitude to banks? 2. Why does he hold such an attitude?3. Do you think its fair for him to regard banks this way?4. What is your opinion of banks in China?5. Do you have any general opinions of certain people or institutions, such as

20、 taxi drivers, Chengguan, the Japanese, the Rich 2nd Generation, and hospitals? Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence ParaphraseThe only difference is that a banks goods happen to be money which is yours in the first place. Used to introduce a series of points in a argument or to talk about

21、 what should have been done.Attributive clause introduced by “which”Noun clause introduced by that as predicative To do/be sth. by chanceText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Sentence ParaphraseIf banks were required to sell wallets and money belts, they might act less like churches. The word “churc

22、h” has certain associations. People usually think of a church as the spokesman of God, as a powerful organization that controls your life and can interfere in your life. To be like churches means to act authoritatively.Paraphrasing: Even though banks sell financial service instead of common goods, t

23、hey are still business organizations instead of churches. Thus it is ridiculous for them to act like churches by acting authoritatively and interfering in other peoples lives instead of focusing on their function and position as a business organization.Unreal condition and subjunctive moodText Analy

24、sisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Words & ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence Patternpassionrequire happen to doact likein the first placenoun clause as predicativeattributive clauseSubjunctive moodText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: ExerciseTranslate the following sentences into English, using words in

25、 the brackets.我碰巧就在附近釣魚，所以親眼看到了那人跳入水中去救人。(happen)我們恰巧同年同月同日生。(happen)首先你就不應(yīng)該交這樣的朋友。(place)我的觀點是，發(fā)展經(jīng)濟不應(yīng)該以環(huán)境為代價。(noun clause)天若有情天亦老。（subjunctive mood）Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Main Idea1. What did the bank officer look like?2. What did the boy look like?3. What was the argument between t

26、he officer and the boy?4. Why did the narrator interfere?5. What evidence did the narrator find to rebut the officer?6. Do you think what the officer said was reasonable?7. Would you have interfered if you had been there in the bank?8. Do you know any bank rules that are ridiculous?Text AnalysisDeta

27、iled AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseIt was lunchtime and the only officer on duty was a fortyish black man with short, pressed hair, a pencil mustache, and a neatly pressed brown suit. straightened or uncurled haira suit without creases after ironinga thin mustache like a line drawn with a penc

28、il.Go to next page for different types of hair on a mans face.at about the age of forty; the suffix ish may mean: 1) somewhat, near to, approximately (reddish, yellowish, grayish, darkish), 2) in the manner of, like (foolish, childish, girlish, boyish, womanish, snobbish), 3) of a country (Irish, Po

29、lish, Finnish, Spanish).Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisTypes of hair on a mans facepencil Mustachebeard & mustachegoatee & mustachesideburns / whiskersText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseEverything about him suggested a carefully dressed authority. to evoke in the mind o

30、f someone by the association of ideasParaphrasing: Everything about himhis clothes, manner, etc. indicated/gives people the impression that he was carefully dressed to exhibit an air of decisive importance and power.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphrase“But that doesnt see fair,

31、” the boy said, his voice breaking. his voice becomes unnatural because of nervousness, excitement, or anger.The absolute construction (with) logical subject + present participle / past participle (indicating passivity) / infinitive (indicating futurity or aim) / prepositional phrase (indicating a s

32、tate) / adj. (indicating a state), used as adverbialsText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseNow if you will excuse me. Paraphrasing: Now Im sorry but I cant talk with you anymore.This expression is used when one wants to go back to work, or to attend to other customers, or just to

33、 end the conversation.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseI didnt think twice. To think about sth. carefully.Also: to give something a second thoughtText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseExcuse me? Paraphrasing: But why? I dont understand.This expression is

34、used when you disagree with somebody but still want to be polite about it.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseAnd since there doesnt seem to be any question as to whether its his money, the banks so-called policy isridiculous.concerning, about (quite formal)used when you think

35、the name given is wrong or improper (Dont use this expression when the name/noun is in quotes)used here to introduce an adverbial clause of reasonText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphrase“It may seem ridiculous to you,” he replied in a voice rising slightly in irritationpresent part

36、iciple as modifiernonfinite verbs (presenting participles / past participles (indicating passivity) / infinitives (indicating futurity or aim) may be used as modifiers.E.g.: The cat chased by the dog carrying the mouse to be revenged is called Tom.in an annoyed mannerSimilar phrases to indicate an e

37、motional state: to cry in happiness, to laugh in joy, to sing in sorrow, to reply in surprise, to watch in amzementParaphrasing: he replied in a louder voice which showed that the man was a little annoyed and impatientText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphraseduring the exchange The

38、exchange of words, the argument, the conversationText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseI had my opening. an opportunity or chance, especially for employment or promotion in a business concernParaphrasing: I found a good chance to do or say something favorable or upper hand. Also:

39、 I had my window.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseI moved in for the kill. Paraphrasing: I began to prepare to kill, destroy or defeat my enemy.I thought now I had a strong argument to silence and embarrass the bank officer by convincing him that he was wrong and being unfai

40、r to the boy. So I used the argument.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseI zeroed in on the officer.I launched an attack on the officer. Originally, “to zero in on sb.” means “to aim a gun at a target”.This exaggerated expression is used here for humor. Text AnalysisDetailed An

41、alysisPart II: Sentence ParaphraseI turned to the boy with a shrug. (the body movement) to raise the shoulders, especially as a gesture of doubt, distain, or indifference.A cultural note: Body language as a means of non-verbal communication is as important as the verbal language. To understand the m

42、eaning of certain commonly used gestures and body movements of the English-speaking world is quite necessary to English learners. On the next few pages are some examples for you to study. Go to next page for the meaning of some common gestures in North America.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II:

43、A cultural noteStop!Good luck!VictoryGood, okay!Good-bye!I dont know!Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: A cultural noteGive it to me.Im angry!Can I have a free ride?No good!Can I say something?Come here.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Sentence Paraphrase“You are really getting cheated,” I

44、 said.“To get cheated” is another way of saying “to be cheated” with emphasis on the action rather than the state. The use of “get” convey the sense that the doer has an active part in the action. It is common in informal English. Notice that the sentence is in the present continuous passive.More ex

45、amples:The poor boys never got invited anywhere.Please give me five minutes: I must get changed.Smoking so heavily, you are getting yourself killed.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarfortyishsuggestso-called be aware ofturn tothink twicea

46、s toin irritationmove in for the killzero in onget sb. to domaybutto have no other alternative but to doAbsolute constructionnonfinite verbs used as modifiersText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Exercise 1Combine the two sentences, using nonfinite verbs as modifiers.A girl is talking to the class.

47、 She is our monitor.The mother holds the baby in her arms. He looks like an angel.The writing assignment will be handed in before Friday. The assignment is quite heavy.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Exercise 2Translate the following into English, using the absolute construction.錢包被偷了，他感到很無助。

48、你們在教室里這么大聲講話，我們很難專心學習作業(yè)做完了，我們可以出去玩了。父親緊跟在身后，她就沒有什么好怕的了。沒有公共汽車了，我們只好坐出租車回家。Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Exercise 3Rewrite the following sentences, using hyperbole.Thanks a lot.Im very hungry.He is very eloquent.Wisdom is more important than books.They laughed heartily.Text AnalysisDetailed

49、AnalysisPart III: Main Idea How did the narrator feel when the bank officer accused him of unwanted interference? Why did the narrator think the officer and he were only wasting each other time? Why did the boy wanted to withdraw money from his bank account? Was the bank really protecting the boys i

50、nterests? How must the narrator have felt when he learned the truth about the boys situation?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Sentence Paraphraseyou really shouldnt have interfered.Should (not) have done / ought (not) to have done:expression of criticism, indicating some unwanted bad results

51、have been caused or something was (not) done.（本不該） More examples:You shouldnt have married him in the first place. How miserable you are now.You shouldnt have stayed up last night, or you wouldnt be so sleepy in class now.He should have visited his father in hospital last night, but for this reason

52、or that, he didnt go.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Sentence ParaphraseWell, it damn well seemed to me thenused here to emphasize how sure or determined one is about something. It is slang (very informal) and is not expected to be heard in polite society.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I

53、II: Sentence ParaphraseAnd who might that be?The modal verb might is often used to refer to low possibility. This question implies that the narrator didnt believe anybody (on the banks side) was representing the boy interests. Here it is meant to be sarcastic.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III:

54、Sentence ParaphraseLook, were just wasting each others time.The conversation is meaningless and therefore a waste of time.Paraphrasing: Look, lets stop talking about this because its a waste of time since you are talking nonsense and I dont want to listen to your nonsense any more.Text AnalysisDetai

55、led AnalysisPart III: Sentence Paraphrasesome neighborhood bully has been shaking the boy down for more than a month.a person who uses his/her strength or power to frighten or hurt someone who is weaker“To shake sb. down” is a slang expression meaning to get money from sb. by using threats especiall

56、y of physical harm. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Sentence ParaphraseThe poor kid was apparently too scared to tell anyone.Avoid the confusion:scar, scare, scarce,scarred, scared,scarring, scaring,scary,scarcity, scarcelyOne tip when using the “tooto” pattern:The infinitive verb in this pa

57、ttern is always transitive, so when an intransitive verb has to be used, make it transitive by adding an appropriate preposition.E.g.The door is too narrow for an elephant to go through.The apartment is too small for a family of ten to live in.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Sentence Paraphr

58、aseNot that I ever heard of.Paraphrasing: Ive never heard of such a rule. / Even if there were such a rule, Ive never heard of it.Similar to: Not that I know of.Both expressions are used when answering a question to mean that, judging from the information you have, the answer is no.Text AnalysisDeta

59、iled AnalysisPart III: Words & ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentence PatternGrammarrepresentforcescare shake sb. downhand overon the casemake an arrestwithdraw money fromhear oftootoshouldnt have doneText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Exercise 1Rewrite the following sentences, using “should” to s

60、uggest criticism.You came too late.Why didnt you invite your parents over? I missed them.I dont like the orange curtain you bought. I like pink better.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Exercise 2Translate the following into English, using one word from the list below for each sentence.1997年英國將香港移交給中國。