古希臘神話(huà)故事人物

1、一、Time and Location1ancient times- about 12th B.C.2location：Aegean Sea(愛(ài)琴海)周?chē)貐^(qū)culture:CreteMycenaeheavenly Aegean Sea二、The origin of Greek Mythology1.the symbols of natural things2.religious ceremonies3.historical legends4.the similarities of languages 5.art performanceThe contents of Greek Mytholo

2、gy1.Gods stories2.Heroic legends三、Characteristics of Greek Mythology1.Anthropomorphism(神人同形同性2.Worship of knowledge and for the secrets of nature and human nature3.Reflection of humans wish to change nature ;humans happiness;people foremost眾神眾神之王之王 宙斯宙斯Zeus愛(ài)與美神維納斯Venus四、四、Archetype of Greek Mytholog

3、yarchetypearchetypefeaturefeature女性神話(huà)原型女性神話(huà)原型女性在審美層面女性在審美層面和現(xiàn)實(shí)中的矛盾和現(xiàn)實(shí)中的矛盾男性神話(huà)原型男性神話(huà)原型男權(quán)文化的統(tǒng)治男權(quán)文化的統(tǒng)治意識(shí)意識(shí)英雄原型英雄原型西方人英勇無(wú)畏西方人英勇無(wú)畏的征服欲望的征服欲望漂流原型漂流原型旅程冒險(xiǎn)傳奇旅程冒險(xiǎn)傳奇archarchetypeetypefeafeatureture尋找原型尋找原型追求物質(zhì)與理追求物質(zhì)與理性性父子沖突原型父子沖突原型權(quán)力沖突權(quán)力沖突母子沖突原型母子沖突原型男女沖突男女沖突兩性沖突原型兩性沖突原型男女不平等男女不平等五、Influence of Greek Mytholog

4、y1、historical cradle and spiritual source of the whole western culture2、a kind of basic pattern to understand the world3、source of various culture of the later generations cassandra complex 凱珊卓情結(jié) 希臘神話(huà)中的女預(yù)言家，特洛伊國(guó)王普里阿摩斯的女兒。身為神殿女巫，她獲阿波羅賦予預(yù)知命運(yùn)的能力，但阿波羅要求與她發(fā)生肉體關(guān)系作回報(bào)，她拒絕了，阿波羅一怒下向她施以詛咒：凡她說(shuō)出口的預(yù)言將百發(fā)百中，然而誰(shuí)也不信以

5、為真。 心理學(xué)上指那些對(duì)尚未發(fā)生的災(zāi)難即將來(lái)臨深信不疑卻受到了周?chē)某靶洼p視的人Example:The influence on English1.Muses(繆斯)：希臘神話(huà)中掌管藝術(shù)的諸神。共九位，分別是歷史、抒情詩(shī)、喜劇(牧歌、田園詩(shī))、悲劇、歌舞、愛(ài)情詩(shī)、頌歌、天文、史詩(shī)。 Muses的藝術(shù)衍生出單詞music，Muses收藏藝術(shù)品的地方就是museum。藝術(shù)帶來(lái)的快樂(lè)便是amuse，amusement。2.Morpheus：希臘神話(huà)中的夢(mèng)神。夢(mèng)神是睡神Hypnos(許普諾斯的兒子，掌管人們的夢(mèng)境。衍生詞：morphine(嗎啡)，marijuana(大麻)，兩者都是opium(鴉片

6、)的提取物。morphine有麻醉鎮(zhèn)定的作用。3.Eris厄里斯 不和女神，復(fù)仇女神。為了報(bào)復(fù)Narcissus納西塞斯, 用詛咒使其最終死于自己的美麗。 衍生詞：“eristic a.爭(zhēng)論的，辯論的；有爭(zhēng)議的；狡辯的。 n.爭(zhēng)論術(shù)；論客4.Eros厄洛斯)：愛(ài)神。 是一位生有雙翼的美少年，相當(dāng)于羅馬神話(huà)中的Cupid(丘比特)。不管是Eros還是Cupid，成天無(wú)所事事，在天上飛來(lái)飛去練習(xí)射箭，搞得大家人心 惶惶。所以他們衍生出的單詞都含貶義:erotic色情的：cupidity貪心，貪婪。希臘眾神名字對(duì)英語(yǔ)詞匯的影響希臘眾神名字對(duì)英語(yǔ)詞匯的影響月份名詞；一月月份名詞；一月JanuaryJa

7、nuary來(lái)源于神話(huà)中守戶(hù)門(mén)的兩面神來(lái)源于神話(huà)中守戶(hù)門(mén)的兩面神JanusJanus三月三月MarchMarch戰(zhàn)神戰(zhàn)神MarsMars五月五月May May 掌管生殖和生長(zhǎng)的女神掌管生殖和生長(zhǎng)的女神MaiaMaia六月六月JuneJune來(lái)自來(lái)自天后天后JunoJunoCronosCronos：宙斯的父親。害怕子女對(duì)抗自己，曾吞食自己的后代。：宙斯的父親。害怕子女對(duì)抗自己，曾吞食自己的后代。就像無(wú)情的時(shí)間，吞噬一切。因此字根就像無(wú)情的時(shí)間，吞噬一切。因此字根“chron“chron意指意指“time“time。衍生衍生 詞：詞：chronic(chronic(消耗時(shí)間的，慢性的消耗時(shí)間的，慢性

8、的) )：chronology(chronology(年代學(xué)，年代學(xué)，年表年表) )。AtlasAtlas：希臘神話(huà)中：希臘神話(huà)中Titans(Titans(泰坦泰坦) )巨神之一，因背叛巨神之一，因背叛Zeus(Zeus(宙斯宙斯) )被罰在世界的西邊盡頭以雙肩扛天。被罰在世界的西邊盡頭以雙肩扛天。1616世紀(jì)地理學(xué)家麥卡脫把世紀(jì)地理學(xué)家麥卡脫把AtlasAtlas擎天擎天 圖作為一本地圖冊(cè)的卷首插圖。后人爭(zhēng)相效仿，圖作為一本地圖冊(cè)的卷首插圖。后人爭(zhēng)相效仿， atlasatlas從此有了地圖、地圖集、身負(fù)重?fù)?dān)的人的含義。其他衍生詞：從此有了地圖、地圖集、身負(fù)重?fù)?dān)的人的含義。其他衍生詞：Atl

9、anticAtlantic。源于希臘神話(huà)的英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)源于希臘神話(huà)的英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)the sword of Damocles(the sword of Damocles(達(dá)摩克利斯之劍達(dá)摩克利斯之劍) )：DamoclesDamocles是敘拉古王朝的一位是敘拉古王朝的一位大臣，非常羨慕帝王的榮華富貴。一天，國(guó)王讓他坐在王位上，在大臣，非常羨慕帝王的榮華富貴。一天，國(guó)王讓他坐在王位上，在 DamoclesDamocles的頭上用一根頭發(fā)懸一把利劍，告訴他王權(quán)的危險(xiǎn)就象那把劍一樣，隨時(shí)可能的頭上用一根頭發(fā)懸一把利劍，告訴他王權(quán)的危險(xiǎn)就象那把劍一樣，隨時(shí)可能降臨。因此降臨。因此the sword of Da

10、moclesthe sword of Damocles就成了就成了“富貴中隱藏的危險(xiǎn)的同義語(yǔ)，富貴中隱藏的危險(xiǎn)的同義語(yǔ)，也可以指形勢(shì)危急，千鈞一發(fā)。也可以指形勢(shì)危急，千鈞一發(fā)。Damon and PythiasDamon and Pythias：DamonDamon和和PythiasPythias是好朋友。是好朋友。PythiasPythias出事被判了死刑，出事被判了死刑，為了使他能夠回家探視親人，為了使他能夠回家探視親人，DamoDamo留在牢中作人質(zhì)，如果留在牢中作人質(zhì)，如果PythiasPythias不按時(shí)返不按時(shí)返 回，就處死回，就處死DamonDamon。當(dāng)期限滿(mǎn)，臨處刑之際，。當(dāng)

11、期限滿(mǎn)，臨處刑之際，PythiasPythias及時(shí)趕回。國(guó)王深受感及時(shí)趕回。國(guó)王深受感動(dòng)，將二人全部釋放，因此，動(dòng)，將二人全部釋放，因此，Damon and PythiasDamon and Pythias意思就是意思就是“生死之交。生死之交。Penelops webPenelops web：源自史詩(shī)：源自史詩(shī)? ?奧德賽奧德賽?(Odyssey)?(Odyssey)。泊涅羅珀。泊涅羅珀(Penelop)(Penelop)是奧是奧底修斯底修斯(Odysseus)(Odysseus)的妻子，以忠貞而著稱(chēng)。特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)持續(xù)的妻子，以忠貞而著稱(chēng)。特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)持續(xù) 了十年，了十年，OdysseusOdy

12、sseus在返家的途中又耽誤了十年。在這漫長(zhǎng)的二十年中，許多王公貴族在返家的途中又耽誤了十年。在這漫長(zhǎng)的二十年中，許多王公貴族向向PenelopPenelop求婚，她都托辭說(shuō)必須等織完布后才能予以考慮，一求婚，她都托辭說(shuō)必須等織完布后才能予以考慮，一 到晚上，她到晚上，她又將白天織好的布再拆開(kāi)。因此又將白天織好的布再拆開(kāi)。因此Penelops webPenelops web就成了一項(xiàng)永遠(yuǎn)也完不成的就成了一項(xiàng)永遠(yuǎn)也完不成的工作。工作。下面選取了下面選取了1212個(gè)例句。這個(gè)例句。這1212個(gè)句子都含有出自希臘神話(huà)中的典故。這些典故用詞不多，個(gè)句子都含有出自希臘神話(huà)中的典故。這些典故用詞不多，但內(nèi)

13、涵豐富，寓意深刻。但內(nèi)涵豐富，寓意深刻。1 1Thanks to her agentThanks to her agent，a a veritable Pygmalionveritable Pygmalion，she she was transformed from an was transformed from an ugly duckling into a ugly duckling into a Hollywood beauty. Hollywood beauty. 皮格馬利翁皮格馬利翁PygmalionPygmalion是塞是塞浦路斯國(guó)浦路斯國(guó)CyprusCyprus國(guó)王，也國(guó)王，也是

14、一位雕刻家。他愛(ài)上了自己是一位雕刻家。他愛(ài)上了自己所雕塑的少女像所雕塑的少女像GalateaGalatea，愛(ài)與美的女神阿佛洛狄特愛(ài)與美的女神阿佛洛狄特AphroditeAphrodite見(jiàn)其感情真摯，見(jiàn)其感情真摯，賦予雕像以生命，使兩人結(jié)為賦予雕像以生命，使兩人結(jié)為夫妻。夫妻。PygmalionPygmalion現(xiàn)在喻指現(xiàn)在喻指“對(duì)對(duì)他人或物抱有積極主動(dòng)、熱切他人或物抱有積極主動(dòng)、熱切期盼態(tài)度的人。例句中期盼態(tài)度的人。例句中PygmalionPygmalion正是取了該意。正是取了該意。 2 2The present school curriculum seems The present s

15、chool curriculum seems to some students a procrustean bed. to some students a procrustean bed. 句中的句中的procrusteanprocrustean是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞派生而來(lái)。派生而來(lái)。procrustesprocrustes是古希臘阿提卡是古希臘阿提卡AtticaAttica一帶的巨人，譯為柏魯克洛斯德。一帶的巨人，譯為柏魯克洛斯德。他攔路搶劫，把受害人綁在床榻之上。如果他攔路搶劫，把受害人綁在床榻之上。如果受害人身高超過(guò)床榻，柏魯克洛斯德就截?cái)嗍芎θ松砀叱^(guò)床榻，柏魯克洛

16、斯德就截?cái)嗥湎轮?；如果受害人身高短于床榻，他就抻其下肢；如果受害人身高短于床榻，他就抻長(zhǎng)其下肢，使其與床榻齊長(zhǎng)。長(zhǎng)其下肢，使其與床榻齊長(zhǎng)。procrustean procrustean 現(xiàn)在喻指現(xiàn)在喻指“強(qiáng)求一致的；削足適履的；強(qiáng)求一致的；削足適履的； procrustean bedprocrustean bed喻指喻指“強(qiáng)求一致的制度或強(qiáng)求一致的制度或政策。例句中政策。例句中procrustean bedprocrustean bed正是取了正是取了該意。該意。 3 3The Argus-eyed examiner The Argus-eyed examiner certainly cont

17、ributed to certainly contributed to the honesty of the the honesty of the candidatescandidates ArgusArgus是希臘神話(huà)中的百眼巨人，是希臘神話(huà)中的百眼巨人，譯為阿耳戈斯。他受命護(hù)衛(wèi)宙譯為阿耳戈斯。他受命護(hù)衛(wèi)宙斯斯ZeusZeus所鐘愛(ài)的少女所鐘愛(ài)的少女艾奧艾奧IoIo，后被眾神的使者，后被眾神的使者赫耳墨斯赫耳墨斯HermesHermes所殺。他所殺。他的眼睛被放在了孔雀的尾巴上。的眼睛被放在了孔雀的尾巴上。Argus Argus 現(xiàn)在喻指現(xiàn)在喻指“機(jī)敏之人；機(jī)敏之人；Argus-eyed A

18、rgus-eyed 喻指喻指“機(jī)敏的；目機(jī)敏的；目光銳利的。例句中光銳利的。例句中Argus-Argus-eyed eyed 正是取了該意。有目光敏正是取了該意。有目光敏銳的監(jiān)考者在場(chǎng)，考生的老實(shí)銳的監(jiān)考者在場(chǎng)，考生的老實(shí)程度也隨之有所提高。程度也隨之有所提高。 4 4The preparation of the Oxford The preparation of the Oxford English Dictionary was a English Dictionary was a herculean taskherculean task 句中的句中的herculeanherculean是形

19、容詞，由專(zhuān)有是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞名詞Her-culesHer-cules派生而來(lái)。派生而來(lái)。HerculesHercules是宙斯是宙斯ZeusZeus與阿爾克墨涅與阿爾克墨涅Alcmene Alcmene 之子，譯為赫拉克勒斯。之子，譯為赫拉克勒斯。他是一位力大無(wú)比的英雄，克服了種他是一位力大無(wú)比的英雄，克服了種種艱難困苦，冒險(xiǎn)完成了種艱難困苦，冒險(xiǎn)完成了1212項(xiàng)強(qiáng)加給項(xiàng)強(qiáng)加給他的任務(wù)。他的任務(wù)。HerculesHercules現(xiàn)在喻指現(xiàn)在喻指“無(wú)比無(wú)比英勇之人；英勇之人；herculeanherculean喻指喻指“極其極其驍勇的；艱巨的。例句中驍勇的；艱巨的。例句中herculeanh

20、erculean取取“艱巨的之意。編纂艱巨的之意。編纂字典無(wú)疑是一項(xiàng)艱苦卓絕的工作。字典無(wú)疑是一項(xiàng)艱苦卓絕的工作。 5 5Tired of political dodgesTired of political dodges，the wouldthe wouldbe candidate decided to cut the Gordian knot by be candidate decided to cut the Gordian knot by announcing that he would runannouncing that he would run 句中的句中的GordianGord

21、ian是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞GordiusGordius派生而來(lái)。派生而來(lái)。GordiusGordius是弗里吉亞國(guó)是弗里吉亞國(guó)PhrygiaPhrygia國(guó)王，譯國(guó)王，譯為戈?duì)柕?。他打了一個(gè)復(fù)雜難解的結(jié)，被稱(chēng)為為戈?duì)柕?。他打了一個(gè)復(fù)雜難解的結(jié)，被稱(chēng)為“戈?duì)柕系慕Y(jié)戈?duì)柕系慕Y(jié)Gordian knotGordian knot。當(dāng)馬其頓國(guó)王亞歷。當(dāng)馬其頓國(guó)王亞歷山大聽(tīng)到神諭允諾，解開(kāi)此結(jié)者將成為下一個(gè)亞洲之王時(shí)，在無(wú)法解開(kāi)此結(jié)的情況下，他揮舞利劍將山大聽(tīng)到神諭允諾，解開(kāi)此結(jié)者將成為下一個(gè)亞洲之王時(shí)，在無(wú)法解開(kāi)此結(jié)的情況下，他揮舞利劍將其斬開(kāi)。其斬開(kāi)。Gordian knotGord

22、ian knot現(xiàn)在喻指現(xiàn)在喻指“難辦的事，復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題；難辦的事，復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題；cut the Gordian knot cut the Gordian knot 喻指喻指“快刀斬快刀斬亂麻式地解決復(fù)雜問(wèn)題。例句中亂麻式地解決復(fù)雜問(wèn)題。例句中cut the Gordian knotcut the Gordian knot正是取了該意，正是取了該意，“這位競(jìng)選者厭倦了躲躲閃這位競(jìng)選者厭倦了躲躲閃閃的方式，決定直截了當(dāng)?shù)匦紖⒓痈?jìng)選。閃的方式，決定直截了當(dāng)?shù)匦紖⒓痈?jìng)選。 6 6He was thought of as a titan of the American automobile indus

23、tryHe was thought of as a titan of the American automobile industry TitanTitan是天神馬拉諾斯是天神馬拉諾斯UranusUranus與大地女神蓋亞與大地女神蓋亞GaeaGaea之子，譯為泰坦，是一位巨神。之子，譯為泰坦，是一位巨神。TitanTitan現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在喻指喻指“巨物；巨人，有成就的人。例句中的巨物；巨人，有成就的人。例句中的titantitan取取“有成就的人之意，有成就的人之意，“他被認(rèn)為是美國(guó)汽車(chē)他被認(rèn)為是美國(guó)汽車(chē)工業(yè)的巨頭。工業(yè)的巨頭。 7 7The multimillionaire wondered,

24、with satisfaction, if he truly had the Midas touchThe multimillionaire wondered, with satisfaction, if he truly had the Midas touch 邁達(dá)斯邁達(dá)斯MidasMidas是弗里吉亞國(guó)是弗里吉亞國(guó)PhrygiaPhrygia國(guó)王，他要求神賜予他一種特殊的魔力，能把他觸摸到的國(guó)王，他要求神賜予他一種特殊的魔力，能把他觸摸到的一切變成黃金?，F(xiàn)在一切變成黃金。現(xiàn)在MidasMidas喻指喻指“大富翁；善于賺大錢(qián)之人。大富翁；善于賺大錢(qián)之人。 the Midas touchthe

25、 Midas touch喻指喻指“賺大錢(qián)的本賺大錢(qián)的本領(lǐng)。例句中領(lǐng)。例句中 the Midas touchthe Midas touch正是取了該意，正是取了該意，“這位大富翁志得意滿(mǎn)，思量著自己是否真正具備了這位大富翁志得意滿(mǎn)，思量著自己是否真正具備了賺大錢(qián)的本領(lǐng)。賺大錢(qián)的本領(lǐng)。 8 8Vietnam was President Johnsons Achilles heelVietnam was President Johnsons Achilles heel 阿基里斯阿基里斯AchillesAchilles出生后，其母捏住他的腳踵倒提著把他放到斯提克斯出生后，其母捏住他的腳踵倒提著把他放到

26、斯提克斯River StyxRiver Styx河水里浸河水里浸泡。被該河河水浸泡之后，他渾身堅(jiān)硬如鐵，刀槍不久，但是他母親所捏的腳踵未沾河水，所以成為泡。被該河河水浸泡之后，他渾身堅(jiān)硬如鐵，刀槍不久，但是他母親所捏的腳踵未沾河水，所以成為他的致命之處，容易遭受傷害。阿基里斯也正是因?yàn)槟_踵被箭擊中而死?，F(xiàn)在他的致命之處，容易遭受傷害。阿基里斯也正是因?yàn)槟_踵被箭擊中而死?，F(xiàn)在A(yíng)chilles heelAchilles heel喻指喻指“致命弱點(diǎn)，唯一弱點(diǎn)。例句中致命弱點(diǎn)，唯一弱點(diǎn)。例句中Achilles heelAchilles heel正是取了該意。正是取了該意。9 9His protean

27、personality fascinated his friends but at the same time caused them to His protean personality fascinated his friends but at the same time caused them to distrust himdistrust him 句中的句中的proteanprotean是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞ProteusProteus派生而來(lái)。派生而來(lái)。ProteusProteus是一位小海神，譯為普羅透斯。他是一位小海神，譯為普羅透斯。他是海神波塞冬是海神波塞冬P

28、oseidonPoseidon的仆人，能隨心所欲地改變自己的容貌。的仆人，能隨心所欲地改變自己的容貌。ProteusProteus現(xiàn)在喻指現(xiàn)在喻指“反復(fù)無(wú)常的反復(fù)無(wú)常的人或物；人或物；ProteanProtean喻指喻指“變化多端的；多才多藝的。例句中變化多端的；多才多藝的。例句中proteanprotean取取“變化多端的之意。個(gè)變化多端的之意。個(gè)性變化無(wú)常確實(shí)難以取信于人。性變化無(wú)常確實(shí)難以取信于人。 1010The police have had a Briarean grasp of the details of the murder caseThe police have had a

29、 Briarean grasp of the details of the murder case 句中的句中的BriareanBriarean是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞BriarensBriarens派生而來(lái)。派生而來(lái)。BriarensBriarens是希臘神話(huà)中的百手巨人，譯是希臘神話(huà)中的百手巨人，譯為布里阿柔斯。他幫助宙斯為布里阿柔斯。他幫助宙斯ZeusZeus與泰坦與泰坦TitanTitan作戰(zhàn)。作戰(zhàn)。BriareanBriarean現(xiàn)在喻指現(xiàn)在喻指“到處伸手的；多手到處伸手的；多手的；多方面的。例句中的；多方面的。例句中BriareanBriarean取取“多方面的之意

30、，多方面的之意，“警察已經(jīng)多方面掌握了該謀殺案的情況。警察已經(jīng)多方面掌握了該謀殺案的情況。 11. If you continue to keep in touch with the drugpusher, you will sup with Pluto. 11. If you continue to keep in touch with the drugpusher, you will sup with Pluto. PlutoPluto是希臘神話(huà)中掌管陰曹地府的冥王，譯為普路托。是希臘神話(huà)中掌管陰曹地府的冥王，譯為普路托。 sup with Pluto sup with Pluto直譯為直

31、譯為“與冥王共進(jìn)晚餐與冥王共進(jìn)晚餐，其比喻含義就是，其比喻含義就是“死亡。例句中死亡。例句中sup with Plutosup with Pluto正是取正是取“死亡之意。販毒分子是世界各國(guó)死亡之意。販毒分子是世界各國(guó)追捕的對(duì)象，與他們打交道無(wú)疑將自己推上了死亡之路。追捕的對(duì)象，與他們打交道無(wú)疑將自己推上了死亡之路。 1212The young people were all touched by the Orphean singerThe young people were all touched by the Orphean singer 句中的句中的OrpheanOrphean是形容詞，

32、由專(zhuān)有名詞是形容詞，由專(zhuān)有名詞OrpheusOrpheus派生而來(lái)。派生而來(lái)。OrpheusOrpheus是希臘神話(huà)中的詩(shī)人和音樂(lè)家，譯是希臘神話(huà)中的詩(shī)人和音樂(lè)家，譯為奧菲士。他的音樂(lè)今萬(wàn)物感動(dòng)。他的妻子歐律狄克為奧菲士。他的音樂(lè)今萬(wàn)物感動(dòng)。他的妻子歐律狄克EurydiceEurydice被蛇咬死，奧菲士含悲前往冥府被蛇咬死，奧菲士含悲前往冥府尋找。冥王為其悲歌所動(dòng)，放走了他的妻子，但命令他在未出冥府之前不可回首翹望。奧菲士在即尋找。冥王為其悲歌所動(dòng)，放走了他的妻子，但命令他在未出冥府之前不可回首翹望。奧菲士在即將出冥府那一刻，偶一回頭，只見(jiàn)自己的妻子在冥府口消失。將出冥府那一刻，偶一回頭，只

33、見(jiàn)自己的妻子在冥府口消失。OrpheanOrphean現(xiàn)在喻指現(xiàn)在喻指“迷人的；令人神往迷人的；令人神往的。例句中的。例句中OrpheanOrphean正是取了該意，正是取了該意，“這些年輕人都被這位迷人的歌手打動(dòng)了。這些年輕人都被這位迷人的歌手打動(dòng)了。希臘神話(huà)人物青銅時(shí)代的十二主神神王宙斯(Zeus) Zeus (Jupiter): Son of Cronus, overthrew(推翻 his father to free his five siblings兄弟姐妹 and rule the gods. Wielding the thunderbolt雷電), he is the most

34、 powerful of all the gods, but he is by no means invincible. On many occasions Zeus must bow to fate. He produces many other gods through his infidelity忠誠(chéng) and causes much conflict with his wife Hera. Mortals hold Zeus in the highest esteem(敬重) of all the gods. His bird is the eagle and his tree is t

35、he oak.天后赫拉(Hera) Hera (Juno): Wife and sister of Jupiter. She is a protector of marriage and often a goddess of childbirth. Her role in mythology is usually that of the jealous wife punishing the women with whom Zeus has sex. Her jealousy of Aphrodite causes her aggressive involvement in the Trojan

36、 War. In the tale of the Golden Fleece, she protects men. Cows and peacocks are sacred to her. Her favorite city is Argos.海神波塞冬Poseidon Poseidon (Neptune): One of the three Olympian brothers, Poseidon drew the lot for control of the ocean. Of the gods, he is second in power to Zeus. He is also known

37、 as the Earth shaker. He allegedly helped build the sacred walls of Troy. He gave the first horse to men and horses remained his sacred animal.冥神哈德斯(Hades) Hades (Pluto): The third of the Olympian brothers. He drew the lot to rule the underworld. Although he is allowed on Olympus, he is not truly we

38、lcome there. He made Persephonep:sefni (珀?duì)柸Ｄ?) his wife and rules with her as King of the dead.灶神赫斯提亞Hestia Zeus sister. God of the hearth(灶臺(tái)). The symble of the house around which new born child is carried before it is received into the family. Of all the olympians,she is the mildest,most upright

39、and most charitable.智慧女神雅典娜(Athene) Athena (Minerva): The daughter of Zeus who sprang from his head fully dressed in arms. She is often depicted as a warrior(武士 goddess as well as the goddess of wisdom. She is allowed to use her fathers weapons兵器. She is a virgin處女，純潔的. Her city is Athens; her tree

40、is the olive tree and her bird is the owl貓頭鷹.戰(zhàn)神阿瑞斯(Ares) Ares (Mars): The god of war, son of Zeus and Hera. He is hated for his inhumanity殘忍;暴虐 and brutality 暴虐行為 . He appears little in mythology and was loved more by the Romans than the Greeks. The vulture禿鷲 and the dog are sacred to him.太陽(yáng)神阿波羅(Apo

41、llo) Apollo: He is the son of Zeus and Leto. The god of poetry, music, archery and healing. He was born on Delos. He is called Pythonian from a python (蛇屬) he killed and Sminthian, the mouse god. The dolphin and the crow(烏鴉 ) are sacred to him. The laurel(月桂樹(shù)) is his tree.月神阿爾忒瑞斯(Artemis) Artemis (D

42、iana): The twin sister of Apollo. Artemis is a virgin huntress who also possesses aspects of the moon goddess Luna/Selene/Phoebe光明的. The cypress柏樹(shù) is her tree and deer are sacred to her although she is a patron of the forest and all things contained within.愛(ài)情女神阿佛洛狄忒(Aphrodite) Aphrodite (Venus): The

43、 goddess of love and beauty. Sometimes said to be a daughter of Zeus, sometimes a sister. In the Iliad?伊利亞特? she is the daughter of Zeus and Dione. In other places, she was born from the sea near Cythereasri . Her beauty is often wicked or destructive. She is married to Hephaestus, although she ofte

44、n cheats on him. The myrtle is her tree. The sparrow, dove, and swan天鵝 are her birds.火神匠神赫菲斯托斯(Hephaestus Hephaestus (Vulcan): The son of Hera; was cast out of heaven either by Zeus or his mother. Although he loves peace, he is the god of the forge(鍛造) and makes the most highly esteemed weapons in t

45、he world. He is a patron of craftsmen(名匠 ) and an omen(前兆) of civilization. He is kind and peace loving. He is the only god to be physically ugly. He is also lame. 他是諸神的工匠，具有高超的技巧，制造了許多著名的神兵神器。傳說(shuō)阿波羅駕駛的日車(chē)、厄洛斯的金箭銀箭、宙斯的神盾都是他制造的。神使赫爾墨斯Heimes Son of Zeus. God of commerce. Messanger for all the other gods

46、. Guide for the died to the underworld. He is thecleverest of the olympian gods. He is the fastest of the gods. He wears winged sand- als,a winged hat,and carries a magic wand(棒).Pandoras box In classical Greek mythology, Pandora was the first woman on Earth. Zeus ordered Hephaestus to create her. S

47、o he did, using water and earth. The gods endowed her with many gifts: Athena clothed her, Aphrodite gave her beauty, Apollo gave her musical ability, and Hermes gave her speech. When Prometheus stole fire from heaven, Zeus took vengeance by presenting Pandora to Prometheus brother Epimetheus. Pando

48、ra was given a wedding gift of a beautiful jar, with instructions to not open it under any circumstance. Impelled by her curiosity (given to her by the gods), Pandora opened it and all evil contained in there escaped and spread over the earth. She hastened to close the container, but the whole conte

49、nts had escaped, except for one thing that lay at the bottom the Spirit of Hope. 在古典希臘神話(huà)，潘多拉是地球上的第一個(gè)女人。宙斯命令赫創(chuàng)造她。所以赫用水和土創(chuàng)造了她。神賦予她許多禮物： 雅典娜、 阿芙羅狄蒂給了她的美貌、 阿波羅給了她音樂(lè)的能力，赫爾墨斯給了她演講能力。 當(dāng)普羅米修斯偷了天堂之火時(shí)，宙斯普羅米修斯的弟弟 Epimetheus 提出潘多拉報(bào)仇。潘多拉是鑒于結(jié)婚禮物的一個(gè)美麗的罐子里，不翻開(kāi)它在任何情況下的說(shuō)明。她 (送給她的神) 的好奇心的驅(qū)使，潘多拉翻開(kāi)了它和其中所載的所有罪惡逃脫和遍布地球。她急

50、忙關(guān)閉的容器，但整個(gè)內(nèi)容逃了出來(lái)，除了一件事，躺在底部 希望精神，An apple of discord“不和的金蘋(píng)果In ancient Greek mythology legends,Peleus and Thetis invited all the gods of Olympus except the goddess Eris. Eris put an inscription “for the most beautiful the words of the golden apple, secretly on the weeding banquet, causing days of the

51、 goddess Athena and Hera wise God of love and beauty Venuss competition, all of them want to keep for themselves. Zeus said Trojan prince Paris could make the evaluation. Finally, apple belongs to Aphrodite. Since then, Hera and Athena hated the king of Troy and Paris. With the help of Zeus, they ha

52、d their revenge, leading to the Trojan War lasted ten years, and finally end with the fall of Troy.在古希臘神話(huà)中傳說(shuō)，帕里斯在古希臘神話(huà)中傳說(shuō)，帕里斯Peleus和西迪斯和西迪斯Thetis舉行婚禮時(shí)，舉行婚禮時(shí)，邀請(qǐng)奧林匹斯山的眾神參加，卻忘了專(zhuān)司爭(zhēng)吵的女神厄里斯邀請(qǐng)奧林匹斯山的眾神參加，卻忘了專(zhuān)司爭(zhēng)吵的女神厄里斯(Eris)。厄里斯。厄里斯就把一只上面刻著就把一只上面刻著“送給最美麗的人字樣的金蘋(píng)果偷偷放在婚禮宴會(huì)上，送給最美麗的人字樣的金蘋(píng)果偷偷放在婚禮宴會(huì)上，引起天后赫拉引起天后赫拉He

53、ra、智慧女神雅典娜、智慧女神雅典娜Athena和愛(ài)與美女神阿佛洛和愛(ài)與美女神阿佛洛狄忒狄忒Aphrodite的爭(zhēng)奪，個(gè)個(gè)都想占為己有。后來(lái)特洛伊王子的爭(zhēng)奪，個(gè)個(gè)都想占為己有。后來(lái)特洛伊王子Paris出來(lái)評(píng)判，讓給了阿佛洛狄忒出來(lái)評(píng)判，讓給了阿佛洛狄忒Aphrodite。從此赫拉和雅典娜就對(duì)帕里。從此赫拉和雅典娜就對(duì)帕里斯和特洛伊王懷恨在心，并借宙斯的報(bào)復(fù)下，導(dǎo)致歷時(shí)十年的特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，斯和特洛伊王懷恨在心，并借宙斯的報(bào)復(fù)下，導(dǎo)致歷時(shí)十年的特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，終以特洛伊的陷落而結(jié)束終以特洛伊的陷落而結(jié)束Trojan Wooden Horse In the Trojan War, all the Greek city-states, in order to help Menelaus the king of Sparta recapture his beautiful and beloved wife Helen, they concentrated their soldiers to fight against Troy, but the Trojans were courageous and tenacious, the war lasted nine years.Later a Greek military called Odysseus came up w