高考英語二輪專題語法學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)講義虛擬語氣語法講義19wishasififonlywouldrather虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)知識點總結(jié)

1、高中英語語法學(xué)習(xí)/復(fù)習(xí)講義虛擬語氣語法知識點講義19【精講版全國通用】wish，as if，if only，would rather虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)知識點總結(jié)wish后賓語從句用虛擬語氣一、用法說明動詞wish后接賓語從句時，從句謂語要用虛擬語氣。若要表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望，從句謂語用一般過去時或過去進(jìn)行時；若表示與過去相反的愿望，從句謂語用過去完成時或would / could+have +過去分詞；若表示將來沒有把握或不太可能實現(xiàn)的愿望，用would (could)動詞原形。如：I wish I were not so busy.但愿我不那樣忙碌。I wish I were was bett

2、er looking.要是我長得漂亮些就好了。She wished she had stayed at home.她后悔的是她當(dāng)時要是留在家里就好了。I wish you would go with us tomorrow.要是你明天同我們一起去就好了。I wish you wouldnt look down on this kind of work.我希望你不要看不起這種工作。This watch has gone wrong. I wish I had bought a better make.這只表壞了，我真愿意我買的是好一點的牌子。I wishyou wouldnt smoke any

3、 more.我希望你不再抽煙了。I wishyou would be more respectful to your father.我希望你對你父親更尊敬些。I wishI could be of some use.我希望我能有什么用處。二、特別注意從句的時態(tài)只與從句所指的時間有關(guān)，而與wish的時態(tài)無關(guān)，比較：I wish I were rich.要是我現(xiàn)在有錢就好了。I wishI had been rich.要是那時我有錢就好了。I wished I were rich.當(dāng)時我后悔自己沒有錢。I wished I had been rich.當(dāng)時我后悔自己曾經(jīng)沒有錢。if only后的句

4、子用虛擬語氣if only與I wish一樣，也用于表示與事實相反的愿望，其后所虛擬語氣的時態(tài)與wish后所接時態(tài)的情況相同：If onlyshe had had more courage!她再勇敢一些就好了。If onlyit would stop raining!雨要是停了就好了。If onlyhe didnt drive so fast.但愿他車沒開得那么快。If onlyI were was better looking.要是我長得漂亮些就好了。If onlyI had listened to my parents!我要是當(dāng)時聽了父母的話就好了。If onlyshe would go

5、with me!她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!【友情提示】if only通常獨立使用，沒有主句。as if (though)從句用虛擬語氣一、基本用法以as if (as though)引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句或表語從句，有時用虛擬語氣，若表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時；若表示與過去事實相反，用過去完成時；表示將來的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+動詞原形：He acts as if he knew me.他顯得認(rèn)識我似的。They treat me as though I were a stranger.他們待我如陌生人。He talks as if he had

6、been abroad.他說起話來好像曾經(jīng)出過國。二、兩點說明(1)從句所表示的內(nèi)容若為事實或可能為事實，也可用陳述語氣：It looks as if well be late.我們似乎要遲到了。This meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.這肉吃起來似乎已經(jīng)壞了。在現(xiàn)代英語中，有時即使從句內(nèi)容不是事實，也可能用陳述語氣：I feel as if as though Im floating on air.他感到好像漂浮在空中。The stuffed dog barked as if it is were, was a real one.玩具狗叫起

7、來像真狗。(2)注意It isnt as if的翻譯：It isnt as if he were poor.他不像窮的樣子(或他又不窮)。It isnt as if you were going away for good.又不是你離開不回來了。would rather后句子用虛擬語氣would rather后接句子時，句子謂語習(xí)慣上要用虛擬語氣，具體用法為：1一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿鸌d rather you went tomorrow (now).我寧愿你明天(現(xiàn)在)去。Id rather you came next Saturday.我寧愿你下星期六來。Id rather you

8、were happy.我愿你快樂。Id rather she sat next to me.我寧愿她挨著我坐。Id rather Jack left on an earlier train.我寧愿杰克乘前一班火車走。You always go without me and ld rather you didnt.你總是不帶我去，我可不愿意你這樣。“Shall I open the window? ” “Id rather you didnt. ”“我要不要把窗子打開? ” “我看不要打開好?！?.用過去完成時表過去的愿望Id rather you hadnt said it.我真希望你沒有這樣說過。Id rather you hadnt done that.我寧愿你沒這樣做。ld rather you had been / hadnt been present。我(寧)愿你當(dāng)時在