英語名詞性從句詳解PPT課件

1、判斷下列是什么從句：1. Where he was born was unknown to us.2. I dont know where he was born.3. The unknown was where he was born.第1頁/共51頁4. I dont know the fact where he was born.5. He worked where he was born.6. He worked in the city where he was born.第2頁/共51頁I dont know where he was born.He worked where he

2、was born.辨析：賓語從句辨析：賓語從句VS狀語從句狀語從句第3頁/共51頁I dont know the fact where he was born.He worked in the city where he was born.辨析：定語從句辨析：定語從句VS同位語從句同位語從句第4頁/共51頁復(fù)合句、主句、從句的概復(fù)合句、主句、從句的概念念復(fù)合句又稱主從復(fù)合句，由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成，主句為句子的主體，從句不能獨立，只能用作句子的一個成分，如主語、表語、賓語、定語、同位語、狀語。從句擔(dān)任哪個句子成分，這個從句就叫該成分的的從句。第5頁/共51頁英語中的從句有：英語中

3、的從句有： 狀語從句 定語從句 主語從句 賓語從句 表語從句 同位語從句GOGOGO第6頁/共51頁狀語從句：狀語從句：時間狀語從句地點狀語從句條件狀語從句原因狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句方式狀語從句讓步狀語從句比較狀語從句狀語從句是副詞狀語從句是副詞性修飾性從句性修飾性從句第7頁/共51頁定語從句：定語從句：限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句定語從句是形容詞定語從句是形容詞性修飾性從句性修飾性從句第8頁/共51頁名詞性從句的概念名詞性從句的概念 名詞在句子中一般可以充當主語、表語、賓語、同位語。從句在語法功能上相當于名詞，也可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語、同位語。因此，主語從句、主語從句、賓語從句、表語

4、從句、同位語從賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句名詞性從句。 第9頁/共51頁名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類： 1連接詞 2連接代詞 3連接副詞GOGOGOGOGOGO第10頁/共51頁連接詞：連接詞： that whether if (一般僅用于賓語從句) as if (用于表語從句) 它們不充當從句的任何成分第11頁/共51頁連接代詞：連接代詞： what whatever who whoever whom whose which第12頁/共51頁連接副詞：連接副詞： when where why because how how組成的詞

5、組如：how many,how long, how far 等第13頁/共51頁學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句的要點學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句的要點1、名詞性從句的語序的考查2、名詞性從句的連接詞的考查3、賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)4、同位語從句的辨別和引導(dǎo)詞的選擇GOGOGOGOGOGO第14頁/共51頁名詞性從句的語序的考查名詞性從句的語序的考查1.What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.2. The question is whether she is coming. 3. Could you tell

6、 me where he lives?4.I had no idea whether he will come on time?第15頁/共51頁名詞性從句要求使用陳述句語序，而不是一般疑問句的語序。注意：注意：第16頁/共51頁that和what的運用 he wants is a book. light travels in straight lines is known to all.WhatThat第17頁/共51頁 The result is we won the game . That is we are looking for.thatwhat第18頁/共51頁 Please te

7、ll us is happening there. We should pay attention to the teacher is saying. I dont know she is coming.whatwhatthat第19頁/共51頁The news China succeeded in sending up a manned spaceship was exciting. The news he told us was exciting.thatthat第20頁/共51頁注意：注意： that和what都可以引導(dǎo)主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句，that在從句中不充當任何成分，只起連

8、接作用；what在從句中不僅起連接作用，還在從句中充當成分。 what一般不用來引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 what不能用作關(guān)系代詞，因此也不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。第21頁/共51頁that的省略（的省略（1）I dont think that she is coming.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.He told me that his parents had died in the accident and that he had to make a living all by himself.( )( )thatthat

9、第22頁/共51頁that的省略（的省略（2） That he is top in his class makes his parents very happy. Its pity that he has made such a mistake. The reason is that he is careless. The news that our basketball team won the match made us excited.Thatthatthatthat第23頁/共51頁注意：單個賓語從句中的that可以省略；但用it作形式賓語的賓語從句、并列賓語從句中第二個及以后賓語從句

10、中的that不可以省略。主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中的that一般不可以省略。第24頁/共51頁 if和和whether的運用的運用（1） we will go to town tomorrow depends on the weather. The question is he should do it. The doctor cant answer the question the old man can survive the operation. Whetherwhetherwhether第25頁/共51頁if和和whether的運用（的運用（2） I asked him he c

11、ould finish the job on time. Do you know we are worried about he is safe? I dont know he could finish the job on time or not. whether / ifwhetherwhether第26頁/共51頁注意：注意：引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句只能用whether。引導(dǎo)賓語從句時應(yīng)注意： （1）動詞后的賓語從句可以用if，也可以用whether。 （2）介詞后的賓語從句只能用whether。 （3）賓語從句中有or not時，一般用whether。第27頁/共51頁wha

12、t和和which的運用的運用 There are so many things. I dont know I have to choose. The books are so good and useful. I dont know I have to choose.what 泛指的事物，沒有一定的范圍which 特定事物中的“哪一個”，有一定的范圍whatwhich第28頁/共51頁why和和because運運用用His car broke down on the way. That was he was late. 他的車在路上拋錨了，那就是他遲到的緣故。Why did he fail i

13、n the exam? That was he was careless.why強調(diào)結(jié)果；because強調(diào)原因。whybecause第29頁/共51頁who和whoever的運用 Whoever/Who breaks the law should be punished. I will give this book to whoever/who needs it.第30頁/共51頁what和whatever的運用 We will do whatever/what we can to help you. Whatever/What he says is always reasonable.第3

14、1頁/共51頁which和whichever的運用 You may take whichever/ which you like.第32頁/共51頁注意：在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時，who、what、which有疑問意味；whoever、whatever、whichever是它們的強勢語，不含有疑問意味。如： I dont know broke the window. I dont know I should choose.whowhat/which第33頁/共51頁其他連接詞的運用其他連接詞的運用思考：橫線上可以填那些連接詞？I dont know we will go.第34頁/共51頁根據(jù)回答選

15、擇適當?shù)倪B接詞：根據(jù)回答選擇適當?shù)倪B接詞：I dont know we will go. We wont.I dont know we will go. Next Sunday.whether / ifwhen第35頁/共51頁I dont know we will go. The factory where his father works.I dont know we will go. By bus.howwhere第36頁/共51頁I dont know we will go. To give them a hand with their work.I dont know we will

16、 go. I dont know, either.that/whetherwhy第37頁/共51頁賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)He believes that his dream will come true one day.Please tell me what you think of the plan.第38頁/共51頁He told me that he was preparing for the coming mid-term examination.He said that he had been away from his hometown for ten years.H

17、e asked me where I lived.第39頁/共51頁The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.第40頁/共51頁同位語從句的辨別和引導(dǎo)詞的選同位語從句的辨別和引導(dǎo)詞的選擇擇I dont know the fact where he was born.He worked in the city where he was born.第41頁/共51頁名詞性從句中名詞性從句中it的運用的運用 it作形式主語作形式主語 it作形式賓語第42頁/共51頁it作形式主語作形式主語 主語從句有時會

18、很長，復(fù)合句就顯得頭重腳輕，因此，可以把主語從句移到復(fù)合句后面，而在句首使用it作形式主語。用itit作形式主語的thatthat從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系：It + be + adj. + that-clauseIt + be + P.P.+ that-clauseIt + be + n.+ that-clauseIt + vi + that-clause第43頁/共51頁It + be + adj.+ that-clause It is necessary that有必要 It is important that重要的是 It is obvious that很明顯第44頁/共51頁It + be + P.P. + that-clause It is believed that 人們相信 It is known to all that 從所周知 It has been decided that