Book8_U4_語法

1、 第 PAGE 8 頁 共 NUMPAGES 8 頁 強調句 強調是為了對一定語境下的部分內容進行突出而采取的一種修辭手法。強調方式有很多種，主要是為了突出信息。有些是語法上的需要，同時也對信息起到強調作用。強調句的常見用法如下：1. 用強調句型：“It is（was）被強調的部分that（who）+原句其它部分”來強調說話人的意愿。 對主語進行強調：It was I that/who didnt realize all my mistakes until you told me yesterday. 對賓語進行強調：It was all my mistakes that I didnt re

2、alize until you told me yesterday. 對狀語進行強調：It was not until you told me yesterday that I realized all my mistakes.2. 用助動詞“do/does/did動詞原形”來表示強調： He does know the place well. 他的確很熟悉這個地方。 Do write to me when you get there. 你到那兒后務必給我來信。 3. 用形容詞very，only，single，such等修飾名詞或形容詞來加強語氣： Thats the very textboo

3、k we used last term. 這正是我們上學期用過的教材。 You are the only person here who can speak Chinese. 你是這里唯一會講漢語的人。 Not a single person has been in the shop this morning. 今天上午這個商店里連一個人都沒有。 How dare you buy such expensive jewels? 你怎么敢買這么貴的寶石呢？ 4. 用ever，never，very，just等副詞和badly，highly，really等帶有-ly的副詞來進行強調： Why ever

4、 did you do so? 你究竟為什么要這么做？ He never said a word the whole day. 一整天，他一句話也沒說。 Youve got to be very, very careful. 你一定得非常、非常小心。 This is just what I wanted. 這正是我所要的。 He was badly wounded. 他傷得很嚴重。 I really dont know what to do next. 我的確不知道下一步該怎么做。 5. 用in the world，on earth，at all等介詞短語可以表達更強的語氣（常用于疑問句）：

5、Where in the world could he be? 他到底會在哪兒？ What on earth is it? 它究竟是什么？ Do you know at all? 你到底知不知道？ 6. 用感嘆句來表示強烈的感情，突出說話人的情感： How interesting a story it is! 這是一個多么有趣的故事?。?What a beautiful day! 多好的天氣??！ 7. 用倒裝句（也就是將要強調的句子或被強調的部分置于句首）來加強語氣： On the table were some flowers. 桌上擺著一些花。（強調地點） Many a time have

6、 I climbed that hill. 我多次翻過那座山。 Only in this way, can we solve this problem. 只有這樣，我們才能解決這個問題。 8. 用If來表示強調： 1）If從句I dont know who/what, etc. does/is/has, etc.；主語部分也可以用nobody does/is/has, etc. 或everybody does/is/has, etc. 來代替（這里的if從句往往是正話反說，反話正說）： If he cant do it, I dont know who can.要是他做不了這件事，我不知道還有

7、誰能做。（強調只有他能做） If Jim is a coward, everybody is.要是吉姆是個膽小鬼，那么人人都是膽小鬼。（強調吉姆不是膽小鬼） 2）if從句it be主句（把所要強調的內容放在it be的后面，把其它內容放在由if引導的從句中）： If anyone knew the truth, it was Tom. 如果說誰了解事實的真相，那便是湯姆。 If there is one thing he loves, it is money. 如果說世界上還有他愛的東西，那便是金錢。 強調的類型、結構及例句類型結構例句用詞或短語幫助強調a. so + adj./adv.b.

8、such + adj. + n.c. really +v./adj.d. just + v./adv.a. Everyone was so excited about her speech.b. It was such an interesting television show.c. I really want to see it again.d. He arrived just as I was leaving.強調句型a. 陳述句：It is /was +強調部分+that (who/whom) +其他成分b. 一般疑問句：Is/Was it + 被強調部分+ that +其他成分c.

9、特殊問句：疑問詞+is/was +it +that+其他成分a. It is they that/who will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.b. Is it the dictionary that you are looking for at present?c. What is it that you want me to do?助動詞幫助強調do/does/did +v(原型)Do be careful!He did tell me the news.She does love talking.強調的類型、結構的相關訓練類型結構訓練練習用詞或

10、短語幫助強調a. so + adj./adv.b. such + adj. + n.c. really +v./adj.d. just + v./adv.1) He saw _ (如此多)new things that he couldnt remember them all.2) I ate _ (如此多)food that I was almost ill.3) I have never been _ (如此窮而不能) that I am not able to afford a meal.4) It was _(如此好的一天) that we decided to go for a pi

11、cnic.5) She told _ (如此好玩的笑話)that she was well received by us.6) He made _ (如此快的進步)that we all felt proud of him.7) I _ （真地不想要）any more coffee.8) Answer me, dont_(只是站在那兒) laughing.Keys: 1) so many 2) so much 3) so poor that 4) such a lovely day 5) such funny jokes 6) such rapid progress 7) dont reall

12、y want 8) just stand there強調句型a. 陳述句：It is /was +強調部分+that (who/whom) +其他成分b. 一般疑問句：Is/Was it + 被強調部分+ that +其他成分c. 特殊問句：疑問詞+is/was +it +that+其他成分1) 這就是我正在找的字典。_I am looking for.2) 他想申請的是這家公司嗎？ _he wants to apply for?3) 你們是在哪里買到這本小說的？_?Key: 1) It is the dictionary that2) Is this the company that3) W

13、here was it that you bought the novel助動詞幫助強調do/does/did +v(原型)1) 我們真的想擁有一個精彩的節(jié)日。_.2）我的確認為兔子是一種美麗溫和的動物。_.Keys: 1) We did want to have a wonderful festival.2) I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal.強調句型的被強調成分及例句強調句型的被強調成分例句主語It is I who/that am wrong this time.It is not only blind men who

14、/that make such stupid mistake.賓語It was him that/who/whom we met at the school gate.It was a key that I found in his pocket.狀語It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?It was in this way that the firefighters rescued the little girl in the burning

15、building.It was because her mother was ill that she didnt go to work. 強調句型的注意點及例句強調句型的注意點例句主謂一致：被強調部分作主語時，其形式與謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致It is your father who/that is wrong this time.It is his parents who/that have come to China.人稱照應：強調主語用主格，強調賓語用賓格It is I that/who am wrong.It was her that/whom I saw in the stre

16、et just now.not until句型的強調結構：It is/was not +until時間狀語或從句+that+主語+v(過去式)+其他成分It was not until at that time that I realized what trouble he was in.It was not until the bell rang that the teacher stopped his lesson. 強調句型的注意點的相關訓練強調句型的注意點例句主謂一致：被強調部分作主語時，其形式與謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致1) It is Mary who often _ (help

17、) me with my English.2) It is I that _ (be) against you.3) It is the boy students of Class Two who _ (be) playing football on the playground.Keys: 1) helps 2) am 3) are人稱照應：強調主語用主格，強調賓語用賓格1) 這次得冠軍的是她。 It was _ that won the _ this time. 2) 你明天要去采訪的是他。_.Keys: 1) she; championship2) It is him who you w

18、ill interview tomorrow.notuntil句型的強調結構：It is/was not +until時間狀語或從句+that+主語+v(過去式)+其他成分1) I didnt realize what trouble he was in until that time.（對劃線部分強調）_.2) The teacher didnt stop his lesson until the bell rang. (改成強調句） _.3) 直到他父親來了男孩才開始做作業(yè)。_.1) It was not until at that time that I realized what tr

19、ouble he was in.2) It was not until the bell rang that the teacher stopped his lesson.3) It was not until his father came that the boy began to do his homework. 強調句型與定語從句等的比較句式例句區(qū)別方法強調句與定語從句的比較（強調句）It is around the corner that accidents often happen. （定語從句）It is the corner where accidents often happ

20、en.（強調句）It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday. （定語從句）It was midnight when I got back home yesterday. 把it is/was that 去掉，仍能組成一個完整的句子就是強調句；反之，就不是。強調句與時間狀語從句（強調句）It was two years ago that I began to learn English.（時間狀語從句）It is two years since I began to learn English. （強調句）It was two years

21、later that he came back from abroad. （時間狀語從句）It was two years before he came back from abroad.強調句與主語從句（強調句）It is football that not all boys like.（主語從句）It is clear that not all boys like football.not until強調句與倒裝句（強調句）It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous fi

22、lm star.（倒裝句）Not until she took off her dark glasses did I recognize she was a famous film star.強調句型與定語從句等的相關訓練句式例句強調句與定語從句的比較1) It is in this shop _ a customer was robbed by a man with a mask covering his face. 2) It is the shop_ a customer was robbed by a man with a mask covering his face.A. that

23、B. which C. where D. /Keys: A C強調句與時間狀語從句1) It was three months ago _ he began to learn French.2) It is three months _ he began to learn English.3) It was three months _ he came back from abroad.A. that B. when C. before D. sinceKeys: A D C強調句與主語從句1) It is Maths _ not all girls are good at.2) It is

24、obvious _ not all girls are good at Maths.A. that B. which C. what D. /Keys: A Anot until強調句與倒裝句1) It was not until the teacher came close _.2) Not until the teacher came close_.A. that he noticed her B. did he notice her C. that he didnt notice her D. didnt he notice herKeys: A B練習:一、單項選擇:1. It wil

25、l be three years _ we get together again. A. that B. when C. since D. before2. It was through Xiao Li _ I got to know Xiao Wang.A. whoB. whomC. howD. that3. It was in the rice fields _ we had our league meeting.A. whereB. thatC. in whichD. on which4. It was on October 1st _ new China was founded.A.

26、whichB. whenC. asD. that5. Was it because he was ill _ he asked for leave?A. andB. thatC. thats D. so6. Mary speaks in a low voice; _ is difficult to know what she is saying.A. itB. thatC. soD. she7. It was _ I met Mr Green in Shanghai.A. many years that B. many years beforeC. many years ago that D.

27、 many years when8. _ is not everybody _ can draw so well.A. It, allB. It, that C. There, whoD. There, that9. Its the third time _ I have been here.A. thatB. whenC. afterD. who10. It was simply for that reason _ I wouldnt tell him the truth.A. whyB. whichC. soD. that11. Was it in 1969 _ the American

28、astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon Quite right. A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in 12. It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. what; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what13. _ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There; whether B. It; thatC. The

29、re; that D. It; whether 14. Where was you picked up the wallet Just near the school gate. A. it B. it that C. the place D. the place that 15. I must find out why so many students made the same mistake. A. is it that B. was it which C. it is what D. it was that 16. is a fact that English is being acc

30、epted as an international language. A. There B. It C. That D. This17. Our classroom is very clean. Do you know who cleaned it A. was it that B. it was that C. was it who D. he was 18. Is it in the factory you visited last week this kind of car is made A.；that B. where；when C. where；that D.；when 19.

31、It was _ 1920 regular radio broadcasts began. A. until; when B. not until; when C. until; that D. not until; that 20. It is ten years _ Miss Gao returned to China. A. that B. when C. since D. as21. Was it in the place _ the last emperor died? A. whereB. thatC. whichD. in which22. It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A. wasB. wereC. areD. had been23. He said, “_ a long way to school. _ a long way to go yet before we arrive.”A. It is, It isB. There is, There isC. There is, It isD. It is, There