商務(wù)英語綜合教程（上冊）Unit 5 World Tourism Organisation

1、 Unit Five World Tourism OrganizationIntroduction As a leading international organization in the field of travel and tourism, World Tourism Organization serves as a global forum for tourism policy issues and a practical source of tourism know-how. It has three membership categories full, associate a

2、nd affiliate members. It is involved in global and regional activities, which aims to facilitate world travel through elimination or reduction of governmental measures for international travel. Text Exercises Related Technical Terms Grammar 1 The World Tourism Organization (WTO) is the most widely r

3、ecognized and one of the leading international organizations in the field of travel and tourism today. It serves as a global forum for tourism policy issues and a practical source of tourism know-how. Its membership includes138 countries and territories and more than 350 affiliate members representi

4、ng local government, tourism associations, educational institutions, and private sector companies, including airlines, hotel groups, and tour operators. With its headquarters in Madrid, WTO is an intergovernmental body entrusted by the United Nations with the promotion and development of tourism. Th

5、rough tourism, WTO aims to stimulate economic growth and job creation, provide incentives for protecting the environment and heritage of destinations, promote peace and understanding among all the nations of the world.Text 2 The World Tourism Organization had its beginnings as the International Unio

6、n of Official Tourist Publicity Organizations set up in 1925 in The Hague. It was renamed the International Union for Official Tourism Organizations (IUOTO) after World War II and moved to Geneva. IUOTO was renamed the World Tourism Organization (WTO), and its first General Assembly was held in Madr

7、id in May 1975. The Secretariat was installed in Madrid early the following year at the invitation of the Spanish government, which provides a building for the headquarters. In 1976, WTO became an executing agency of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP); in 1977, a formal cooperation agreem

8、ent was signed with the United Nations itself. Text 3 Although its members include many developed countries including Canada, the United States, Australia, Germany, and France WTO generally aims to promote and develop tourism with particular emphasis on the interests of the developing countries. WTO

9、 has three membership categories full, associate, and affiliate members. Its 109 Full Members in 1989 were the national governments of countries, and there were an additional 4 Associate Member territorial governments (including Puerto Rico). WTOs affiliate members are international and regional tou

10、rism bodies such as theText Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA), European Travel Commission (ETC), and Caribbean Tourism Organization (CTO) and private sector companies, associations, and educational institutions. 4 Three main groups are responsible for the policies and programs of WTO. The WTO S

11、ecretariat consists of the Secretary General of WTO and the full-time WTO staff located in Madrid. The General Assembly, held every two years, brings together all members to consider WTOs policies and programs. The General Assembly has created six Regional Commissions representing Africa, the Americ

12、as, Europe, Middle East, the PacificText and East Asia, and South Asia, who oversee the implementation of WTO programs in their respective regions. The third WTO body is its Executive Council, consisting of one member for every five Full Members. This Council meets at least twice a year to take what

13、ever measures are necessary to implement the decisions and recommendations of the previous General Assembly. 5 WTO is engaged in many activities. The transfer of tourism know-how to developing countries is a major task. Here WTO contributes decades of experience in tourism to the sustainable develop

14、ment goals of nations throughout the world. WTO projects are based on the policy of sustainability, ensuring that the economic benefits of Text tourism development are not offset by damage to the environment or to local culture. 6 WTO is well known for its statistics and market research. Research ha

15、s been one of WTOs most important contributions. Their work here has set international standards for tourism measurement and reporting, measured the impact of tourism on national economies, produced forecasts, examined trends, and made the results available in publication. Text 7 Human resource deve

16、lopment is another WTO goal. In cooperation with its network of 14 Education and Training Centers throughout the world, WTO sets standards for tourism education. The newly developed Graduate Tourism Aptitude Test (GTAT) is an example of their efforts to encourage standardization of curricula and to

17、make degree in tourism more internationally comparable. WTO also offers seminars, distance learning courses, and practicum courses for tourism officials from member countries. Text 8 WTO attempts to facilitate world travel through elimination or reduction of governmental measures for international t

18、ravel as well as standardization of requirements for passports, visas and so forth. They also work to improve the promotional efforts of member governments through effective media relations and serve as a clearinghouse for international tourism information. 9 In addition to these global activities W

19、TO engages in regional activities. Each region of the worldAfrica, Americas, East Asia and the Pacific, Europe, Middle East and South Asia receives special attention from that regions representative as the WTO RepresentativesText meet with top tourism officials from each of the countries in their re

20、gion to analyze problems and help seek solutions, act as a liaison between tourism authorities and the UNDP to create specific development projects, organize national seminars of topics of particular relevance to an individual country, such as Tourism Promotion in Mexico or Ecotourism in Kyrgyzstan,

21、 and hold regional conferences on problems that are shared by many countries so that members can exchange experiences and work toward common goals, such as Safety and Security in Eastern Europe or Aviation and Tourism Policy in the Caribbean. Text 10 They are also involved in regional promotion proj

22、ects. The Silk Road and the Slave Route are two projects, being implemented in the cooperation with the United Nations Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Launched in 1994, WTOs Silk Road Project aims to revitalize through tourism the ancient highways used by Marco Polo and the caravan tr

23、aders who came after him. The Silk Road stretches 12,000 km from Asia to Europe. Sixteen Silk Road countries have joined forces for this project: Japan, Republic of Korea, DPR Korea, China, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Georgia, Gree

24、ce, Text and Egypt. Joint promotional activities include a brochure and video, familiarization trips, and special events at major tourism trade fairs. The Slave Route, initiated in 1995 as part of the United Nations International Year of Tolerance, aims to boost cultural tourism to western African n

25、ations. Its immediate goals are to restore monuments, enhance history museums, and launch joint promotional campaigns in selected tourism generating markets, which will motivate foreign visitors to learn about the history of these countries and discover their roots. The project is expected to expand

26、ed in the future to include other nations in southern and eastern Africa, as well as countries in the Caribbean.Text 11 WTO is primarily financed by members contributions. Full members pay an annual quota calculated according to the level of economic development and the importance of tourism in each

27、 country. Associate members pay a fixed annual contribution of US$20,000 and affiliate members pay US$1,700 a year. WTOs budget for the two-year period 19961997 totaled US$18,099,000. Membership dues accounted for 90 percent of the budget, with the reminder coming from UNDP support cost, investment

28、income, and sales of publications and electronic products. Text 1. WTO: World Tourism Organization Notes 世界旅游組織，總部設(shè)在西班牙首都馬德里Madrid,中國于1983年10月正式參加。 2. It serves as a global forum for tourism policy issues and a practical source of tourism know-how. Notes 在這句話中，serve as 意為do work as, give service as類

29、似例句如：He has served the company for 50years, first as office boy and eventually as managing director. 3. WTO aims to stimulate economic growth and job creation, provide incentives for protecting the environment and heritage of destination, and promote peace and understanding among all the nations of

30、the world. Notes 世界旅游組織致力于刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，創(chuàng)造就業(yè)時機(jī)，獎勵環(huán)境和文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)行為，促進(jìn)世界各國和平相處、相互理解。 在這句話中，謂語是由aim to do (致力于) 引出的三個不定式短語組成，為平行結(jié)構(gòu)，層次清楚地說明了世界旅游組織的三個目標(biāo)。4. IUOTO: the International Union for Official Tourism Organization Notes 國際官方旅游組織聯(lián)盟，世界旅游組織的前身。 5. PATA : Pacific Asia Travel Association Notes 亞太地區(qū)旅游協(xié)會，成立于1952年,是具

31、有廣泛代表性和影響力的民間國際旅游組織,以促進(jìn)亞太地區(qū)旅游業(yè)開展為宗旨,在整個亞太地區(qū)以至世界的旅游開發(fā)、宣傳、培訓(xùn)和合作等方面發(fā)揮著重要作用,受到該地區(qū)旅游業(yè)界的普遍重視。 6. In cooperation with its network of 14 Education and Training Centers throughout the world, WTO sets standards for tourism education.Notes 在這句話中，set standards for意為：to fix or establish standards for 類似的句子如： The

32、 government has set strict limits on pay increases. 7. The project is expected to be expanded in the future to include other nations in southern and eastern Africa, as well as countries in the Caribbean. Notes 在這句話中，be expected 意為：be believed that something will happen 類似的例句如： His weakness after ill

33、ness is to be expected. 8. Associate members pay a fixed annual contribution of U.S.$ 20,000 and affiliate members pay U.S.$1,700 a year. Notes 準(zhǔn)會員支付固定年費(fèi)為20,000美元，觀察員組織每年支付1,700美元。 I. Answer the following questions according to the text. 1. Where is the headquarters of World Tourism Organization? 2.

34、 What does the World Tourism Organization aim to do ? 3. What are the three main groups which are responsible for the policies and programs of WTO? 4. What activities is WTO engaged in? 5. How is WTO financed? Exercises II. Word Study. Wordsin-Wordsim- gloriousmoralarticulatepatientcapablebalancecau

35、tiouspoliteExercises 1. The prefixes in- and im- are used to form words of the opposite meaning. eg. possible-impossible formal- informal Now complete the following:Exercises Wordsin-Wordsim- gloriousingloriousmoralimmoralarticulateinarticulatepatientimpatientcapableincapablebalanceimbalancecautious

36、incautiouspoliteimpoliteKey2. Fill in the blanks. 1. He has not the technical _to attempt this repair job.2. We ve got to try and _our salesmen to fulfill the marketing goal.3. The desert _away as far as the eye could see.4. If you want to _that you catch the plane, take a taxi.5. Helen _ the compan

37、y _ private secretary to the managing director.6. North Sea oil _a high proportion of our export earnings.know-how, ensure, budget, sustain, facilitate stretch, serve as, involve in, account for, motivate 2. Fill in the blanks. 7.The sales director is preparing the companys advertising _for 2007.8.T

38、he knowledge that a rescue team would be searching for them _ the trapped miners.9. The new underground railway will _the journey to the airport.10. If I were you I would not get _their problems. 1. know-how 2. motivate 3. stretched 4. ensure 5. serves 6. accounts for 7. budget 8. sustained 9. facil

39、itate 10. involved in Key Exercises 3. Multiple Choice. Exercises 1. With an application form enclosed, we shall be glad if you will _ an irrevocable letter of credit. A. arrange to open B. be arranged to open C. arrange for the opening D. arrange for open2. _ pessimistic, it may be several months b

40、efore we see a strong upturn. A. Be B. Being C. Very D. To be3. We would ask that we _ to pay your account by four monthly remittances of US$5,000, with a final adjustment in the fifth month. A. allowed B. allowing C. be allowed D. having to allow 4. I trust you will be able to accept our proposal a

41、s the quickest way of _ your account. A. clear B. cleared C. clearing D. making clear3. Multiple Choice.5. The slowdown in the regional economy is likely to _ people from making large deals on long terms. A. discourage B. decrease C. disturb D. reduce6. The management has decided to have the offices

42、 painted in such a way that the walls _ the new carpets we have bought. A. fit B. suit C. befit D. match7. We expect certain sizable orders _for within the next two months and ask if we may defer payment of your account from August 2 to October 30. A. to be paid B. to be paying C. paying D. for bein

43、g 8. If a businessman has not been thinking about the Net by this time, theres a serious problem. Five years from now, Internet commerce _ a big force. A. is B. being C. will be D. to beExercises 3. Multiple Choice. 9. The current internet hype has _ with business; rather, it is more related with th

44、e development of technology. A. anything do B. anything to do C. nothing to do D. nothing do to 10.In mass media, big advertising dollars rule. But by doing business on the Net, a small firm might just as effectively _ through search engine. A. get itself know B. get himself know C. get itself known

45、 D. get known himselfExercises 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. C. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.你可以從投資的角度去考慮該買哪個地段的房子。(in terms of an investment) 2.聽說長假將至，各大旅游勝地紛紛聞風(fēng)而動，做好了大賺一 把的準(zhǔn)備。make a good profit 3.無論就人口還是面積來說，重慶都是最大的直轄市。 (municipality directly under the centr

46、al government) 4.世界上許多國家的旅游業(yè)正成為最能盈利的行業(yè)之一。(the greatest profit earners) 5.如何振興老工業(yè)基地是擺在中國各級政府面前的一大艱巨任 務(wù)。(confront with )Exercises 1. You may decide for yourself where to buy an apartment in terms of an investment. 2. In the hope of making a good profit, all the tourist resorts have been well prepared

47、to respond to the oncoming long holiday. 3. In terms of both population and area, Chongqing is Chinas largest municipality directly under the central government. 4. Tourism is becoming one of the greatest profit earners in many countries of the world. 5. Governments at all levels in China are confro

48、nted with an arduous task of revitalizing the traditional industrial bases. Exercises KeyV. Translate the following sentences in the text into Chinese. 1. The Secretariat was installed in Madrid early the following year at the invitation of the Spanish government, which provides a building for the h

49、eadquarters. 2. Although its members include many developed countries, WTO generally aims to promote and develop tourism with particular emphasis on the interests of the developing countries. 3. This Council meets at least twice a year to take whatever measures are necessary to implement the decisio

50、ns and recommendations of the previous General Assembly. Exercises V. Translate the following sentences in the text into Chinese. 4. WTO projects are based on the policy of sustainability, ensuing that the economic benefits of tourism development are not offset by damage to the environment or to loc

51、al culture. 5. Launched in 1994, WTOs Silk Road Project aims to revitalize through tourism the ancient highways used by Marco Polo and the caravan traders who came after him. Exercises Key 1. 第二年初，西班牙政府為世界旅游組織總部提供了一幢樓房，因而，秘書處設(shè)在馬德里。2. 世界旅游組織設(shè)有三類會員資格：會員，準(zhǔn)會員和觀察員組織機(jī)構(gòu)。3. 執(zhí)行理事會每兩年召開一次，采取必要措施執(zhí)行上屆大會通過的決定和建議

52、。4. 世界旅游組織工程基于可持續(xù)性策略，從而防止因損害環(huán)境或當(dāng)?shù)匚幕窒糜谓?jīng)濟(jì)效益。5. 1994年世界旅游組織發(fā)起絲綢之路工程，旨在通過旅游活動使馬可波羅及其后繼商隊(duì)走過的古老商道重新煥發(fā)活力。Exercises VI. Write a summary of the text in about 120 words.Exercises VII. Write a one-paragraph composition entitled “Global Activities the World Tourism Organization Engages in. The first sentence

53、 is given. “WTO is engaged in various activities around the world. Complete the paragraph with five to seven sentences, using the words or phrases given below. Exercises transfer, tourism know-how, sustainable development, market research, human resource development, facilitate, world travel, intern

54、ational tourism VIII. Discuss with your partner the role that WTO plays in international tourism industry. Exercises 1. World Tourism Organization 世界旅游組織 1975年，由國際官方旅游組織聯(lián)合會改組而成的政府間組織。其宗旨為：促進(jìn)世界各國旅游事業(yè)的開展；促進(jìn)對人權(quán)的尊重不分種族、語言和宗教；促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的開展。旅游組織規(guī)定每年的9月27日為“世界旅游日?？偛吭O(shè)在西班牙馬德里。 Related Technical Terms 2. General

55、Assembly 聯(lián)合國大會 one of the most important organs of the United Nations, which is responsible for the United Nations in discussion, supervision, finance and voting under the framework of the Charter of the United Nations. Related Technical Terms 3. United Nations Development Program (UNDP) 聯(lián)合國開發(fā)方案署 聯(lián)合

56、國的援助機(jī)構(gòu)。1965年11月由聯(lián)合國“特別基金和“擴(kuò)大的技術(shù)援助方案合并而成。有48個成員國組成，每年更換三分之一成員。最高權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)是理事會?？偛吭O(shè)在紐約。其宗旨是，通過提供經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)援助，協(xié)助開展中國家提高科學(xué)技術(shù)水平，幫助開展中國家更有效的調(diào)查和利用自然資源。技術(shù)援助的主要內(nèi)容是提供新的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)；建立科研機(jī)構(gòu)；遣派專家，提供效勞；設(shè)立赴國外留學(xué)的獎學(xué)金等。其資金來源主要是聯(lián)合國大會期間各國政府的自愿捐款和非政府機(jī)構(gòu)的自愿捐款。Related Technical Terms 4. Full members 正式會員 指履行了一切正常入會手續(xù)，參加該協(xié)會學(xué)會、公會等一切活動，履行和享有該協(xié)會

57、學(xué)會、公會等的一切權(quán)力和義務(wù)的正式會員。 全部會員 特指參加航運(yùn)公會的全部班輪公司。Related Technical Terms 動名詞屬非謂語動詞，兼有動詞和名詞的特征和作用。動名詞的形式與現(xiàn)在分詞相同。由于動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的意義、作用和形成都不同，一般還是看作兩種不同的非限定動詞。動名詞作主語、賓語、表語和定語；及物動詞的動名詞可以帶賓語，有的還可以帶賓語補(bǔ)足語；動名詞可以被狀語所修飾，動名詞還有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。 Grammar Gerund (usage) 例題解析 例1. _ music is interesting to some people. A. study B. stud

58、ies C. studying D. studied 答案 C. 解析 studying 是動名詞，在本句中作主語。擔(dān)任主語的 動名詞雖然在一定程度上名詞化了，但是仍然保存了一些 動詞的性質(zhì)， 比方往往帶有連帶成分 - 賓語、狀語或定語。 例如：Popularizing the new method was not an easy job. Going to the cinema is his only amusement. Working too hard will cause illness.Grammar Gerund (usage) 例2There is little probabil

59、ity of _ succeeding in the attempt. A. they B. their C. them D. who 答案 B. 解析 their 作動名詞succeeding 的邏輯主語，表示動名詞的動作或狀態(tài)是屬于誰。動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成是：“物主代詞或名詞所有格+ 動名詞。 例如：Would you mind my smoking here? Your drinking so much liquor is dangerous. 如果動名詞邏輯上的主語所表示的是這一動作的對象時，動名詞要用被動語態(tài)。 例如：He was proud of being highly prai

60、sed. He couldnt stand being treated like that.Grammar Gerund (usage) 例3 My job is _ in high school. A. teaching English B. teach English C. teach of English D. teaching of English 答案A. 解析此句為動名詞作表語。動名詞擔(dān)任表語, 和to be 加現(xiàn)在分 詞構(gòu)成的進(jìn)行時, 二者在形式上是一樣的, 應(yīng)注意區(qū)別。從意義上 說，動名詞作表語，說明主語是什么，而那被說明的主語往往不 是表示人稱的名詞或代詞，而是表示事物或動作