電子化供應(yīng)鏈管理ppt課件

1、電子化供應(yīng)鏈管理e-Supply Chain Management王立志 博士Li-Chih Wang, Ph.D.東海大學(xué)工業(yè)工程系所 教授東海大學(xué)工業(yè)自動(dòng)化中心 主任3/21/2000.大綱1.供應(yīng)鏈管理(SCM)觀念介紹2.供應(yīng)鏈管理的戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃、流程與系統(tǒng)3.供應(yīng)鏈管理、企業(yè)資源規(guī)劃 (ERP) & 先進(jìn)規(guī)劃與排程 (APS)4.供應(yīng)鏈管理&企業(yè)電子化(EB)5.供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)發(fā)展程序6. 案例介紹與經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.Trends for High Tech Industry(source: Gartner Group/D

2、ataQuest, 1/10/2000) 1. Focus on supply-chain and Internet solutions Extend their internal processes to their trading partners through extended enterprise solutions (EES). 2. Redesign business models and network infrastructure A lean model of manufacturing that relies heavily on Internet sales and s

3、upply chain integration with partners is the key. Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.1.供應(yīng)鏈管理觀念介紹(Concept of Supply Chain Management)Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.Supply Chain Management is theprocess of managing the flow ofmaterial, service and information acrossdistributed business proce

4、sses forthe purpose of responding toand satisfying market demand.Objective of An Effective Supply-Chain ManagementProvide our customers with the highest degree of customer service level under the minimum cost東海工工 王立志博士製造系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃實(shí)驗(yàn)室.企業(yè)的物流與資訊流反應(yīng)其運(yùn)籌特性(Material and Information Flows Reflect The Characterist

5、ics of Logistics)Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.2.供應(yīng)鏈管理的戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃、流程與系統(tǒng) (SCM Strategic Planning, Process and System)Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.(1). SCM Strategic PlanningCopyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.(2). SCM Management Process Total Order ManagementCopyright 1999 Professor Li-C

6、hih Wang.運(yùn)籌與供應(yīng)鏈管理的中心流程全面訂單管理流程(Core Process of Logistics/SCM Management Total Order Management Process).全面訂單管理流程目的Objective of Total Order Management Process從接到顧客訂單開(kāi)始到應(yīng)收帳款處理為止的整體管理流程中能妥善有效的分配企業(yè)的有限資源 (The resources involved in the orveall management process starting from order taking to account recei

7、vable can be fully and optimized allocated and utilized)。.An efficient and effective decision model & APS is required to achieve the objective of TOM東海工工 王立志博士製造系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃實(shí)驗(yàn)室.(3). SCM System FrameworkCopyright2000 Professor Li-Chih Wang.系統(tǒng)功能的觀點(diǎn)，主要根據(jù)前述管理與作業(yè)流程，探討其系統(tǒng)與上下游廠商的搭配，解析企業(yè)供給鏈管理系統(tǒng)的功能，及功能間的互動(dòng)關(guān)係。ALIGNME

8、NT OFBusiness/Management/Operation ProcessDataInformation System (IT Enabler)Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.3.供應(yīng)鏈管理、企業(yè)資源規(guī)劃 &先進(jìn)規(guī)劃與排程 (SCM, ERP & APS)Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.先進(jìn)規(guī)劃與排程系統(tǒng)Advanced Planning & Scheduling；APS 為能真正滿足顧客訂單與充分的利用企業(yè)的有限資源，除了ERP之外，還需求有適合且先進(jìn)的整體規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)APS，以進(jìn)行企業(yè) 整體供需規(guī)

9、劃及不同層次的生產(chǎn)規(guī)劃與排程。APS的特征包括同步規(guī)劃 synchronized concurrent planning、考慮資源限制下的規(guī)劃constraint-based planning、最正確化規(guī)劃optimization planning、即時(shí)性規(guī)劃real-time planning以及援助決策才干decision support ability，它改進(jìn)了傳統(tǒng)MRP運(yùn)算邏輯的錯(cuò)誤與不準(zhǔn)確性，以規(guī)劃出最正確化的規(guī)劃結(jié)果。 Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.Some Commercial Available APS Software in Ta

10、iwan1. i22. Manugistics3. PaceMaker4. Thru-Put (TOC-based).限制理論 (Theory of Constraints; TOC)背景限制理論(TOC)為Dr. Eliyahu Goldratt於1986年創(chuàng)立OPT The Goal OPT Thoughtware Synchronous Production TOC.Three TOC-based Business Novels1. The Goal 目標(biāo)；天下文化出版: Enhance Production Management2. Its not Luck 絕不是靠運(yùn)氣；天下文化出版

11、: Enhance Sales & Marketing3. Critical Chain: Product Development Integration.用來(lái)充分表達(dá)企業(yè)能否賺錢的目標(biāo)及作為發(fā)展工廠根本營(yíng)運(yùn)原則的三個(gè)衡量指標(biāo)：有效產(chǎn)出(throughput) 整個(gè)系統(tǒng)透過(guò)銷售不是生產(chǎn)而獲得金錢的速率。存貨(inventory) 整個(gè)系統(tǒng)投資在採(cǎi)購(gòu)上的金錢，而採(cǎi)購(gòu)是為了我們計(jì)劃賣出去的東西。營(yíng)運(yùn)費(fèi)用(operational expense) 整個(gè)系統(tǒng)為了將存貨轉(zhuǎn)換為有效產(chǎn)出而花的錢。企業(yè)的目標(biāo) 添加有效產(chǎn)出，但同時(shí)降低存貨和減少營(yíng)運(yùn)費(fèi)用。.三種根本限制Three Fundamental Con

12、straints內(nèi)部資源限制(internal resource constraints)：可為瓶頸或產(chǎn)能限制資源；它決定了整個(gè)工廠一切可用資源的的步調(diào) (pace)。市場(chǎng)限制(market constraints)： 當(dāng)市場(chǎng)需求小於一切設(shè)備的最小可用產(chǎn)能時(shí)；市場(chǎng)決定了生產(chǎn)的的步調(diào)。政策上的限制(policy constraints)：例如各站間WIP的上限。.TOC的五個(gè)循環(huán)步驟(Five Steps of TOC)找出系統(tǒng)的限制 (Identify the constraint) 決定如何最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)用限制(Decide how to exploit the constraint)全力配合步

13、驟(2)所採(cǎi)取的措施 (Subordinate everything else to the action taken in Step 2)突破、提昇或化解限制 (Elevate the constraint)假設(shè)限制已於步驟 (4) 化解，則回到步驟 (1) ，不要讓系統(tǒng)中原有其他資源的 “惰性變成新的限制.DBR (Drum Buffer Rope) 排程方法主要即利用TOC五個(gè)循環(huán)步驟的步驟(1)、(2)及(3)。.全面訂單管理系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)有賴於ERP, APS與MES間的確實(shí)整合(TOM System Can Be AccomplishedThrough Seamless Integra

14、tion of ERP, APS and MES)東海工工 王立志博士製造系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃實(shí)驗(yàn)室.快速回應(yīng) (Quick Response)快速回應(yīng)Quick ResponseQR): 藉由加速資訊流動(dòng)的速 度，使整個(gè)配銷通路/網(wǎng)絡(luò)從工廠生產(chǎn)到最終消費(fèi)者的 產(chǎn)品流動(dòng)/周轉(zhuǎn)率添加。 QR/CR的主要目的在於將正確的資訊，在正確的時(shí)間送達(dá) 正確的人手中，以作為正確決策之依據(jù)。 QR希望做到讓顧客由下單至收到貨品的前置時(shí)間愈短 愈好快速回應(yīng)產(chǎn)品 Product 。 QR希望做到讓顧客能即時(shí)掌握與其訂單有關(guān)的一切重 要資訊，以利於顧客作更有效益的規(guī)劃與控制快速回 應(yīng)資訊 Information 。Copyri

15、ght 2000 Professor Li-Chih Wang.供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵在企業(yè)整合 (Enterprise Integration)Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.EAI & Traditional Middleware Solutions Middleware approach Middelware facilitates the integration of individual applications and discrete transactions between them. EAI approach EAI enables

16、an enterprise to manage relationships among multiple applications and the surrounding network of transactions that constitute a business process.4.供應(yīng)鏈管理&企業(yè)電子化 (SCM & Electronic Business)Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.What are EC & EB?(source: GartnerGroup)Electronic Commerce: EC involves the

17、use of communication technologies (e.g., telephone and internet) to transmit business information and transact business. Electronic Business: EB comprises any Internet- or network-enabled business activity that transforms internal and external relationships to create value and exploit market opportu

18、nities driven by the new rules of the “connected economyCopyright 2000 Professor Li-Chih Wang.What is Customer Relationship Management?(source: GartnerGroup)CRM is an enterprisewide business strategy designed to optimize profitability, revenue and customer satisfaction by organizing the enterprise a

19、round customer segments, fostering customer-satisfying behaviors and linking processes from customers through suppliers. The application domains of CRM include: Technolog-Enabled Selling (TES) Customer Service and Support (CSS) Technolog-Enabled Marketing (TEM)Copyright 2000 Professor Li-Chih Wang.5

20、.供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)發(fā)展程序 (Development of An Effective SCM System)Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.6.案例介紹與經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享Copyright 1999 Professor Li-Chih Wang.企業(yè)整合資訊系統(tǒng)導(dǎo)入方法Implementation of CRIS Big Bang Approach (利用Standard Software Solution) Phased-in/Incremental Approach Evolutionary Approach Others (e.g., Framework Architecture)Copyright 2000 Professor Li-Chih Wang人才專業(yè)知識(shí)軟體&系統(tǒng)導(dǎo)入方法含流程與 方式專案管理企業(yè)整合(含基礎(chǔ)建