英語：unit1《friendship》period two精品學(xué)案(新人教版必修1)

1、英語：Unit1FriendshipPeriod Two 精品學(xué)案（新人教版必修1）Period TwoLearning about Language直接引語和間接引語(一)當我們用引號引出別人的原話時，被引用部分稱為直接引語；當我們間接地把別人的意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來時，被轉(zhuǎn)述的部分稱為間接引語，我們可以通過口訣來掌握直接引語變間接引語的方法。1陳述句直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語的口訣：去掉引號加 that,人稱變化要靈活；主從時態(tài)要一致，狀語變化要明確；客觀規(guī)律永不變，動詞變化有一個。(1)He said，“Im going to seea film this afternoon.”He said that

2、 he was going to see afilm that afternoon.(2)Jack said to me, “I have waited for you for along time.”Jack told methat he had waited for me for along time.(3)Theteacher said to us，“Wewill have an English party next week.”Theteacher told us that wewould have an English party thenext week.2直接引語與間接引語時態(tài)變

3、化對照一覽表直接引語一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時間接引語一般過去時過去進行時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時過去完成時過去完成時過去將來時【提醒】下列情況下，直接引語變間接引語時時態(tài)不變。(1)直接引語如果陳述的是客觀事實或真理，當其變?yōu)殚g接引語時，不管主句用什么時態(tài)，間接引語的時態(tài)都不變。Theteacher told the students，“Theearth goes around the sun”Theteacher told thestudents that the earth goes around thesun.(2)直接引語中有明確的表示過去時間的狀語時，變間接引語

4、時，其時態(tài)仍保持過去時。Thegirl said，“I was born in Hong Kong in 1990.”Thegirl said that shewas born in Hong Kong in 1990.(3)主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，變間接引語時，時態(tài)通常不變。Theold gentleman often says，“Timeis life.”Theold genteman often says that time is life.3指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化一覽表直接引語this 這these 這些now 現(xiàn)在today 今天yesterday 昨天

5、tomorrow 明天間接引語that 那those 那些then 那時，當時that day 那天the day before 前一天the next (following)day 第二天tonight 今晚last week 上周next week 下周two weeks ago 兩周前the day before yesterday前天the day after tomorrow后天here 這里come 來bring 帶來that night 那天晚上the week before 前一周the next week 第二周two weeks before 兩周前two days bef

6、ore 兩天前two days later 兩天后there 那里go 去take 拿走4.人稱代詞的變化(1)“一隨主”。若直接引語中有第一人稱，變間接引語時應(yīng)與主句中主語的人稱相一致。(2)“二隨賓”。若直接引語中有第二人稱，變間接引語時應(yīng)與主句中賓語的人稱相一致。(3)“第三人稱不更新”。直接引語中的第三人稱變間接引語時不需要變化。5疑問句直接引語變間接引語(1)直接引語為一般疑問句，變成間接引語時，常用 if 或 whether 引導(dǎo)，引述動詞用 asked, 沒有間接賓語的可以加一個間接賓語 me，him 等。He asked me, “Are you good at English

7、？”He asked me if/whether I was good at English.(2)反意疑問句變間接引語時，只能用 whether 來引導(dǎo)。(3)特殊疑問句變間接引語時，用原句中的疑問詞作連詞，將句子改為陳述語序。Theteacher asked theboy，“Why are you late again？”Theteacher asked theboy why hewas late again.I asked her，“When did you comehere？”I asked her when shehad been there.6直接引語變間接引語時，還要注意幾種特殊

8、情況：(1)陳述句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，如果有兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句并列時，僅能省略第一個 that，其余的均不可省略。He said，“I want to visit the Great Wall，and my father will go with me then.”He said (that) hewanted to visit the Great Wall and that his father would go with him then.(2)直接引語是祈使句時，變間接引語時常變?yōu)?ask/tell/order sb. to do sth.句型。如果是以 lets開頭的祈使句

9、，則通常變?yōu)?suggest doing 或 suggestthat 從句。“Do it again.”the teacher said to us.Theteacher told us to do it again.(3)直接引語中有 when，since，while 引導(dǎo)的從句，在變?yōu)殚g接引語時，只改變主句的時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)不變。(4)如果在當?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here 不必變?yōu)?there，come 不必變?yōu)?go；如果在當天轉(zhuǎn)述，則 today，yesterday，tomorrow 等時間狀語也不必變化。(5)有的疑問句并非提出疑問，而是表示請求、建議、勸告等意義。引述這類疑問句時，通常用“as

10、k/advise/want賓語不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示建議時，通常用“suggest動名詞”等結(jié)構(gòu)。Mr. Green asked，“Shall wego to Beijing to watch theOlympic Games？”Mr. Green suggested going to Beijing to watch theOlympic Games.及時反饋.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1He said to me，“I brokeyour CD player yesterday.”He told me that he had broken my CD player the day before .2He sa

11、id to me，“What can I do for you？”He asked me what hecould do for me .3He said，“I havent seen thesechildren by now.”He said that he hadnt seen those children by then .4He asked me，“Can I go to see her tomorrow？”He asked me if he could go to see her the next day .把下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語或間接引語變?yōu)橹苯右Z1“Weve lived therefor two years，”hetold me.He_told_me_that_they_had_lived_there_for_two_years.2“I was herea few weeks ago，”shesaid.She_said_she_had_been_there_a_few_weeks_before.3“I went to university in the 1960s，”Wang Hua told his students.Wang_Hua_told_his_students_that_she/he_w