MBA英語歷年真題及答案(XX-XX)

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質文檔傾情為你奉上專心專注專業(yè)專心專注專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質文檔傾情為你奉上專心專注專業(yè)2005年真題 uestions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Mosthumanbeingsactual1ydecidebeforetheythink.Whenanyhumanbeingexecutive,specializedexpert,orpersoninthestreetencountersacomplexissueandformsanopinion,oftenwithinamatterofseconds,howthoroughlyhas

2、heorsheexploredtheimplicationsofthevariouscoursesofaction?Answer:notverythoroughly.Veryfewpeople,nomatterhowinte1ligentorexperienced,cantakeinventoryofthemanybranchingpossibilities,possibleoutcomes,sideeffects,andundesiredconsequencesofapolicyoracourseofactioninamatterofseconds.Yet,thosewhopridethem

3、se1vesonbeingdecisiveoftentrytodojustthat.Andoncetheirbrainslockontoanopinion,mostoftheirthinkingthereafterconsistsoffindingsupportforit.Averyserioussideeffectofargumentativedecisionmakingcanbealackofsupportforthechosencourseofactiononthepartofthe“l(fā)osing”faction.Whenonefactionwinsthemeetingandtheoth

4、ersseethemselvesaslosing,thebattleoftendoesntendwhenthemeetingends.Anger,resentment,andjealousymayleadthemtosabotagethedecisionlater,ortoreopenthedebateatlatermeetings.Thereisabetter.AsphilosopherAldousHuxleysaid,“Itisntwhoisright,butwhatisright,thatcounts.”Thestructured-inquirymethodoffersabetteral

5、ternativetoargumentativedecisionmakingbydebate.WiththehelpoftheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnologythegapbetweenexpertsandexecutivesisnowbeingdramaticallyclosed.Byactuallyputtingthebrakesonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdown,andorganizingtheflowoflogic,itspossibletocreatealevelofclaritythatsheerargume

6、ntationcannevermatch.Thestructured-inquiryprocessintroducesalevelofconceptualclaritybyorganizingthecontributionsoftheexperts,thenbringstheexpertsandthedecisionmakersclosertogether.Althoughitisntpossibleornecessaryforapresidentorprimeministertolisteninoneveryintelligenceanalysismeeting,itspossibletoo

7、rganizetheexpertsinformationtogivethedecisionmakermuchgreaterinsightastoitsmeaning.Thisprocessmaysomewhatresembleamarketingfocusgroup;itsasimple,remarkablycleverwaytobringdecisionmakersclosertothesourceoftheexpertinformationandopinionsonwhichtheymustbasetheirdecisions.4lFromthefirstparagraphwecanlea

8、rnthat.Aexecutive,specializedexpert,arenomorecleverthanpersoninthestreetBveryfewpeopledec1debeforetheythinkCthosewhopridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftenfailtodosoDpeopletendtoconsidercarefullybeforemakingdecisions42Judgingfromthecontext,whatdoestheword“them”(line4,paragraph2)referto?ADecisionmakers.B

9、The“l(fā)osing”faction.CAnger,resentment,andjealousy.DOtherpeople43AldousHuxleysremark(Paragraph3)impliesthat.AthereisasubtledifferencebetweenrightandwrongBwecannottellwhoisrightandwhatiswrongCwhatisrightismoreimportantthanwhoisrightDwhatisrightaccountsforthequestionwhoisright44Accordingtotheauthor,thef

10、unctionofthestructured-inquirymethodis.AtomakedecisionbydebateBtoapplytheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnology.Ctobrakeonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdownDtocreatealevelofconceptualclarity45Thestructured-inquiryprocesscanbeusefulfor.AdecisionmakersBintelligenceanalysismeetingCtheexpertsinformationDma

11、rketingfocusgroupsQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Sportisheadingforanindissolublemarriagewithtelevisionandthepassivespectatorwillenjoyaprivateparadise.Allofthiswillbeinthefutureofsport.Thespectator(thetelevisionaudience)willbethepriorityandprofessionalclubswillhavetoreadjusttheirstructu

12、restoadapttothenewreality:sportasabusiness.Thenewtechnologieswillmeanthatspectatorswillnolongerhavetowaitforbroadcastsbytheconventionalchannels.Theywillbetheoneswhodecidewhattosee.Andtheywillhavetopayforit.IntheUnitedStatesthesystemofthefuturehasalreadystarted:pay-as-you-view.Everythingwillbeoffered

13、bytelevisionandthespectatorwillonlyhavetochoose.ThereviewSportsIllustratedrecentlypublishedafullprofileofthelifeofthesupporterathomeinthemiddleofthenextcentury.Itexplainedthattheconsumerswouldbeabletoselecttheirviewofthematchonagigantic,flatscreenoccupyingthewholeofonewall,withimagesofaclaritywhichc

14、annotbeforeseenatpresent;theycouldwatchfromthetrainersstandsjustbehindthebatterinagameofbaseballorfromthehelmetofthestarplayerinanAmericanfootballgame.Andattheirdisposalwillbethesaneoptionstheproduceroftherecordedprogrammerhastoselectreplays,tochoosewhichcameratomeandtodecideonthesoundwhethertoheart

15、hepublic,theplayers,thetrainerandsoon.Manysportsexecutives,largelytoooldandtooconservativetofeelathomewiththenewtechnologieswillbelievethatsportmustcontroltheexpansionoftelevisioncoverageinordertosurviveandensurethatspectatorsattendmatches.Theydonotevenaccepttheevidencewhichcontradictstheirviewwhile

16、thereismorebasketballthaneverontelevision,forexample,itisalsocertainthatbasketballismorepopularthanever.Itisalsotheargumentofthesesportsexecutivesthattelevisionharmingthemodestteam.Thisistrue,butthefutureofthoseteamsisalsomodest.Theyhavereachedtheirceiling.Itisthelawofthemarket.Thegreateventscontinu

17、allyattractlargeraudience.TheworldIbeingconstructedonnewtechnologiessothatpeoplecanmaketheutmostuseoftheirtimeand,intheirhomehaveaccesstothegreatestpossiblerangeofrecreationalactivities.Sportwillhavetoadaptitselftothenewworld.Themostvisionaryexecutivesgofurther.Thatphilosophyis:ratherthanseetelevisi

18、ontakeoversportwhynothavesportstakenovertelevision?46Whatdoesthewritermeanbyuseofthephrase“anindissolublemarriage”inthefirstparagraph?Asportiscombinedwithtelevision.Bsportcontrolstelevision.Ctelevisiondictatessports.DSportandtelevisionwillgotheirownways47Whatdoes“they”inline2paragraph2standfor?ABroa

19、dcasts.BChannels.CSpectators.DTechnologies.48Howdomanysportsexecutivesfeelwiththenewtechnologies?Atheyaretoooldtodoanything.BTheyfeelillatease.CTheyfeelcompletelyathome.DTechnologiescangohandinhandwithsports.49Whatisgoingtobediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?Athephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.BThep

20、rocessoftelevisiontakingoversport.CTelevisioncoverageexpansion.DAnexampletoshowhowsporthastakenovertelevision.50Whatmightbetheappropriatetitleofthispassage?Atheargumentsofsportsexecutives.BThephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.CSportsandtelevisioninthe21stcentury.DSports:abusiness.Questions51to55arebas

21、edonthefollowingpassage:Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesbycreatinggrowth,butwhatisitseffectonpeople?Forpeoplewhothinkcookingwasthefoundationofcivilization,themicrowaveisthelastenemy.ThecommunionofeatingtogetherIseasilybrokenbyadevicethatliberateshouseholdscitizensfromwaitingformealtimes.Thefirstgreatre

22、volutioninthehistoryoffoodisindangerofbeingundone.Thecompanionshipofthecampfire,cookingpotandcommontable,whichhavehelpedtobondhumansincollaborativelivingforatleastyearscouldbedestroyed.Mealshavecertainlysatedfromtheriseofconveniencefood.TheonlymealsregularlytakentogetherinBritainthesedaysareatthewee

23、kend,amongrichfamiliesstrugglingtoretainsomethingoftheoldsymboloftogetherness.Indeed,thedaysfirstmealhasallbutdisappeared.Inthe20thcenturytheleisureBritishbreakfastwasunderminedbythecornflake;inthe21stbreakfastisvanishingaltogetheravictimofthequickcupofcoffeeinStarbucksandthecerealbar.Conveniencefoo

24、dhasalsomadepeopleforgethowtocookoneoftheapparentparadoxesofmodernfoodisthatwhiletheamountoftimespentcookingmealshasfallenfrom60minutesadayin1980to13Madayin2002,thenumberofcooksandtelevisionprogrammeroncookinghasmultiplied.Butperhapsthisisntaparadox.Maybeitisbecamepeoplecantcookanymore,sotheyneedtob

25、etoldhowtodoit,ormaybeitisbecausepeoplebuybooksabouthobbiesgolf,yachtingnotaboutchores.Cookinghasceasedtobeachoreandhasbecomeahobby.Althougheverybodylivesinthekitchen.itsfacilitiesareincreasinglyfordisplayratherthanforuse.Mr.Silversteinsnowbook,”tradingup”lookatmid-rangeconsumersmillingnowtosplashou

26、t.HesaysthatindustrialstyleVikingcookpot,withnearlytwicetheheatoutputofotherranges,havehelpedtopushthe“kitchenastheater”trendinhourgoods.Theycostfrom$1000to$9000.Some75%ofthemareneverused.Conveniencealsohasanimpactonthehealthiness,orotherwise,offood,ofcoursethereisnothingbadaboutreadytoeatfooditself

27、.Youdontgetmuchhealthierthananapple,andsupermarketssellabetterforyourangeofready-meals.Butthereisalimittothenumberofapplespeoplewanttoeat;andthesedaysitiseasierforpeopletoeatthekindoffoodthatmakesthemfatThethreeHarvardeconomistsintheirpaper“whyhaveAmericansbecomemoreobese?”pointoutthatinthepast,ifpe

28、oplewantedtoeatfattyhotfood,theyhadtocookit.Thattooktimeandenergyagoodchipneedsfryingtwice,oncetocookthepotatoandoncetogetitcrispy.Whichdiscouragedofconsumptionofthatcostoffood.Masspreparationoffoodtookawaythatconstraint.Nobodyhastocutanddoublecooktheirownfriesthesedays.Whohasthetime?51Whatmightthep

29、reviousparagraphsdealwith?ATherelationshipbetweenmealsandconveniencefood.BTheimportanceofconveniencefoodinpeopleslife.CTheriseofconveniencefood.DThehistoryoffoodindustry.52Whatistheparadoxinthethirdparagraph?APeopledontknowhowtocook.BThefacilitiesinthekitchenarenottotallyused.CPeoplearebecomingmoreo

30、bsess,thusunhealthy.DConveniencefoodactuallydoesnotsavepeoplethrive.53Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?AThebadeffectsofconveniencefoodBMr.SilversteinsnewbookCPeoplesnewhobbyDDisappearanceoftheoldsymboloftogetherness.54WhyhasAmericanbecomemoreobsess?ABecauseofeatingchips.BBecauseofbeingbusy.CBecauseof

31、beinglazy.DBandC.55Whichofthefollowingmighttheanothermostlyagreewith?AThereisnothingbadaboutconveniencefood.BConveniencefoodmakespeoplelazy.CConveniencefoodhelpscompaniesgrow.DConveniencefoodisarevolutionincooking.答案：41-55CBCDAACBDCCDADB2006 年1 月Section III Reading Comprehension (40 points) Question

32、s 41 to 45 are based on the following passage: Office jobs are among the positions hardest hit by compumation ( 計算機自動化).Word 000 jobs over the next few years， while 57，processors and typists will lose about 93，000 secretarial jobs will vanish.Blame the PC: Today， many executives type their own memos

33、 and carry there secretaries in the palms of their hands.Time is also hard for stock clerks， whose ranks are expected to decrease by 68，000.And employees in manufacturing firms and wholesalers are being replaced with computerized systems. But not everyone who loses a job will end up in the unemploym

34、ent line.Many will shift to growing positions within their own companies.When new technologies shook up the telecomm business， telephone operator Judy Dougherty pursued retraining.She is now a communications technician，earning about $ 64，000 per year.Of course， if youve been a tollbooth collector fo

35、r the past 30 years， and you find yourself replaced by an E ZPass machine， it may be of little consolation( 安慰) to know that the telecom field is booming. And thats just it: The service economy is fading: welcome to the expertise( 專門知識) economy.To succeed in the new job market， you must be able to h

36、andle complex problems.Indeed， all but one of the 50 highest-paying occupationsair-traffic controllerdemand at least a bachelors degree. For those with just a high school diploma( 畢業(yè)證書)。Its going to get tougher to find a well-paying job.Since fewer factory and clerical jobs will be available 。whats

37、left be the jobs that compumations cant kill， computers cant clean offices ，or for Alzheimers patients( 老年癡呆病人).But ，since most people have the skills to fill those positions， the wages stay painfully low ， meaning compumation could drive an even deeper wedge ( 楔子) between the and poor， The best adv

38、ice now ，Never stop learning ，and keep up with new technology. For busy adults of course that can be tough ，The good news is that very technology thats reducing so many jobs is a making it easier to go back to school without having to sit in a classroom.So called internet distance learning is hot， w

39、ith more than three million students currently enrolled ， and its gaining credibility with employers. Are you at risk of losing your job to a computer ？ Check the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook ，which is available online at bless 。god . 41. Prom the first paragraph

40、we can infer that all of the following persons are easily thrown into unemployment EXCEPT. A secretaries B stock clerks C managers D wholesalers 42. In the second paragraph the anther mentions the tollbooth collector to A mean he will get benefits from the telecomm fled B show he is too old to shift

41、 to a new position C console him on having been replaced by a machine D blame the PC for his unemployment 43. By saying compumation could drive an even deeper wedge between the rich and poor (line 5.Para 4 )the author means A people are getting richer and richer B there will be a small gap between r

42、ich and poor C the gap between rich and poor is getting larger an larger D its time to close up be gap between the rich and poor 44. What is the authors attitude towards computers？ A positive B negative C neutral D prejudiced 45. Which of the following might serve as the best title of passage？ A Bla

43、ming the PC B The booming telecomm field C Internet distance leaning D Keeping up with compumation Question 46 to 50 are based on the following passage： Tens of thousands of 18 year olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas 。These diplomas wont look any different from awarded t

44、heir luckier classmates Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover the these graduates are semiliterate( 半文盲) Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational - repair - adult - literacy Programs， such as the one where I teach grammar and writing 。There ，high

45、 school graduates and high school dropouts pursuing graduate equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school ，They will discover they have been cheated by our educational system. I will never forget a teacher senior when be had her for English .He site in the back o

46、f the room talking to his friends 。she told me ， Why dont you move him to the front row？ I urged believing the embarrassment would get him to settle down， Mrs.Stifter said ，I dont move seniors.I think (使 不及格) them. Our sons academic life flashed before my eyes.No teacher had ever threatened him.By t

47、he time I got home I was feeling pretty good this 。It was a radical approach for these times ，but well.Why not ？ Shes going to flunk you I told my son. I did not discuss it any further 。Suddenly English became a priorty (頭等重要) in his life。He finished out the semester with an A. I know one example do

48、esnt make a case，but at night I see a parade of students who are angry for having been passed along until they could no longer even pretend to keep up 。Of average intelligence or better，they eventually quit school，concluding they were too dumb to finish. I should have been held back， is a comment I

49、hear frequently 。Even sadder are those students who are high-school graduates who say to me after a few weeks of class.I dont know how I ever got a high-school diploma. Passing students who have not mastered the work cheats them and the employers who expect graduates to have basic skills 。We excuse

50、this dishonest behavior by saying kids cant learn if they come from terrible environments 。No one seems to stop to think that most kids dont put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at risk 。Theyd rather be sailing. Many students I see at night have decided to make education

51、a priority 。They are motivated by the desire for a better job or the need to hang on to the one theyve got 。They have a healthy fear of failure. People of all ages can rise above their problems，but they need to have a reason to do so 。Yong people generally dont have the maturity to value education i

52、n the same way my adult students value it。But fear of failure can motivate both. 46. What is the subject of this essay？ A view point on learning B a qualified teacher C the importance of examination D the generation gap 47. How did Mrs 。Sifter get the attention of one of the authors children？ A flun

53、king him B moving his seat C blaming him D playing card with him 48. The author believes that most effective way for a teacher is to A purify the teaching environments . B set up cooperation between teachers and parents. C hold back student. D motivate student. 49.From the passage we can draw the co

54、nclusion that the authors attitude toward flunking is A negative B positive C biased D indifferent 50.Judging from the content ， this passage is probably written for A administrators B students C teachers D parents Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage: Names have gained increasing i

55、mportance in the competitive world of higher education.As colleges strive for market share， they are looking for names that project the image they want or reflect the changes they hope to make.Trenton 。State College， for example ，became the College of New Jersey nine years ago when it began raising

56、admissions standards and appealing to students from throughout the state. All I hear in higher education is， Brand ，brand ，brand， said Tim Westerbeck， who specializes in branding and is managing director of Lipman Hearne， a marketing firm based in Chicago that works with universities and other nonpr

57、ofit organizations.There has been a sea change over the last 10 years.Marketing used to be almost a dirty word in higher education. Not all efforts at name changes are successful， ofcourse .In 1997 ， the New School for Social Research became New School University to reflect its growth into a collect

58、ion of eight colleges， offering a list of majors that includes psychology， music ，urban studies and management.But New Yorkers continued to call it the New School . Now，after spending an undisclosed sum on an online survey and a marketing consultants creation of haming structures. brand architecture

59、 and identity systems， the university has come up with a new name: the New School 。Beginning Monday， it will adopt new logon (標識)， banners， business cards and even new names for the individual colleges， all to include the words the New School. Changes in names generally reveal significant shifts in

60、how a college wants to be perceived.In altering its name from Cal State.Hayward，to Cal State， East Bay，the university hoped to project its expanding role in two mostly suburban countries east of San Francisco. The University of Southern Colorado， a state institution，became Colorado State University