20世紀(jì)英國(guó)文學(xué)講解課件

1、1.Historical Background WW ( Word War One一戰(zhàn)) Economic depression and workers movement. (經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條和工人運(yùn)動(dòng)) Irish nationalist movement （民族解放運(yùn)動(dòng)） WW （二戰(zhàn)）2.Cultural BackgroundNew Theories and Ideas (新的思想和理論) Darwins Evolutionary Theory(達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論) Einsteins Theory of Relativity(愛(ài)因斯坦的相對(duì)論) Freuds Analytical Psycholo

2、gy(弗洛伊德的分析心理學(xué)) Karl Marks and Friedrich Engels Theory of Scientific Socialism (馬克思和恩格斯的科學(xué)社會(huì)主義理論) Arthur SchopenhauersPessimism(亞瑟 叔本華的悲觀主義) Friedrich Nietzsches Doctrines of Power and Superman (尼采的基督教精神及強(qiáng)權(quán)主義) Henry Bergsons Irrational Philosophy(伯格森的非理性主義哲學(xué))Realism in the 20th Century English Litera

3、ture(20世紀(jì)英國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)) 二十世紀(jì)英國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)改變了維多利亞時(shí)期那種高雅溫和的傾向，加強(qiáng)了對(duì)英國(guó)社會(huì)的保守性和虛偽性的批判，具有一種冷峻的直面人生的特點(diǎn)。Modernism(現(xiàn)代主義) A reaction against realism Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and psycho-analysis as its theoretical base. The major themes of the modernistlitrrature are the distorted,alienated and ill relat

4、ionships between man and nature ,man and society ,man and man,man and himself The modernist writers concentrate more on the private than on the public,more on the subjective than on the objective .Some termsSymbolism 象征主義Expressionism表現(xiàn)主義Surrealism超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義Futurism未來(lái)主義Dadaism達(dá)達(dá)主義Imagism意象主義Stream of con

5、sciousness意識(shí)流Existentialism存在文學(xué)Theatre of absurd荒誕派戲劇Black humor黑色幽默English Novel of Early 20th CenturyThe Realists: The English realists at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th continued and developed the traditions of the brilliant school of critical realism. They sought for new ways

6、and means of revealing the truth of life.In their works criticism of the bourgeois world reaches considerable depth and poigancy.The notable names among theminclude Butler,Meredith and wells. Rudyard Kipling(魯?shù)聛喌?吉卜林)1865-1936major works:Departmental Ditties and Other Verses分類的歌曲Seven Seas七海 The Fiv

7、e Nations五國(guó)The Jungle Book 森林之書 Just So Stories如此故事Plain Tales from the Hills山中的故事Soldiers three三個(gè)士兵Lifes Handicaps生命的阻力Many Invebtions許多發(fā)明The Light That Failed消失的光芒Captain Courageous勇敢的船長(zhǎng) Kim吉姆Arnold Bennett(阿諾德 本涅特)1867-1931Major works:Anna of the Five Town五鎮(zhèn)的安娜Clayhanger克萊漢格Hilda Lessways希爾達(dá) 萊斯韋斯

8、These Twain老兩口The Old WivesTale老婦譚Joseph Conrad(約瑟夫康拉德)1857-1924Sea novels:The Nigger of the Narcissus白水仙號(hào)上的黑家伙Typhoon and Other Stories臺(tái)風(fēng)集Youth and Two Other Stories青春集Jungle Novels:Lord Jim吉姆爺Heart of Darkness黑暗的心靈Political Novels:Nostromo諾斯特羅莫The Secret Agent特務(wù)Under Western Eyes在西方的注視下Henry James

9、亨利 詹姆斯1843-1916美國(guó)人The American (1877）歐洲人The Europeans (1878)金碗The Golden Bowl (1904）鴿翼The Wings of the Dove (1902)悲慘的繆斯The Tragic Muse (1890)華盛頓廣場(chǎng)Washington Square (1880)黛西米勒Daisy Miller (1878)(中篇小說(shuō))使節(jié)(或譯:奉使記)The Ambassadors (1903)一位女士的畫像The Portrait of a Lady (1881)叢林猛獸The Beast in the Jungle (1903

10、)(中篇小說(shuō))Katharine Mansfield凱瑟琳 曼斯菲爾德1888-1923Major Works:Prelude前奏Bliss and Other Stories幸福集The Garden Party and Other Stories園會(huì)集The Doves Nest and Other Stories鴿巢集Something Childish and Other Stories幼稚集The Daughters of the Late Colonel已故中校的女兒Thomas Hardy 托馬斯 哈代1840-1928the last and one of the greate

11、st Victorian novelists and poetsone of the representatives of English critical realism and the turn of the 19th centuryHis Major works1)Romances and FantasiesApair of Blue Eyes一雙藍(lán)藍(lán)的眼睛The Trumpet Major號(hào)兵長(zhǎng)2）Novels of IngenuityDesperate Remedies非常手段3）Novels of character and environmentFar From the Madd

12、ing Crowd遠(yuǎn)離塵囂The Return of the Native 還鄉(xiāng)Tess of the DUrbervills德伯家的苔絲Jude the Obscure無(wú)名的裘德PoemsWessex Poems韋塞克斯詩(shī)集Epic DramaThe Dynasts統(tǒng)治者三部曲John Galsworthy約翰 高爾斯華綏1867-1933 English novelist and playwright Galsworthy became known for his portrayal of the British upper middle c class and for his social satire. 1932 win Nobel Laureate in Literature for his distinguished art of narration which takes its highest form in The Forsyte Sag