2019版二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語通用版講義第四板塊7步成文第四步基本框架搭建好“美化詞句”細(xì)推敲含答案

1、7步成文第四步基本框架搭建好，“美化詞句”細(xì)推敲如果說前三步旨在教考生寫得中規(guī)中矩、像模像樣，那么四至六步則教考生寫得瀟瀟灑灑、洋氣十足；如果說前三步是在草稿中完成對(duì)寫作基本內(nèi)容的架構(gòu)，那么四至六步則是對(duì)草稿內(nèi)容的完善、潤色和升格；前三步讓習(xí)作完成，四至六步讓習(xí)作完美，從第四步至第六步，教考生“略施粉黛”，稍加美化，讓作文由“四檔”巧升“五檔”。一、“四檔”“五檔”差在哪第四檔(1620分)考綱表述完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。雖漏掉一兩個(gè)次重點(diǎn)，但覆蓋所有第五檔(2125分)考綱表述完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。覆蓋要點(diǎn)。應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能。語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確，些許應(yīng)用了的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯

2、。語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤，但為盡錯(cuò)誤主要是因嘗試較復(fù)雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)或。力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力。；具備較應(yīng)用語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。了預(yù)期的寫作目的。構(gòu)緊湊。了預(yù)期的寫作目的。從“第四檔”與“第五檔”的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來看，四檔與五檔的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差別是微小的，主要集中在“亮點(diǎn)詞匯”、“亮點(diǎn)句式”、“過渡銜接”、“語法結(jié)構(gòu)”等一些能力層級(jí)上，雖然這兩個(gè)檔次的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)區(qū)別比較細(xì)微，但四檔與五檔的分差卻成為考生成績(jī)平庸與優(yōu)異的分水嶺。第五檔中提到，“語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致?！边@就是說，如果考生僅運(yùn)用基礎(chǔ)詞匯和基

3、本句型，不能體現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力，即使表達(dá)無語法錯(cuò)誤，也不一定能得高分；相反，即使文章中有少量錯(cuò)誤，如果是因?yàn)槭褂脧?fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致，文章仍可按最高檔次給分。第五檔中“有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊”，這表明恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用過渡性詞語可以使文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，過渡自然，從而提高得分檔次。典例感悟(2018全國卷)假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Peter來信詢問你校學(xué)生體育運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。請(qǐng)給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：1學(xué)校的體育場(chǎng)館；2.主要的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目；3.你喜歡的項(xiàng)目。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！霸┣摹彼臋n作文(得分19分)升格后的五檔作文(得分24分)Dear

4、Peter，Iamverydelightedtohearfromyou.Inyourlastletter,youaskedmeaboutthephysicalexerciseinourschoolandthefollowinginformationmayhelpyouknowmoreaboutit.Tobeginwith,anewstadiumhasbeenbuiltup,andithasbecomethenewlandmarkinourschool.Moreover,withthestadiumsetup,manykindsofsportseventsareabletobeheld,ofwh

5、ichPingpong,footballandrunningcompetitionsareverypopular.Asforme,Iminterestedinbasketballsinceithasbeengivingmestrengthtofacethechallengesinmylife.Allinall,Isincerelyinviteyoutocometoourschoolandseeforyourself.Yours，LiHuaDearPeter，Iammorethandelightedtohearfromyou.Inyourlastletter,youaskedmeaboutthe

6、physicalexerciseinourschooland,Ithink,thefollowinginformationmayhelpyouhaveabetterunderstandingofit.Tobeginwith,anewstadiumhasbeenbuiltup,whichhasbecomethenewlandmarkinourschool.Moreover,thestadiumsetup,awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld,ofwhichPingpong,footballaswellasrunningcompetitionsenjoyg

7、reatpopularity.Asforme,Iminterestedinbasketballsinceithasbeengivingmestrengthtobravelyfacethechallengesinmylife.Allinall,Isincerelyinviteyoutocometoourschoolandseeforyourself.Yours，LiHua名師點(diǎn)評(píng)左欄作文用詞準(zhǔn)確，分段合理，而且使用了with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和“ofwhich”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句等，總體來說是一篇相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的作文。但是看一下右欄提升后的作文，就會(huì)感嘆其語言更地道、更自然流暢，可謂妙筆生花，技高一籌。詞匯

8、的提升有六處，特別是haveabetterunderstandingof,awiderangeof及enjoygreatpopularity的使用會(huì)令人贊嘆作者深厚的語言功底，同時(shí)也提升了得分檔次；句式的提升有三處，插入語Ithink,which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，及獨(dú)立主格thestadiumsetup的使用都恰到好處，相對(duì)于左欄的作文有了大幅度的提升。二、如何由“四檔”升“五檔”詞匯要“亮人一眼”“詞匯要美，就要多使用較高級(jí)詞匯。那么何為較高級(jí)詞匯？眾所周知，詞匯本來并沒有高低貴賤”之分，但某個(gè)詞匯一旦放在了具體語境中，如果使用極為得當(dāng)，體現(xiàn)了該詞的美妙價(jià)值，為句子增色，讓文章添彩，它就是較高

9、級(jí)詞匯。下面介紹4招，以實(shí)現(xiàn)由較低級(jí)詞匯向較高級(jí)詞匯的轉(zhuǎn)化。第1招：“語”眾不同，避免人云亦云寫作時(shí)恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w地使用別人可能想不到的詞匯或短語，會(huì)給閱卷老師耳目一新的感覺。Afterthefilm,eachclassissupposedtohaveadiscussionandallthestudentsarewelcometotalkandexpresstheirviewsaboutthefilm.Afterthefilm,eachclassissupposedtohaveadiscussionandallthestudentsarewelcometomakecommentsandexpress

10、theirviewsaboutthefilm.(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))IamverygladtoknowyouareinterestedinTangpoems.IammorethandelightedtoknowyouareinterestedinTangpoems.(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))Ishouldbefreeanytimeafterschoolnextweek.Ishouldbeavailableanytimeafterschoolnextweek.(2016全國卷書面表達(dá))第2招：更新?lián)Q代，避免重復(fù)寫作時(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免重復(fù)使用相同的詞語，要用貼切多變的詞語來展示自己的水平。用詞不同、

11、表達(dá)方式迥異，也是高級(jí)用法。Thebox-officeincomeofChinesemovieswitnessedaconstantincreasefromabout17billionyuanin2012toover40billionin2015.However,Chinawitnessedadeclineinitseconomicgrowthratelastyear.Thebox-officeincomeofChinesemovieswitnessedaconstantincreasefromabout17billionyuanin2012toover40billionin2015.Howe

12、ver,Chinasawadeclineinitseconomicgrowthratelastyear.(2017江蘇高考書面表達(dá))Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate.Ifyouwanttoparticipate,youcansendyourphotostointlphotoshow.Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate.Ifyouwanttojoin,youcansendyourphotostointlphotoshow.(2016全國卷書面表達(dá))Wemayhavediffe

13、rentopinionsinorganizingclassactivities.Wemayhavedifferentwaystodealwithsuchasituation.Wemayhavedifferentopinionsinorganizingclassactivities.Wemayhavevariouswaystodealwithsuchasituation.(2015浙江高考書面表達(dá))第3招：?jiǎn)卧~短語，巧妙互用一般情況下短語優(yōu)先，應(yīng)多使用詞組、習(xí)語來代替一些單詞，以增加文采。但有時(shí)單詞卻比短語更生動(dòng)，可以“一詞傳神”。所以我們應(yīng)把單詞與短語巧妙互用。Thetrainingsched

14、ule,apartfromregulartraining,includesjoininginvariousactivities,suchasparticipatinginsomenationalcompetitions.Thetrainingschedule,apartfromregulartraining,includesjoininginavarietyofactivities,suchasparticipatinginsomenationalcompetitions.(2018天津高考書面表達(dá))CinemashavegraduallygivenwaytotheriseoftheInter

15、netandcellphones,andtheticketpriceisincreasing.CinemashavegraduallygivenwaytotheriseoftheInternetandcellphones,andtheticketpriceisontheincrease.(2017江蘇高考書面表達(dá))IIwanttotellyousomethingaboutmyplanforthesummervacationanddlikeyoutohelpme.IwanttotellyousomethingaboutmyplanforthesummervacationandIdlikeyout

16、odomeafavor.(2016全國卷書面表達(dá))Wecanlookatthisprobleminmanyways.Wecanviewthisprobleminmanyways.(view比lookat更有內(nèi)涵)第4招：高級(jí)替代，低級(jí)淘汰也就是說，盡量用高級(jí)階段學(xué)到的詞代替低級(jí)階段學(xué)到的詞。AndItreasurethisasagoodchancetobroadenmyperspectiveandimprovemyspokenEnglish.AndItreasurethisasagoodchancetobroadenmyperspectiveaswellasimprovemyspokenEng

17、lish.(2018浙江高考寫作)Theeditingpartafterthatwasdifficult.Theeditingpartafterthatwastough.(2017北京高考書面表達(dá))ThissummerIwanttodoapart-timejobinaforeigncapitalcompany,throughwhichIwouldliketobroadenmyhorizons,getsomeworkingexperienceandmeetmorenewfriends.ThissummerIintendtotakeupapart-timejobinaforeigncapitalc

18、ompany,throughwhichIwouldliketobroadenmyhorizons,gainsomeworkingexperienceandmeetmorenewfriends.(2016全國卷書面表達(dá))句式要“高人一籌”句式單一、缺乏生氣的文章，哪怕無任何錯(cuò)誤也不可能得高分。精彩句式的合理使用會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn)，提高檔次?？忌趯懽鲿r(shí)應(yīng)多運(yùn)用一些高級(jí)句式和復(fù)合句，并注意句式的靈活多變，讓文章讀起來抑揚(yáng)頓挫，讓考生深厚的語言功底得以體現(xiàn)，讓作文跨上五檔線！升格句式時(shí)，可從兩方面著手。(一)利用復(fù)合句和非謂語動(dòng)詞，提升文章檔次1增加亮點(diǎn)的定語從句定語從句的應(yīng)用可以非常有效地提升表達(dá)檔

19、次，在寫作中如果我們把兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，或者把并列句改為含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，都能為文章增加亮點(diǎn)。Tohelpthembetterunderstandourtea-drinkingculture,wetookthemtothetearoominourschool,whereIintroducedthehistoryoftea-makinganddifferentkindsofteaandsoon.(2018北京高考書面表達(dá))Forexample,therearehugeamountsofreferencebooks.Iamoftenconfusedtochoosefro

20、mthem.Forexample,therearehugeamountsofreferencebooksfromwhichIamoftenconfusedtochoose.(2018江蘇高考書面表達(dá))Paper-cuttingisatraditionalartforminChina.Ithasahistoryofmorethan1,500years.Paper-cuttingisatraditionalartforminChina,whichhasahistoryofmorethan1,500years.(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))2吸引眼球的狀語從句在英語寫作中，狀語從句是經(jīng)常用到的句型，它的

21、靈活運(yùn)用能使作文更具吸引力。SinceyouhavelongbeeninterestedinChineseculture(原因狀語從句),IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversityisanidealplaceforyou.(2018北京高考書面表達(dá))IfyoureinterestedintheChinesefolkart(條件狀語從句),pleasee-mailme.(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))Wecansetoutearlysothatwewillhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks(目的狀語從句)(2016全國卷書面表達(dá))3

22、提升檔次的名詞性從句名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句，是寫作中常見的高級(jí)表達(dá)方式。Itisworthmentioningthatourvolleyballteamwonthechampionshiptwiceinthenationalmiddleschoolvolleyballmatch(主語從句)(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))Ihopethesesuggestionswouldbehelpfultoyou.(賓語從句)(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))ThatswhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzeRiverisabetterchoice.(表語從句)(20

23、17北京高考書面表達(dá))4言簡(jiǎn)意明的非謂語動(dòng)詞恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，不僅能使句型多樣、句子靈活多變，而且讀起來結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、言簡(jiǎn)意明。,AnEnglishshortfilm,calledGrowingTogetherwillbeshownintheschoolhallat7：30pm.(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))Togetadmitted,Ihavemadegoodpreparationsbeforehand,tryingtoknowasmuchasIcouldaboutmycity.(2017天津高考書面表達(dá))Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomakebetteruseofuse

24、dmaterials.(2016北京高考書面表達(dá))(二)利用特殊句式，彰顯能力水平寫作中，如果考生能夠使用如強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、倒裝句型等特殊句式，不僅能彰顯考生的英語水平，還能提升寫作檔次。1強(qiáng)調(diào)句型ItwashiscontinuouseffortsthatcausedChinatochangegradually.(2016北京高考書面表達(dá))Itisnotthestoryitselfbutwhatisreflectedinthestorythatcounts.(2015福建高考書面表達(dá))2倒裝句Onlyinthiswaycanwestudentsstudyhappilyandeffectively.(

25、2015湖南高考滿分作文)Notonlydoesitaffectourdailylife,butitalsoputspeopleslivesatrisk.(2015江蘇高考書面表達(dá))3省略句Isatatatable,explainingeverystepoftheprocesswhile(Iwas)makingtea.(2018北京高考書面表達(dá))As(itis)scheduled,weparticipatedinseveralinstructiveactivities.(2016天津高考書面表達(dá))4虛擬語氣Shouldyouacceptmyapplication,Iwouldsparenoef

26、forttocommitmyselftoyousatisfaction.(2018浙江高考寫作)IwishthatyoucouldgraspthisopportunitytolearntraditionalChineseculturefurther.(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))5with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Intheend,wetookagroupphoto,withcupsorteainourhands,torecordthisunforgettableexperience.(2018北京高考書面表達(dá))Inthepicture,wecanseeaboyinwornclothes,sittingatasha

27、bbywoodentablewithapileofbooksonit.(2015福建高考書面表達(dá))6并列句型AllstudentshavetwoPEclassesaweekandrunfor20minuteseveryday.(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))Tobehonest,voterssometimesfeelannoyed,notbecausetheyhatevoting,butbecausetheyaredividedbetweenemotionandfairness.(2016江蘇高考書面表達(dá))7it句型ItisareallygoodopportunitytoexperienceChin

28、eseculture.(it作形式主語)(2018全國卷書面表達(dá))IthinkitgreatfuntolearnthepoemswrittenintheTangDynastywithyou.(it作形式賓語)(2017全國卷書面表達(dá))課堂應(yīng)用體驗(yàn).請(qǐng)用更高級(jí)詞匯替換黑體詞匯1Theteacherdirectedthegiftedstudentstowardsthemoredifficultcourses.difficultchallenging2Welltryourbesttodevelopthetraditionalfriendshipbetweenus.developpromote3Ica

29、nnolongerbearthewayhespeakstous.bearput_up_with4Imetoneofmyclassmatesonmywaytoschoolyesterday.metcame_across5Hehasdecidedtobeateacherwhenhegrowsup.decideddetermined/made_up_his_mind6Developingveryquickly,theInternetcausesthebreakdownofface-to-facecommunication.causesgives_rise_to7Whenyouareboredwith

30、thepeoplesometimes,youdbetterfindaquietplace,listeningtosomeclassicalmusic._bored_withfed_up_with8Moreandmorevisitorshavebeenattractedtothisplace.More_and_moreAn_increasing_number_of9HedidntlistentowhatIsaidintheclass.didnt_listen_toturned_a_deaf_ear_to10SuddenlyIthoughtofanideathatsomeonehadbrokeni

31、ntomyhouse.I_thought_of_an_ideaI_came_up_with_an_idea/an_idea_occurred_to_me.按要求改寫下列句子1Myfavoritehobbiesarereadingbooksandnewspapers.Theyhavebecomeanecessarypartofmydailylife.My_favorite_hobbies_are_reading_books_and_newspapers,_which_have_become_a_necessary_part_of_my_daily_life.(用定語從句合并句子)2Thatthe

32、yhadhadprofessionaltrainingimpressedmemost.What_impressed_me_most_was_that_they_had_had_professional_training.(用主語從句和表語從句改寫句子)3Afterwehadpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths,westronglydesiredtobethewinner.Having_practiced_playing_basketball_for_almost_two_months,_we_strongly_desired_to_be_th

33、e_winner.(用分詞作狀語改寫句子)4IdidntknowrealhappinessuntilImetyou.It_was_not_until_I_met_you_that_I_knew_real_happiness.(用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型改寫句子)5Theweatherwassocoldthatwehadtostayathome.So_cold_was_the_weather_that_we_had_to_stay_at_home.(用倒裝句改寫句子)6Thelocalgovernmentdidntrealizetheproblemuntiltheriverwasseriouslypollute

34、d.Not_until_the_river_was_seriously_polluted_did_the_local_government_realize_the_problem.(用倒裝句改寫句子)7Itstimeforustotakemeasurestoprotectendangeredanimals.Its_time_that_we_took/should_take_measures_to_protect_endangered_animals.(用虛擬語氣改寫句子)8Whenweapproachedthecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.Approaching_the_city_center,_we_saw_a_stone_statue_of_about_10_meters_in_height.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語改寫句子)9Theyareexperienced,knowledgeable,patientandunderstanding.Theyarenotonlyexperiencedandknowledgeable,butalsopatientandunderstanding.(用notonly.butalso.句型改寫句子)10WeshouldspeakmoreEnglish.Wethi