現(xiàn)在完成時的定義現(xiàn)在完成時的基本句型動詞的過去分詞-PPT課件

1、第一課時現(xiàn)在完成時的定義現(xiàn)在完成時的基本句型動詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時 The Present Perfect Tense定義：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。I have opened the window already. (The window is open now.)表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。My grandma has lived in Zhangzhou for forty years.Li Ping has learned English for three years, so he can speak English well.We The

2、yYou 復數(shù)主語2. 基本句型：主語+助動詞 have / has + 動詞過去分詞doneShe HeIt單數(shù)主語 + has done+ have done3. 動詞過去式和過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則規(guī)則變化： 原形 - 過去式 - 過去分詞allow allowed - allowed look looked - lookedaccept - accepted - accepted 直接加ed原形 - 過去式 - 過去分詞 refuse - refused - refused use - used - used lived - lived - lived以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d原形 -

3、過去式 - 過去分詞 tidy - tidied - tidiedstudy - studied - studied 以輔音加y結(jié)尾的動詞，把y改為ied原形 - 過去式 - 過去分詞 chat - chatted - chatted stop - stopped - stopped prefer - preferred - preferred 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，雙寫輔音字母再加ed2.不規(guī)則變化： cost cut hit hurt letA A B 型 cost cost cut cut hit hit hurt hurt let let A A A 型 原形 - 過去式 - 過去分

4、詞beat原形 - 過去式 - 過去分詞beat beatenbecome come run原形 - 過去式 - 過去分詞A B A 型 A B B 型 原形 - 過去式 - 過去分詞 brought brought bought bought thought thought caught caught taught taughtbring buy think catch teach became become came come ran runwas/were beendid donewent gone began begun drank drunkrang rung sang sung s

5、wam swum A B C 型 原形 - 過去式 - 過去分詞bedo/doesgobegin drink ring sing swim句型練習：1. 她已經(jīng)解答出那道數(shù)學題了。She has worked out the math problem.2. 我已經(jīng)做完作業(yè)了?，F(xiàn)在我可以看電視了。I have finished doing the homework. Now I can watch TV.3. 我已經(jīng)告訴她那個好消息了, 她感到很高興。I have told her the good news, and she feels very happy.肯定句：主語+ have / ha

6、s + done否定句:主語+havent / hasnt + doneShe has worked out the math problem.否定句：She hasnt worked out the math problem.They have had some bread.否定句：They havent had any bread.一般疑問句: Have / Has+主語+ done?肯定回答：Yes, 主語+ have / has.否定回答： No, 主語+ havent / hasnt.We have finished the work.一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：Have you

7、 finished the work?Yes, we have.No, we havent.Tom has come back home.一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：Has Tom come back home?Yes, he has.No, he hasnt. 課堂練習：他們已經(jīng)到達學校了?？隙ň洌焊臑榉穸ň洌焊臑橐话阋蓡柧洌嚎隙ɑ卮穑?. 康康已經(jīng)讀過那本書了。肯定句：改為否定句：改為一般疑問句：否定回答：They have arrived at school. They havent arrived at school. Have they arrived at school? Ye

8、s, they have. Kangkang has read the book. Has Kangkang read the book? Kangkang hasnt read the book. No, he hasnt. 第二課時復習 have / has been to VS have been / has gone to3. yet, already, ever等詞的使用Review說出下列動詞的過去式及過去分詞形式。 be (am / is / are) begin come do drink find take work pay see write hit was / were

9、been began begun came come did done drank drunk found found took taken worked worked paid paid saw seen wrote written hit hit carry chat fly say cost like use watch change leave carried carried chatted chatted flew flown said said cost cost liked liked used used watched watched changed changed left

10、leftReview按要求完成下列句子。我吃過晚飯了。I have had dinner.2. 他知道那個消息了。他感到非常興奮。He has known the news. He feels very excited.3. 這些天你有看到李老師嗎？ 沒，他去北京了。Have you seen Mr. Li these days?No, he has gone to Beijing.4. 以前他們曾經(jīng)去過古巴。They have been to Cuba before.Attention! have / has been to 和 have / has gone to的區(qū)別 have / ha

11、s been to 表示“曾經(jīng)到過某地”，暗示人 已經(jīng)回來了，而have / has gone to表示“已經(jīng)去 某地了”，暗示人不在說話地點。He has been to Shanghai.他去過上海。（已經(jīng)回來）He has gone to Shanghai.他已經(jīng)去上海了。（還沒回來）Exercise:Fill in the blanks with have / has been to or have / has gone toA: Hi, Wang Wei. Nice to see you again.B: Hi, Jack. Nice to see you, too.A: Wang

12、Wei, where _ you _?B: I _ Jiuzhaigou.A: Did you enjoy yourself there?B: Yes, I did. By the way, where is Tom? I didnt see him today.A: Well, he _ Fuzhou.B: How soon will he come back?A: In two days. have been have been to has gone to1. just - 剛剛, 剛才； 一般用于肯定句中她剛剛看過新聞。 She has just watched the news. j

13、ust already yet ever never before 用法 have/has just done2.already- 已經(jīng)；多用于肯定句中 他們已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。They have already seen this film. 3. yet - 已經(jīng)，尚、還；多用于否定句或疑問句句末Have they finished their homework yet?No, they havent finished homework yet.或簡單回答成: No, not yet. just already yet ever never before 用法4. ever -曾經(jīng)； 表示

14、到現(xiàn)在為止的任何時候 ， 多用于疑問句中 你曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎？ Have you ever been to Beijing? 5. never -未曾，從來沒有；否定詞，用于現(xiàn)在 完成時表示以前從未做過某事 6. before - 以前；指過去某個時間點之前所發(fā) 生的事，用于完成時 以前我從未見過你。 I have never seen you before. 他從未讀過那本小說。 He has never read that novel. just already yet ever never before 用法Fill in the blanks with : already / yet /

15、 ever / never / just / before-Have you _ visited the Great Wall? -Yes, many times.2)-Hurry up! He has _ waited for us for two hours.3)When you arrive, Tom has _ left.4)I have _ seen such an interesting film _. 5)-Have you watered the plants _? -Yes, I have. ever already just never before yet第三課時sinc

16、e, for的使用短暫性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與一般過去時態(tài)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(三)一、現(xiàn)在完成時表示從過去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，常與for, since (自從） 引導的狀語連用。 e.g. : He has lived in the city for forty years. 他住在這座城市已經(jīng)40年了。 He has learned English since 1990. 自從1990 年，他就一直在學英語。 for +時間段 since + 時間點時間段+ago 從句（過去時態(tài)） two hours a year three months several weeks

17、 one oclock 2019 last month yesterday half an hour ago he arrived. forsinceExercise:Fill in the blanks with for or since.She has lived in this city _ five years.I have taught in the school _ ten years ago.The old man has been ill _ last month.The boy has watched TV _ an hour.He has been a doctor _ 2

18、019.Mr. Yang has worked in the factory _ he moved there. for since since for since since 1.針對since+時間點/for +時間段的提問用how long.The baby has slept for nine and a half hours. How long has the baby slept ?My mother has worked in this factory since 1990. How long has your mother worked in this factory?Atte

19、ntion!Attention!2. for +時間段 與 since+時間點 ?？蛇M行替換。He has lived in Zhangzhou for six years.= He has lived in Zhangzhou since six years ago.I have been back since last week.= I have been back for one week. 二、 在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中，短暫性動詞不能與表 示一段時間的狀語 (for, since)連用。如：I have bought the new bike. I have bought the new b

20、ike for two days. 當它需要與表示一段時間的狀語連用時，通常要進行轉(zhuǎn)換。如：I have had the new bike for two days.常見的詞有： leave be away (from), borrow keep, buy have, die be dead, begin / start be on, join be a member of/be in become be, fall ill be ill短暫性V.與延續(xù)性V.的互換 come arrive - be open-be open close-be closed lose - havent had

21、die- be dead1. He left China for Australia in 2019.He _ China since 2019. 2. He borrowed the book last week. He _the book for one week.3. His grandpa died three years ago.His grandpa _ for three years.4. The film began at 8:00 p.m.The film _ since 8:00 p.m.Exercise:has been away fromhas kepthas been deadhas been on5. She became a doctor in 2019.She _ a doctor since 2019.6. The young man joined the army last year.The young man _the army since last year.The young man _ the army since last year.7. The girl fell ill two days ago.The girl _ for