2022年浙江省杭州市中考英語(yǔ)試題及答案解析

1、第 =page 18 18頁(yè)，共 =sectionpages 19 19頁(yè)第 =page 19 19頁(yè)，共 =sectionpages 19 19頁(yè)2022年浙江省杭州市中考英語(yǔ)試卷一、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Derek Rabelo was born in Brazil in 1992.His father called him Derek after a famous (1)star,Derek Ho.Dereks father wanted Derek to become a surfer,too,but there was a (2)：unluckily,Derek

2、was born (3).His fathers dream to see his son surf seemed (4)! When Derek was 17，his father told him about his (5).From that moment,Derek tried his best to become a surfer. (6)went to the beach every day and started taking surfing(7)with a coach.Derek kept trying and (8)，he learned to surf! Derek ex

3、plains that (9)he cant see,he understands the noises that the waves make and he can(10)them when they are coming.He says every part of a wave makes a different noise,(11)he know which direction to surf in. In 2012，he flew to Hawaii to surf one of the most challenging and dangerous(12)in the world.Lo

4、cal surfers were very (13)to see the confident young man surf the huge wave with no problem (14). A film producer decided to make a film about him.Beyond Sight tells Dereks inspirational story and teaches us that nothing is impossible if you(15)yourself!A. swimmingB. surfingC. filmD. popA. problemB.

5、 ruleC. promiseD. planA. poorB. weakC. deafD. blindA. necessaryB. realC. impossibleD. properA. storyB. adviceC. truthD. dreamA. TheyB. WeC. HeD. SheA. matchesB. lessonsC. photosD. examsA. insteadB. usuallyC. stillD. finallyA. althoughB. unlessC. whenD. beforeA. seeB. touchC. hearD. tasteA. orB. soC.

6、 butD. forA. wavesB. beachesC. islandsD. sportsA. sorryB. worriedC. scaredD. surprisedA. after allB. at allC. at the same timeD. from time to timeA. deal withB. depend onC. believe inD. look after二、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）AA blog by Sascha Marr,aged 14 My hobby is making shoes.Ive always liked designin

7、g things.I remember drawing clothes and shoes when I was eight,and I made my first skirt aged nine.At eleven,I started making shoes,and I now spend my free time doing that.I became interested in making shoes when my cousin told me about an online shoe-making course that he was doing.I immediately wa

8、nted to do one too.Mum booked（為預(yù)約）me on a four-day course at the I Can Make Shoes school in London to see if I liked it,and then I did a ten-day course there in the summer holidays.I loved the courses.On the longer one,I made four pairs of shoes!I couldnt believe it.The teachers were excellent.Thats

9、 what was best about the classes. made us work really hard but they wanted all their students to have fun,too.Ive made about 15 pairs of shoes now.At the moment Im making a pair of training shoes using an old pair of jeans,but Ive used all kinds of different things before,from old leather（皮革）handbag

10、s to old cotton dresses！Making shoes has changed my plans for the future.I know now that I want to be a designer,but not a shoe designer.Ive decided Ill do home design.Ive designed lots of shoes and also some clothes,so Id like to try something new.What did Sascha begin to make at the age of 11？ _ A

11、. Skirts.B. Shoes.C. Jeans.D. Dresses.What does the underlined word They in Paragraph 3 refer to？ _ A. The courses.B. The teachers.C. The classes.D. The students.What does Sascha plan to be in the future？ _ A. A shoe designer.B. A handbag designer.C. A dress designer.D. A home designer.BWhat did peo

12、ple do to communicate in ancient times？Here are some very interesting answers to this question. Alphorns（阿爾卑斯長(zhǎng)號(hào)角）were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland.They are very long and they are very heavy,too.So,alphorns are hard work to blow.Then why use them？Well,they make a loud soun

13、d which travels much further than the human voice.Herdsmen（牧民）used them to call cows in the distance for milking.At sunset,alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well.These days,theyre mostly used as musical instruments. The people of La Gomera,an island in Europe,h

14、ave their own special way of sending messages from mountain to mountain.They use a whistled（口哨的）language called el silbo,which comes from their language Spanish.Whistling can be heard within five kilometers,which means it can be used across much greater distances than shouting.El silbo can be used f

15、or all kinds of messages,including greetings and announcements.El silbo is used a lot less than it used to be,but primary school students in La Gomera have to learn it. Did you know its also possible to send messages without making a noise？This is called visual communication,and it includes the use

16、of flags and even smoke.Long ago,soldiers along the Great Wall China used smoke as a warning.If they noticed the enemy from their signal（信號(hào)）tower,they lit a smoky fire.When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal,they lit fires too.In this way,messages about the enemys arrival could travel as

17、far as 800 km in just a few hours.What are alphorns mostly used for today？ _ A. Communicating in the mountains.B. Calling cows for milking.C. Sending messages down to villagers.D. Playing a kind of music.Why do the people of La Gomera use el silbo to communicate？ _ A. Because it can send messages to

18、 animals.B. Because it is different from their language.C. Because it can be heard at a great distance.D. Because it is a subject for young students.How did soldiers along the Great Wall get warning messages between towers？ _ A. By listening.B. By whistling.C. By shouting.D. By watching.Which of the

19、 following best shows the structure of the text？（ P = Paragraph） _ A. B. C. D. CCan anyone be an astronaut？ Of course not.You dont have to have a science degree but most astronauts do.Most of them are pilots too.Life in a spaceship is hard so you must have a healthy body and mind.You need to be easy

20、-going,patient,and helpful to spend so much time in a small space with other people. Whats the training like？ People have to train for a year to learn how to stay healthy and safe.They practise space walking and living in zero gravity（重力）.They train in difficult conditions to learn how to solve prob

21、lems and to work in a team.Everyday tasks like eating,washing and sleeping can be difficult on a spaceship.There is no running water so you have to wash with wet tissues；its hard to enjoy the dry food that astronauts have to eat.And to sleep you must cover your eyes because the sun rises every 90 mi

22、nutes on the International Space Station.You also have to tie yourself to something so you dont fly away! What health problems do astronauts have？ Life in zero gravity causes changes to our bodies.Bones and muscles（肌肉）become thin and weak so you must do a lot of exercise in space to stay fit and to

23、help the heart move blood around your body.Astronauts often get backache because you grow in space-up to 8 centimeters!Its also common to have headaches and to feel sick,especially at the beginning.You must have vitamins to take the place of fresh fruit and vegetables.But you dont have to put on sun

24、 cream because space suits protect your skin（皮膚）. Are you still interested？ So now you know.If you want to go to space,study hard,learn to fly and take care of your body and mind.What is a must for an astronaut？ _ A. A science degree.B. A pilots license.C. A healthy body and mind.D. A weak character

25、.What must you do to prepare for a space trip？ _ A. Experience zero gravity.B. Wash with running water.C. Practise long walks.D. Sleep with your eyes open.Why do astronauts have to exercise in space？ _ A. To make their bones and muscles thinner.B. To help the heart work well and keep fit.C. To avoid

26、 backache and grow much taller.D. To stop their skins from getting sunburned.What is the text mainly about？ _ A. What we need to know to become an astronaut.B. Why young people are interested in space trips.C. What problems astronauts must solve in space.D. Why we need to train hard before a space t

27、rip.DThere are many different ways to solve a problem.One way is to be creative.People often think creative thinking is just for artists and designers,but this is not true.Dr.Edward de Bono,an expert in creative thinking and problem solving,has shown the world that using creativity to solve problems

28、 is very useful in business and in our communities,and will continue to be so in the future. One example of creative thinking is the solution to a parking problem in a town center.In the areas close to stores,people can only park for 20 minutes.There are parking meters where people pay to park in th

29、ese areas.However,the problem is that many people leave their cars there for longer than 20 minutes.Dr.Edward de Bonos solution is to make a rule that all cars parked in these areas must keep their headlights on.Of course,drivers will want to return to their cars before their car batteries（蓄電池）die.

30、According to Dr.de Bono,people will need to use creative thinking more often in the future.To help people think more creatively,he designed the Six Thinking Hats system（系統(tǒng)）.The system helps people think about a problem in different ways in order to find a solution.In the system,there are six imagina

31、ry hats of different colors.Each hat symbolizes a different way of thinking.For example,the white hat helps people consider the facts.The black hat is the most logical（有邏輯的） and helps people consider why a possible solution may not work.So,next time you have a problem in your community,think about i

32、t creatively,from different ，and see what ideas you have.What is the topic of the text？ _ A. Being a creative artist in the community.B. Doing business successfully in the future.C. Asking experts for some useful advice.D. Using creative thinking to solve problems.Why is the example mentioned in Par

33、agraph 2？ _ A. To express a result.B. To describe a problem.C. To support the topic.D. To list some numbers.What does the underlined word perspectives in Paragraph 3 mean？ _ A. Ways.B. Places.C. People.D. Rules.Which of the following is true about the Six Thinking Hats system？ _ A. The system is use

34、d to help people think quickly.B. The white hat helps people think about the facts.C. The black hat has to do with peoples feelings.D. Six hats of different shapes can be very helpful.三、信息匹配（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）Taking stress out of exams Pre-exam stress is one of the biggest problems in students lives.It

35、 makes you feel bad and stops you from thinking clearly.So here are some tips to help you lower the stress of exams. (1) The best way to deal with exam stress is to have a good study plan.Decide which subjects to study every day and how much time to spend on each one.And dont wait until the last min

36、ute to study everything. (2) When we dont understand something,we feel stressed.Its normal.But dont worry about it,do something about it!Ask your teacher for help.You may find it hard to believe but all teachers want their students to do well in exams. (3) Your body needs exercise for your brain to

37、work better.So dont study all the time.It can just make you more stressed.Do some sport,go to the gym or just go for a walk but get up and move! (4) Its important for your brain to rest so try to get eight hours sleep every night.Eat a healthy diet and avoid drinks with caffeine that can stop you fr

38、om sleeping well. (5) Finally,if you have followed all this advice and you still feel stressed,then dont keep it a secret.Talk to someone,your mum or your dad,a friend or a teacher and tell them how you feel.We all need help sometimes. A.Eat and sleep wellB.Make it interestingC.Dont be afraid to ask

39、D.Healthy body,healthy brainE.Be organized and start earlyF.Dont keep your stress to yourselfA. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FA. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FA. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FA. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FA. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. F四、閱讀填空（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）Old new medicines What should you do if you have a headache？In mo

40、dern times,people often take aspirin（阿司匹林）.But is aspirin (1) （ actual） a modern medicine？ More than 4，000 years ago,ancient Egyptians used dried leaves to treat pain.And in the fourth century B.C.，a medicine made from tree bark（樹皮） (2) （use） to treat fevers.In the nineteenth century,European scient

41、ists discovered that both medicines have the same chemical（化學(xué)物質(zhì)）.They used the chemical to make a modern medicine-aspirin.Today,its one of the worlds (3) （cheap）and most helpful medicines. Some of the medicines we have today come (4) traditional Chinese medicine.In the third century B.C.，some people

42、 (5) （ begin） studying the human body.They tried many different ways to treat the patients and recorded (6) （ they） results.For more than 2，000 years,doctors recorded (7) they found in books.These ancient books are still useful today.Tu Youyou,a Chinese medical researcher,found that in (8) past,peop

43、le used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers.After studying it,she developed a medicine that saved millions of people from dying. For (9) （ century），Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine.But today,scientists are studying traditional treatments (10) （ develop）ne

44、w medicines.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、單詞拼寫-單句（本大題共10小題，共10.0分）Jim will be on summer vacation in June and J _.B _is the color of the sky on a sunny day.I love China and I am p _of being Chinese.Lisa,dont talk with your m _full!Its bad manners.My deskmate c _ the school bus this morning,but I m

45、issed it and was late for school.Families often get together and admire the full m _on the Mid-Autumn night.After finishing university,Tom came to China.Three years l _，he was able to speak good Chinese.Doing chores helps to develop childrens independence and teaches them how to look after t _.Altho

46、ugh the heavy rain b _ many things apart,it brought families and neighbors closer together.-Will you please help me to carry this box？-With p _.Im more than happy to do it.六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）假定你是李平，請(qǐng)閱讀以下郵件并回復(fù)。詞數(shù)80左右，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。To：LiPingSubject：Exchange Visit!Hi there,Li Ping!My names Jack and

47、 Im going to be at your school for the exchange visit next month.Im really excited about it!Well,why am I writing right now？For one thing,I really want to know something about the interesting activities at your school,so could you introduce one of them？Also,I am interested in Chinese culture.So what

48、 do you suggest I do after school？Take care and hope to hear from you soon.JackDear Jack,_Li Ping答案和解析115.【答案】B、A、D、C、D、C、B、D、A、C、B、A、D、B、C【解析】（1）名詞辨析。A.swimming 游泳；B.surfing 沖浪；C.film 電影；D.pop 流行音樂。根據(jù)DereksfatherwantedDerektobecomeasurfer,too（Derek 的父親也希望 Derek 成為一名沖浪者）可知是一名沖浪明星。故選B。 （2）名詞辨析。A.prob

49、lem 問題；B.rule 規(guī)則；C.promise 承諾；D.plan 計(jì)劃。根據(jù)unluckily可知是一個(gè)問題，故選A。 （3）形容詞辨析。A.poor 貧窮的；B.weak 虛弱的；C.deaf 聾的；D.blind 瞎的。根據(jù)hecantsee可知是瞎的。故選D。 （4）形容詞辨析。A.necessary 必要的；B.real 真正的；C.impossible 不可能的；D.proper 合適的。不幸的是，德里克生來(lái)就失明。他父親看到兒子沖浪的夢(mèng)想似乎是不可能的。故選C。 （5）名詞辨析。A.story故事；B.advice 建議；C.truth 真相；D.dream 夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)Fr

50、omthatmoment,Derektriedhisbesttobecomeasurfer.（從那一刻起，Derek 就努力成為一名沖浪者。）可知這是他的夢(mèng)想。故選D。 （6）代詞辨析。A.They他們；B.We 我們；C.He 他；D.She她。用he指代Derek。故選C。 （7）名詞辨析。A.matches 比賽；B.lessons 課；C.photos 照片；D.exams 考試。他每天都去海灘，開始跟著教練上沖浪課。故選B。 （8）副詞辨析。A.instead 相反；B.usually 通常；C.still 仍然；D.finally最后。Derek 不斷嘗試，終于，他學(xué)會(huì)了沖浪！故選

51、D。 （9）連詞辨析。A.although 雖然；B.unless 除非；C.when 當(dāng).時(shí)候；D.before在.之前。Derek 解釋說(shuō)，雖然他看不見，但他能理解海浪發(fā)出的聲音，當(dāng)它們來(lái)臨時(shí)他能聽到它們。故選A。 （10）動(dòng)詞辨析。A.see 看；B.touch 觸摸；C.hear 聽到；D.taste 品嘗。Derek 解釋說(shuō)，雖然他看不見，但他能理解海浪發(fā)出的聲音，當(dāng)它們來(lái)臨時(shí)他能聽到它們。故選C。 （11）連詞辨析。A.or 或者；B.so 所以；C.but 但是；D.for 由于。他說(shuō)海浪的每一部分都會(huì)發(fā)出不同的聲音，所以他知道要沖浪的方向。故選B。 （12）名詞辨析。A.wav

52、es 浪；B.beaches 海灘；C.islands 島嶼；D.sports 運(yùn)動(dòng)。2012 年，他飛往夏威夷沖浪世界上最具挑戰(zhàn)性和危險(xiǎn)的海浪之一。故選A。 （13）形容詞辨析。A.sorry 抱歉的；B.worried 擔(dān)心的；C.scared 害怕的；D.surprised吃驚的。當(dāng)?shù)貨_浪者很驚訝地看到這位自信的年輕人毫無(wú)問題地沖浪巨浪。故選D。 （14）介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A.after all 畢竟；B.at all 究竟，根本；C.at the same time 同時(shí)；D.from time to time 不時(shí)。當(dāng)?shù)貨_浪者很驚訝地看到這位自信的年輕人毫無(wú)問題地沖浪巨浪。故選B。 （1

53、5）動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A.deal with處理；B.depend on 依靠；C.believe in 相信；D.look after 照看。Beyond Sight 講述了 Derek 的勵(lì)志故事，并告訴我們，如果你相信自己，沒有什么是不可能的！故選C。本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Derek盡管是個(gè)盲人，但通過不懈努力最終成功地成為一名沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)員的勵(lì)志故事，并告訴我們，如果你相信自己，沒有什么是不可能的！首先要通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語(yǔ)境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結(jié)合排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文核對(duì)答案。1618.【答案】B、B、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ateleve

54、n,Istartedmakingshoes,andInowspendmyfreetimedoingthat.（十一點(diǎn)，我開始做鞋，現(xiàn)在我把空閑時(shí)間花在做這件事上。）可知，Sascha 在 11 歲時(shí)開始制作鞋。故選B。 （2）代詞指代題。根據(jù)Theteacherswereexcellent.Thatswhatwasbestabouttheclasses. madeusworkreallyhardbuttheywantedalltheirstudentstohavefun,too.（老師們非常好。這就是課堂上最好的地方。他們讓我們非常努力地學(xué)習(xí)，但他們也希望他們所有的學(xué)生都玩得開心。）可知the

55、y指的是老師。故選B。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IknownowthatIwanttobeadesigner,butnotashoedesigner.IvedecidedIlldohomedesign.（我現(xiàn)在知道我想成為一名設(shè)計(jì)師，但不是鞋類設(shè)計(jì)師。我決定做家居設(shè)計(jì)。）可知，薩沙未來(lái)打算做家居設(shè)計(jì)師。故選D。這是14歲的薩沙馬爾的一篇博客，文中介紹了她的愛好和夢(mèng)想。首先，對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破；再次，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息。1922.【答案】D、C、D、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Th

56、esedays,theyremostlyusedasmusicalinstruments.（如今，它們大多被用作樂器。）可知今天阿爾卑斯長(zhǎng)號(hào)角的主要用途是播放一種音樂。故選D。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Whistlingcanbeheardwithinfivekilometers,whichmeansitcanbeusedacrossmuchgreaterdistancesthanshouting.（口哨聲可以在五公里內(nèi)聽到，這意味著它可以在比叫喊聲更遠(yuǎn)的距離內(nèi)使用。）可知因?yàn)樗梢栽诤苓h(yuǎn)的地方聽到。故選C。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Longago,soldiersalongtheGr

57、eatWallChinausedsmokeasawarning.（很久以前，中國(guó)長(zhǎng)城沿線的士兵用煙霧作為警告。）可知他們通過觀看獲得警告信息。故選D。 （4）段落結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)第一段Whatdidpeopledotocommunicateinancienttimes？Herearesomeveryinterestinganswerstothisquestion.（古代人們做了什么來(lái)交流？下面是這個(gè)問題的一些非常有趣的答案。）2-4段介紹了有趣的事情?？芍疚氖强偡纸Y(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。本文就古代人們做了什么？這一問題，進(jìn)行了一些有趣的回答。首先要通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語(yǔ)境所提供的信息，然

58、后明確詞意，結(jié)合排除法逐一選出答案。最后再通讀全文，核對(duì)答案。2326.【答案】C、A、B、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Lifeinaspaceshipishardsoyoumusthaveahealthybodyandmind.（宇宙飛船里的生活很艱難，所以你必須有一個(gè)健康的身心。）可知，宇航員必須有健康的身心。故選C。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Theypractisespacewalkingandlivinginzerogravity.Theytrainindifficultconditionstolearnhowtosolveproblemsandtoworkinateam

59、.（他們練習(xí)太空行走和零重力生活。他們?cè)诶щy的條件下訓(xùn)練，學(xué)習(xí)如何解決問題和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。）可知，太空旅行需要做好體驗(yàn)零重力的準(zhǔn)備。故選A。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Bonesandmuscles becomethinandweaksoyoumustdoalotofexerciseinspacetostayfitandtohelptheheartmovebloodaroundyourbody.（骨骼和肌肉變得又薄又弱，因此你必須在太空中進(jìn)行大量運(yùn)動(dòng)以保持健康并幫助心臟將血液輸送到你的身體周圍。）可知，宇航員在太空中需要鍛煉從而幫助心臟正常工作并保持健康。故選B。 （4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中Ca

60、n anyone be an astronaut？（任何人都可以成為宇航員嗎？）Whats the training like？（訓(xùn)練是怎樣的？）What health problems do astronauts have？（宇航員有哪些健康問題？）結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知，本文主要講述了要成為一名宇航員，我們需要知道什么。故選A。這篇短文主要介紹了成為宇航員要經(jīng)歷的訓(xùn)練以及面臨的健康問題。通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。2730.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】（1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Therear