考研英語閱讀理解A命題思路透析(VII)

1、考研英語長篇連載：閱讀理解A命題思路透析(8)第三章、情感態(tài)度題命題思路透析Part I、命題規(guī)律透析 每一篇文章的作者在寫作的時候，都不可避免地在文章中表達(dá)自己的情感、態(tài)度和觀點，有時候這種表達(dá)非常直接，而有的時候卻又非常模糊、甚至看上去模棱兩可。而考生是否能夠從作者的字里行間把握作者的情感、態(tài)度和觀點則是對考生英語閱讀能力的一大較高難度的考驗。情感態(tài)度題一般用于考查考生能夠正確理解作者的寫作意圖、作者對某種現(xiàn)象的看法、對某個問題或事件的觀點、對所論述對象的態(tài)度。有的時候，這類題目可能避開作者的總體態(tài)度，而考查作者對文章中提到的某個細(xì)節(jié)的觀點等，這需要考生在閱讀題干的時候加以區(qū)分。一般而言，

2、情感態(tài)度題涉及到的題目都是文章中相對有爭議的問題，而且關(guān)于態(tài)度的表述可能并沒有一個明確的句子，而是分布在文章的各個角落，沒有一定的規(guī)律，因此難度也相對比較大。情感態(tài)度題常見表達(dá)方式What is the authors attitude towards IQ tests?ASupportive. BSkeptical. CImpartial. DBiased (2007)In the authors opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society isArewarding. Bsuccessful. Cfruitless.

3、 Dharmful. (2006)From the text we can conclude that the authorAis supportive of both sides Bfavors the townsfolks viewCtakes a detached attitude Dis sympathetic (2006)How do the public feel about the long-term economic situation?AOptimistiC BConfused CCarefree. DPanicked (2004)The authors attitude t

4、oward Richard Lamms remark is one ofAstrong disapproval. Breserved consent.Cslight contempt. Denthusiastic support. (2003)What is many captive shippers attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?AIndifferent. BSupportive. CIndignant. DApprehensive. (2003)From the text we can see that th

5、e writer seems .AoptimistiC Bsensitive. Cgloomy. Dscared (2002)Towards the new business wave, the writers attitude can be said to be .AoptimistiC Bobjective. Cperssmistic Dbiased (2001)The author s attitude towards the issue seems to be_AbiaseD Bindifferent. Cpuzzling. Dobjective. (1999)The authors

6、attitude toward the issue of “science vs. antiscience” is _ .Aimpartial. Bsubjective. Cbiased Dpuzzling. (1998)The authors attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of _.Aopposition. Bsuspicion. Capproval. Dindifference.其他的提問方式還包括：According to the author, .The authors main purpose in this passage

7、 is .The author argues in the passage that .The authors purpose of writing this passage is .The authors main thought is that .The author probably feels that .What is the mood , tone of the passage?In this passage the authors attitude towards can best be described as .Which of the following best desc

8、ribe the authors attitudes towards ?In the authors opinion, .The author holds a(n) attitude towards .The author appears to feel that .從以上例子中我們可以看出，情感態(tài)度題的提問方式也有一些規(guī)律可循。首先，題目中一般都會用到the authors attitude或者attitude 的近義詞來進(jìn)行表述。但是有的時候考查的不是作者的觀點態(tài)度，而是文中某個人的觀點態(tài)度，此時都會有according to, in the eyes of 等字樣，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)加以區(qū)分其次，

9、情感態(tài)度題的詞語選項一般可以分為以下幾種：（1）褒義詞：positive (肯定的, 積極的), optimistic (樂觀的), useful (有用的, 有益的), admiring (贊賞的, 欽佩的), interesting (有趣的), instructive (有益的, 教育性的), enthusiastic (熱心的, 熱情的), supportive (支持的), support(支持), approval (贊成, 承認(rèn)), approving (滿意的), confident (自信的, 確信的), impressed (留下印象的), reverent (尊敬的),

10、polite (有禮貌的, 文雅的)（2）貶義詞：negative (否定的, 消極的), pessimistic (悲觀的, 厭世的), subjective (主觀的, 個人的), disappointed (失望的), frustrated (失敗的, 落空的), critical (批評的), questioning (質(zhì)疑的), doubtful (可疑的, 不確的), compromising (妥協(xié)的), dissatisfied (不滿意的, 不高興的), biased (有偏見的), satirical (諷刺的), tolerant (容忍的, 寬恕的), puzzling

11、 (迷惑的), suspicious (懷疑的), gloomy (令人沮喪的), scared (恐懼的), cynical (憤世嫉俗的), oppose (反對), opposition (反對), disgust (令人反感), disgusting (令人厭惡的), worried (悶悶不樂的), depressed (沮喪的), contemptuous (輕蔑的, 侮辱的), hostile (敵對的), opinionated (武斷的)（3）中性詞：objective (客觀的), impartial (公平的, 不偏不倚的), indifferent (無關(guān)緊要的), i

12、mpassive (冷漠的), detached (超然的，不偏不倚的), concerned (關(guān)心的), unconcerned (不關(guān)心的), uninterested (不感興趣的), neutral (中性的), cautious (謹(jǐn)慎的, 小心的), humorous (滑稽的, 詼諧的), apathetic (缺乏興趣的), disinterested (無私的), sensitive (敏感的), factual (事實的, 實際的), informative (提供資訊的), persuasive (說服的), personal (個人的,), formal (正式的),

13、 informal (非正式的), casual (偶然的), analytical (分析的)情感態(tài)度題常見出題位置1、文章中直接表達(dá)作者或者其他人態(tài)度的句子。2、文章中一些感情色彩較濃的詞語，尤其是形容詞、動詞和副詞等。3、文章的第一段和最后一段，尤其是最后一段。4、文章中出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折的地方，如nevertheless, however, but, yet等。5、文章中一些情態(tài)動詞后面的內(nèi)容，這些情態(tài)動詞有should, shouldnt, must, mustnt等。情感態(tài)度題正確答案選項的特點1、很多情況下，作者只是在客觀描述一種現(xiàn)象或是一個觀點，所以objective作為正確選項的頻率極

14、高。2、一般來說，indifferent不會正確選項，因為作者如果對一個事件漠不關(guān)心、就不會專門撰文。另外，向cynical, disgust, deperate等詞語如果出現(xiàn)也不會是正確選項，因為一般考研閱讀理解所選的文章不會帶有如此強(qiáng)烈的情感，如謾罵、攻擊等。3、如果作者開篇就提出了一個觀點，而全文中有沒有轉(zhuǎn)折和對比的內(nèi)容，一般來說作者對這個觀點持支持態(tài)度。4、如果作者開篇提出一個觀點或者引述了別人的觀點，而后文出現(xiàn)重要的轉(zhuǎn)折，對上述觀點進(jìn)行批評后者否定，那么作者自己的觀點往往與開頭提出的觀點相反。5、如果選項中出現(xiàn)了一對反義詞，那么正確答案往往是這對反義詞中的一個，考生可以忽略其余兩個選項。6、總結(jié)歷年的文章，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在關(guān)于社會科學(xué)和人文科學(xué)的文章中，一般來說如果作者都會有支持的態(tài)度；在關(guān)于自然科學(xué)的文章中，作者的態(tài)度則經(jīng)常是objective, analytical等。情感態(tài)度題干擾答案選項的特點1、選項沒有體現(xiàn)作者的觀點，甚至是相反的意思。2、選項