2022年哈爾濱師范大學(xué)自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年哈爾濱師范大學(xué)自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and a

2、re more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on American designs C、they are too costly D、they are not reliable【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是講的兩個(gè)原因，即人們的工資水平太低，也就是沒有能力使機(jī)器人發(fā)揮出創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二個(gè)原因就是人們逐漸意識到

3、了操縱機(jī)器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以應(yīng)該選C。第2題【單選題】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the gre

4、at influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this par

5、agraph is_. A、Main Results of Recent Researches B、Popular Doubt about the New View C、Effect of Environment on Intelligence D、Impact on School Education【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一個(gè)新的對智力的認(rèn)識，與過去一些年的傳統(tǒng)的把智力看做是一種不變的能力的這種理解不同，它主張智力和人的成長環(huán)境有關(guān)。因此選擇C。第3題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by hi

6、s appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題。【譯文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記?。翰灰悦踩∪恕Ｔ敿?xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第4題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but yo

7、u must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work bette

8、r at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _. A、change his energy cycle B、overcome his laziness C、get up earlier than usual D、go to bed earlier【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題要求讀者找出本段中的最后兩句，并聯(lián)系本段開頭兩句的意思，作出正確判斷。本段開頭說，“雖然你無法改變自己的能量周期，但你可以使你的生活適合這一周期。Dr. Kleitma

9、n認(rèn)為經(jīng)常性的行為(對你的能量周期)能起作用?！弊詈髢删溆终f，“rise before your usual hourwork better at your low point”(“如果你在上午處于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么你就要比平時(shí)早起。這并不改變你的周期，但你可以在低潮時(shí)得到能量，工作得更好?！?因此選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。第5題【單選題】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because,

10、British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on Americ

11、an designs C、they are too costly D、they are not reliable【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是講的兩個(gè)原因，即人們的工資水平太低，也就是沒有能力使機(jī)器人發(fā)揮出創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二個(gè)原因就是人們逐漸意識到了操縱機(jī)器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以應(yīng)該選C。第6題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The acid rain（酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are als

12、o a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced. _. A、The problem, however, is not just a European one. B、That is enough to have caused some of the

13、 ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already. C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people. D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正確答案】C【答案解析】前文提到完成這項(xiàng)工作需要很多的

14、錢，答案轉(zhuǎn)折說到了墨西哥沒有這么多的錢去做。兩句之間有隱含的邏輯關(guān)系。第7題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. _. That is at least as important as how much we know. A、Much of what has been said about strangers also a

15、pplies to relationships with family members and friends. B、He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room. C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. D、In his op

16、inion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.【正確答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代詞we在D中才有呼應(yīng)的代詞，而且在文章最后出現(xiàn)觀點(diǎn)句是通常論述文的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)，因此判斷D正確。第8題【單選題】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions

17、【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分。【譯文】強(qiáng)烈支持采取新措施維護(hù)移民的權(quán)力?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) B 建設(shè) C 措施，辦法 D 讓步，特許權(quán)第9題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. _ Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the sa

18、me. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming. A、These are newer and better models, B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming. C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is

19、supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正確答案】A【答案解析】這個(gè)問題可以根據(jù)引號來作答，因?yàn)榭崭窈竺嬗小皊ays”這個(gè)詞，它預(yù)示著所填入的句子應(yīng)該是帶引號的。A的意思是：這些是比較新的也是比較好的模型。第10題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to mak

20、e their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。文章講雖然兒童習(xí)得母語的“教師”可能沒有受過專門的語言教學(xué)的訓(xùn)練，但與他的關(guān)系卻是親密的、個(gè)人化

21、的。但是作者并沒有提到在語言學(xué)習(xí)中，教師與學(xué)生密切的個(gè)人關(guān)系比教師接受專門的語言教學(xué)訓(xùn)練更重要。第11題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. _. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clot

22、hes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays. A、Ionosphere is high above the earth. B、If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots. C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes

23、 can be linked to the movement of the sunspots. D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正確答案】D【答案解析】這一段說的是太陽黑子對人類健康的影響。填入的內(nèi)容也應(yīng)該與健康有關(guān)，空格后一句說到要保護(hù)皮膚。因此D是正確的。第12題【單選題】【2009.01】If you try to learn too

24、many things at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、confirmed D、convinced【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形近形容詞意義區(qū)分。句意：如果你試圖一次學(xué)太多東西，你就有可能糊涂了。A .濃縮的，專心的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 確信的。第13題【單選題】It _ that the mysterious visitor was an old friend of my grandmother. A、turned up B、turned off C、turned on D、turned ou

25、t【正確答案】D【答案解析】turn up，“出現(xiàn)”，如 Did the lost ring ever turn up? Turn off，“關(guān)閉”、“拐彎”， turn on：“打開”。 turn out，“證明，原來是”。 第14題【單選題】The water _ all over the desk. A、is spilt B、was spilt C、spilt D、spill【正確答案】C【答案解析】水灑了一桌子。spill有“（使）灑出”之意，故不用被動(dòng)，排除AB；water是不可數(shù)，謂語不用spill原形；spilt是spill的過去式，答案選C。第15題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Nor

26、wich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。答題依據(jù)在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁邊的一個(gè)小村莊，就說明了River

27、 Wensum流經(jīng) Norwich。第16題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket（板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題對應(yīng)的語句為：the one most nearly like it

28、 is the English game of cricket，因此是正確的。第17題【單選題】He showed his indifference _ the problem. A、with B、to C、in D、about【正確答案】B【答案解析】indifference to: 對.冷漠，不關(guān)心第18題【單選題】The professor asked a question, and David _ a good answer. A、put up with B、stood up for C、came up with D、looked down upon【正確答案】C【答案解析】題目意思：

29、教授問了一個(gè)問題，戴維想出一個(gè)答案。本題是短語意義區(qū)分題。本題是A 忍受、忍耐 B保衛(wèi)、支持 C 想出、提出 D 輕視、看不起 第19題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is

30、concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。文章講雖然兒童習(xí)得母語的“教師”可能沒有受過專門的語言教學(xué)的訓(xùn)練，但與他的關(guān)系卻是親密的、個(gè)人化的。但是作者并沒有提到在語言學(xué)習(xí)中，教師與學(xué)生密切的個(gè)人關(guān)系比教師接受專門的語言教學(xué)訓(xùn)練更重要。第20題【單選

31、題】【2007.04】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be _. A、shut down B、done away C、gone off D、called off【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：關(guān)閉（工廠）；（工廠）停工，關(guān)閉。do away常與with搭配，構(gòu)成do away with。go off：爆炸，（鬧鈴）響。 第21題【單選題】【2007.04】The book fair has received a positive _ from readers.

32、 A、result B、response C、settlement D、solution【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。response：反映，反響。result：結(jié)果，后果。settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解決；解答。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選response。a positive response：良好的反映。 第22題【單選題】Would you like _down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up ? A、get B、getting C、to get D、got【正確答

33、案】C【答案解析】would like to do固定搭配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案選C。第23題【單選題】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞語辨析?！咀g文】利潤共享計(jì)劃目的是激發(fā)員工努力工作。A 計(jì)算、估算 B 證實(shí)、論證、演示 C思索、推測 D 激勵(lì)、激發(fā)第24題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has perfect reli

34、ability if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】如果一個(gè)員工做工作總是認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴的?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 親自地; B 幾乎不; C 個(gè)別地; D 可靠地第25題【單選題】【2008.04】That proposal is essentially irrelevant _ the issue at hand. A、with B、from C、in D、to【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查介詞的固定

35、搭配。句子翻譯：那個(gè)提案與手頭上的問題根本無關(guān)。irrelevant to 表示：與無關(guān)。第26題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book wr

36、itten by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正確答案】C【答案解析】這段文字講到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所寫的書已經(jīng)譯成了許多種語言，因此C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。第27題【單選題】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sales lad

37、ies and gentlemen are always there ready for you. More often than not（往往）, on such occasions newcomers from elsewhere, say, China mainland, may feel something more than mere uneasiness-even a sense of guilt if they do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-timers（老前輩，老人）, especially the

38、 teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the God; sometimes they would rather be a shoplifter. The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Hong Kong is worthy of its reputation as a business center of the world. B、It is uneasy to be offered smiles and ser

39、vices. C、Shopping or window-shopping here, you can really feel the meaning of The Customer is the God ! D、Shoplifting has been a frequent criminal offence.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這里“顧客是上帝”的這種理念和氛圍。因此選擇C。第28題【單選題】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessa

40、ry. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can_. A、seed lots of sunflowers B、play games in the sunflower ho

41、use C、include plants with animal names D、find their own playing section【正確答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出處，By summers end“夏天結(jié)束的時(shí)候”實(shí)際上就是When autumn comes“秋天來臨的時(shí)候”。答案選擇B。第29題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is curr

42、ently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正確答案】C【答

43、案解析】這部分所說的體積的減小和所需時(shí)間的縮短恰好與前半句中提到的冰箱大小的體積和所需數(shù)分鐘的時(shí)間形成了對比。即：目前它大約像冰箱那么大，而且要用幾分鐘掃描一個(gè)電路，但是他們正在努力使它縮小到臺式計(jì)算機(jī)那么大，把掃描時(shí)間縮短到30秒。第30題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營養(yǎng)很好，他們就會很快痊愈。A 營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿

44、，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險(xiǎn)第31題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營養(yǎng)很好，他們就會很快痊愈。A 營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險(xiǎn)第32題【單選題】【2007.04】The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from _ in the l

45、iving room. A、that B、it C、one D、which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。that在本句中指代the furniture，目的是為了避免重復(fù)。which用于引導(dǎo)句子或短語，在此也不能指代the furniture。 第33題【單選題】【2009.04】This is the first time that a woman has been_ to the post. A、granted B、praised C、pointed D、appointed【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：這是第一次任命一位婦女擔(dān)任此職位。試題分析：本題考查詞義辨析。詳細(xì)解答：A

46、 允許、同意；B 表揚(yáng)、贊揚(yáng)；C 指、指出；D 指定、任命、委任。第34題【單選題】【2009.01】He has deep love for the people and_loyalty to the country. A、intense B、initial C、instant D、imitative【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分。A 強(qiáng)烈的，極度的；B 最初的，開始的；C 立即的，即時(shí)的；D 模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty，選A比較恰當(dāng)。第35題【單選題】【2009.10】There are many sales this season, during which s

47、tores will lower their _ prices. A、normal B、general C、ordinary D、usual【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。整句話的意思為：這個(gè)季節(jié)有很多促銷活動(dòng)，在此期間商店都會降低商品的原價(jià)。A 正常的、平常的 B 普通的、一般的 C 普通的 D 尋常的、通常的第36題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such

48、as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正確答案】C【

49、答案解析】這段文字講到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所寫的書已經(jīng)譯成了許多種語言，因此C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。第37題【單選題】【2007.04】Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting housing agencies in the city. A、set about B、set down C、set out D、set up【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查關(guān)于set的短語。contacting housing agencies：聯(lián)系房屋中介。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選set about。set about：開始做某事。set down：放下，擱下；

50、記下，記載，寫下。set out：出發(fā)，開始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建立（事業(yè)）；成立（組織）；為某人提供必需品或有用的東西。 第38題【單選題】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictabilit

51、y（不可預(yù)知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist（性別歧視的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females names for hurricanes is _. A、the timely（及時(shí)的）discovery B、its uncertainty C、sex equality D、its connection with

52、humans【正確答案】C【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female）names作為答案線索詞）中最后一句判斷答案為C（與性別有關(guān)）。第39題【單選題】The challenge is not one of expansion. _, the rapid growth in enrollment over the last 40 years has come to an end. A、As a result B、By all means C、In contrast D、On the contrary【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查介詞詞組的詞義辨析。四個(gè)詞組分別表示“因此”、“務(wù)必

53、”、“相比之下”和“相反”之意。第40題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you

54、 want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _.

55、A、change his energy cycle B、overcome his laziness C、get up earlier than usual D、go to bed earlier【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題要求讀者找出本段中的最后兩句，并聯(lián)系本段開頭兩句的意思，作出正確判斷。本段開頭說，“雖然你無法改變自己的能量周期，但你可以使你的生活適合這一周期。Dr. Kleitman認(rèn)為經(jīng)常性的行為(對你的能量周期)能起作用。”最后兩句又說，“rise before your usual hourwork better at your low point”(“如果你在上午處于能量的低潮

56、，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么你就要比平時(shí)早起。這并不改變你的周期，但你可以在低潮時(shí)得到能量，工作得更好?！?因此選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。第41題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. _. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption（爆發(fā)）of ancient volcanoes（火山）Others are low-lying coral islands

57、 that gradually rose from the ocean. A、They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? C、Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America. D、But life on the Caribbean Islands is n

58、ot always paradise.【正確答案】C【答案解析】第一句話說的是：加勒比群島形成了一個(gè)鎖鏈，把加勒比海與大西洋的其他部分分開。答案是C，因?yàn)樗牡谝粋€(gè)詞是They，該詞指The Caribbean Islands；而且在語義上也有很好的銜接。第42題【單選題】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robo

59、ts financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on American designs C、they are too costly D、they are

60、 not reliable【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是講的兩個(gè)原因，即人們的工資水平太低，也就是沒有能力使機(jī)器人發(fā)揮出創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二個(gè)原因就是人們逐漸意識到了操縱機(jī)器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以應(yīng)該選C。第43題【單選題】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會什么時(shí)候召開還沒有決定。詳細(xì)解答：A 什么；B 哪一個(gè)；C 什么時(shí)候；D （無詞義）