自動(dòng)化專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)——Introductions-to-Optimal-Control-Systems課件

1、Lesson 14 Introductions to Optimal Control Systems New words and phrases :1.optimal adj.最佳的，最理想的2. optimization n.優(yōu)化，最優(yōu)化，最佳化3. index n.索引，標(biāo)志，指標(biāo)，指數(shù)4. attainable adj.可到達(dá)的，可得到的5. deviation n.偏離，背離(from)6. hamper v.妨礙，牽制return*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)27. compromise n.妥協(xié)，和解8. tractable adj.易駕馭的9. payload n.有效載荷負(fù)載 10. vehicl

2、e n.車(chē)輛，運(yùn)載工具11. residual adj.剩余的，殘留的12. propellant adj.推進(jìn)的 n. 推進(jìn)物，火藥13. velocity n.速度，速率，迅速14. ionic adj. 離子的*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)315. quadratic adj.二次 n. 二次方程式16. beforehand adv.事先，預(yù)先17. repertory n.倉(cāng)庫(kù)，貯藏所18. inferior adj.下等的，下級(jí)的19. suboptimal adj.不最理想的20. prototype n. 原型，樣機(jī)*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)4Notes(1) The concept of control sys

3、tem optimization comprises a selection of a performance index and a design which yields the optimal control system within limits imposed by physical constraints. Such an optimal control system differs from an ideal one in that the former is the best attainable in the presence of physical constraints

4、 whereas the latter may well be an unattainable goal.*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)5控制系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的概念包括性能指標(biāo)的選擇和在物理?xiàng)l件限制下最優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)這兩部分。最優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)和理想最優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)的差別在于前者是在物理?xiàng)l件限制的情況下可達(dá)到的最好結(jié)果，而后者是不可能達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)6句中which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾a design。a selection of a performance index和a design which yields the optimal control system within limits imposed by phys

5、ical constraints是并列賓語(yǔ)。連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)7(2) In solving problems of optimal control systems, we may have the goal of finding a rule for determining the present control decision, subject to certain constraints which will minimize some measure of a deviation from ideal behavior.在解決最優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題時(shí)，

6、我們有可能找到一個(gè)確定現(xiàn)有控制策略的規(guī)則，在某些約束條件下使它偏離理想狀態(tài)的偏差測(cè)量值達(dá)到極小。*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)8(3) The optimization process should provide not only control policies, parameter configurations which are optimal, but also a measure of the degradation in performance by the departure of the performance index function from its minimum (or maximu

7、m) value which results from the use of nonoptimal control policies.*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)9優(yōu)化過(guò)程不僅提供最優(yōu)控制策略和最優(yōu)參數(shù)配置，還提供在應(yīng)用非最優(yōu)策略的條件下，性能指標(biāo)函數(shù)偏離它的極小(或極大)值時(shí)也能衡量性能上降低的程度。not only.but also，是固定句型。翻譯為不但而且。 *專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)10(4) Therefore, before we decide whether to build the optimal control system or something inferior but simpler, we sho

8、uld carefully evaluate a measure of the degree to which the performance of the complex, optimal control systems exceeds that of a simpler, suboptimal one. Unless the optimal control system can be justified, we shall not build extremely complicated, optimal control systems.*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)11因此，在決定構(gòu)建最優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)或者決定構(gòu)建

9、性能上較差、但比較簡(jiǎn)單的控制系統(tǒng)之前，我們應(yīng)該仔細(xì)地權(quán)衡復(fù)雜的最優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)優(yōu)于簡(jiǎn)單的次優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)程度。除非最優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)經(jīng)過(guò)充分論證，否則我們不會(huì)去構(gòu)建一個(gè)極其復(fù)雜的最優(yōu)控制系統(tǒng)。*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)12句中whether引導(dǎo)是賓語(yǔ)從句，whether.or.，翻譯為是還是，或者或者。that代指前面的the performance。Unless意思為除非，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 *專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)13狀語(yǔ)從句的譯法1. 譯成漢語(yǔ)的偏正復(fù)句(把英語(yǔ)的狀語(yǔ)從句前置或后移) A body at rest will not move till a force is exerted on it.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句譯成漢語(yǔ)的條件狀語(yǔ))若沒(méi)有外力的作用，靜止的物體不會(huì)移動(dòng)。*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)142. 譯成漢語(yǔ)的聯(lián)合復(fù)句He made notes as he was listening to the lecture. (時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句譯成漢語(yǔ)的并列關(guān)系)他邊聽(tīng)課，邊做記錄。*專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)15